Charles Derbyshire (January 17, 1880 – April 10, 1933) was an American translator active around the turn of the twentieth century.

His most famous translations were of the poetry and novels of the Filipino writer and political activist Jose Rizal, Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, both of which were published in 1912. He also translated Rizal's farewell poem, posthumously titled Mi Ultimo Adios, which he published in 1911.

Born in Huntington, West Virginia in 1880, Derbyshire died in Chillicotte, Ohio in 1933, aged 53.