The Chanditala I CD Block is part of the Hooghly-Damodar Plain, one of the three natural regions in the district of the flat alluvial plains, that forms part of the Gangetic Delta. The region has many depressions which receive water from the surrounding lands during the rainy season and discharge the water through small channels.[1]
Geography
Map of Hooghly district showing CD blocks and municipal areas
It is located 34 km from Chinsurah, the district headquarters.
Chanditala I CD Block has an area of 93.45 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 9 gram panchayats, 148 gram sansads (village councils), 56 mouzas and 47 inhabited villages. Chanditala police station serves this block.[3] Headquarters of this CD Block is at Masat.[4][5]
As per the 2011 Census of India, Chanditala I CD Block had a total population of 179,825, of which 104,677 were rural and 75,148 were urban. There were 90,032 (50%) males and 89,793 (50%) females. Population below 6 years was 19,350. Scheduled Castes numbered 35,243 (19.60%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 281 (0.16%).[7]
As of 2001[update] census, Chanditala I block had a total population of 165,837, out of which 81,689 were males and 84,148 were females. Chanditala I block registered a population growth of 11.38% during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for Hooghly district was 15.72%.[8] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84%.[9]
Large villages (4,000+ population) in Chanditala I CD Block (2011 census figures in brackets): Patul (4,083), Sehakhala (6,434), Kanaidanga (4,517), Bhadua (4,704) and Krishnarampur (10,044).[7]
As per the 2011 census the total number of literates in Chanditala I CD Block was 134,421 (83.76% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 70,740 (88.24% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 63,681 (79.65% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 8.59%.[7]
As of 2001[update] census, Chanditala I block had a total literacy of 52.75%. While male literacy was 73.52%, female literacy was 55.09%.[11]
As per the 2011 census, majority of the population of the district belong to the Hindu community with a population share of 82.9% followed by Muslims at 15.8%. The percentage of the Hindu population of the district has followed a decreasing trend from 87.1% in 1961 to 82.9% in the latest census 2011. On the other hand, the percentage of Muslim population has increased from 12.7% in 1961 to 15.8% in 2011 census.[13]
In the 2011 census Hindus numbered 117,300 and formed 65.23% of the population in Chanditala I CD Block. Muslims numbered 62,225 and formed 34.60% of the population. Others numbered 300 and formed 0.17% of the population.[12]
Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 99.49% of the population.[14]
Rural poverty
As per poverty estimates obtained from household survey for families living below poverty line in 2005, rural poverty in Chanditala I CD Block was 9.07%.[15]
Economy
Livelihood
Livelihood in Chanditala I CD Block
Cultivators (9.24%)
Agricultural labourers (18.10%)
Household industries (10.41%)
Other Workers (62.25%)
In Chanditala I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators formed 9.24%, agricultural labourers 18.10%, household industry workers 10.41% and other workers 62.25%.[16]
Infrastructure
There are 47 inhabited villages in Chanditala I CD Block. 100% villages have power supply. 14 villages have more than one source of drinking water (tap, well, tube well, hand pump), 27 villages have only tube well/ borewell and 6 villages have only hand pump. 3 villages have sub post offices and 2 villages have post and telegraph offices. 47 villages have landlines, 37 villages have public call offices and 47 villages have mobile phone coverage. 28 villages have pucca roads and 28 villages have bus service (public/ private). 2 villages have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages have commercial/ co-operative banks.[17]
Important Handicrafts of Hooghly District
Zari Work on Sari - Pandua, Pursurah, Jangipara, Tarakeswar and other blocks - 3,000 families involved
Chikon Embroidery – Babnan, Pandua, Singur - 2,500 families involved
Although a large proportion of the people is engaged in non-agricultural pursuits, this is a rich agricultural area with several cold storages.[18] Along with rice, the prime crop of the district, the agricultural economy largely depends on potato, jute, vegetables, and orchard products. Vegetable is a prize crop in the blocks of Haripal, Singur, Chanditala, Polba and Dhaniakhali being grown in a relay system throughout the year. Potato is cultivated in all the blocks of this district.[19][16]
Some of the primary and other hats or markets in the Chanditala I CD Block area are: Jangalpara hat, Mesat hat, Sheakhala hat, Bhagakalipur hat, Gopalpur hat and Gangadharpur hat.[20]
In 2013-14, the comparatively small percentage of persons engaged in agriculture in Chanditala I CD Block could be classified as follows: bargadars 17.25%, patta (document) holders 5.23%, small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2.29%, marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 39.82% and agricultural labourers 35.41%.[16]
Chanditala I CD Block had 53 fertiliser depots, 15 seed stores and 59 fair price shops in 2013-14.[16]
In 2013-14, Chanditala I CD Block produced 341 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 167 hectares, 10,259 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 3,097 hectares, 4,282 tonnes of jute from 202 hectares, 51,925 tonnes of potatoes from 1,854 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds .[16]
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Chanditala I CD Block was 6,985 hectares, out of which 2,560 hectares were irrigated by canal water, 1,500 hectares by tank water, 620 hectares by deep tube wells and 2,305 hectares by shallow tube wells.[16]
Banking
In 2013-14, Chanditala I CD Block had offices of 12 commercial banks and 1 gramin bank.[16]
Transport
Chanditala I CD Block has 9 originating/ terminating bus routes.[16]
Education
In 2013-14, Chanditala I CD Block had 94 primary schools with 9,796 students, 7 middle schools with 980 students, 6 high schools with 6,353 students and 12 higher secondary schools with 18,364 students. Chanditala I CD Block had 1 general college with 1,301 students, 254 institutions for special and non-formal education with 7,114 students[16]
In Chanditala I CD Block, amongst the 47 inhabited villages, 2 villages had no school, 23 villages had more than 1 primary school, 31 villages had at least 1 primary school, 14 villages had at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 10 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.[17]
Healthcare
In 2014, Chanditala I CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 3 primary health centres and 6 private nursing homes with total 130 beds and 6 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 32 family welfare subcentres. 2,696 patients were treated indoor and 233,480 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.[16]
Chanditala I CD Block is one of the areas of Hooghly district where ground water is affected by low level of arsenic contamination. The WHO guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. In Hooghly district, 16 blocks have arsenic levels above WHO guidelines and 11 blocks above Indian standard value. The maximum concentration in Chanditala I CD Block is 33 mg/litre.[23]
^"District Human Development Report: Hooghly"(PDF). Table 2.38: Empirical Measurement of Rural Poverty in Hogghly 2005, page 89. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2011. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2017-08-07. Retrieved 14 June 2017.
^ abcdefghij"District Statistical Handbook 2014 Hooghly". Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
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