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((Short description|Type of indicator light in automobiles))
((Multiple issues|
((refimprove|date=October 2016))
((globalize|date=October 2016))
))

[[File:Motorkontrollleuchte.svg|right|thumb|180px|Malfunction indicator icon]]
[[Image:Check-Engine-Light.jpg|thumb|180px|right|A malfunction indicator lamp, this one labeled "service engine soon".]]
[[File:Vw engine check.jpg|thumb|180px|A MIL "check engine" light on a Volkswagen Bora indicating a fault in the engine management system.]]
[[Image:Check Engine.jpg|thumb|180px|right|MIL on a running engine indicating malfunction in engine control system.]]

A '''check engine light''' or '''malfunction indicator lamp''' ('''MIL'''), is a [[Tell-tale (automotive)|tell-tale]] that a computerized engine-management system used to indicate a malfunction or problem with the vehicle ranging from minor (such as a loose gas cap) to serious (worn spark plugs, engine problems or a faulty oil valve, etc.). Found on the instrument panel of most automobiles, it usually bears the legend ((smallcaps|engine)),<ref>1980s and 1990s [[Ford F-Series]] trucks had an optional "redundant engine light", a second ((smallcaps|engine)) light alongside the ((smallcaps|check engine)) light, which would only light under severe conditions. As the name suggests, its purpose was redundancy in case the primary MIL failed.</ref> ((smallcaps|check engine)), ((smallcaps|service engine soon)), ((smallcaps|maintenance required)), ((smallcaps|emiss maint)),<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.cherokeeforum.com/f2/check-engine-light-12739/#post144407|title = Check Engine Light))</ref> or a pictogram of an engine—and when illuminated, it is typically an amber or red color.

The light generally<ref>On vehicles equipped with [[On-Board Diagnostics|OBD-II]]</ref> has two stages: steady (indicating a minor repairable fault, but service on the vehicle is strongly recommended as soon as possible to prevent future damage) and flashing (indicating a severe fault and an emergency that makes the vehicle unsafe to drive and it is strongly recommended that the vehicle gets mechanical attention straight away). When the MIL is lit, the [[engine control unit]] stores a fault code related to the malfunction, which can be retrieved—although in many models this requires the use of a [[On-board diagnostics#Hand-held scan tools|scan tool]]. This warning light can indicate almost anything from a loose gas cap to a serious knock or fault in the engine.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://keysmiths.com/diagnose-service-engine-soon-light/|title=Diagnose service engine soon light fix with this professional car diagnostic tool|date=April 11, 2018|website=Key Smiths|access-date=April 11, 2018))</ref>

In the United States, specific functions are required of the MIL by [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] regulations.<ref>((Cite book |last=Register |first=Office of the Federal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q8_vHlaJHVwC&dq=Malfunction+indicator+light+OBD&pg=PA200 |title=Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of Environment, PT. PT. 85-86 (SEC. 86.599-99), Revised as of July 1, 2010 |date= |publisher=Government Printing Office |isbn=978-0-16-086040-9 |language=en))</ref>

==History==
Some older vehicles had a single indicator labeled "trouble" or "engine"; this was not an MIL, but an "[[Tell-tale (automotive)|idiot light]]" meant to indicate serious trouble with the engine (low oil pressure, overheating, or charging system problems) and an imminent breakdown. This usage of the "engine" light was discontinued in the mid-1980s, to prevent confusion with the MIL. 

The MIL appeared in the early 80s along with computerized engine controls. Even the earliest systems, such as [[General Motors]]' CCC (computer command control) system had self diagnosis functionality. When the computer detected a fault, it illuminated the MIL. Up until [[On-board diagnostics#OBD-II|OBDII]], on most cars the MIL could output codes. When two pins on the [[ALDL]] are jumped, the light would flash the codes, for instance (blink) (pause) (blink) (blink) for code 12. Some manufacturers, such as Honda, retained this feature even after OBDII.

The MIL is commonly referred to today as the "check engine light" or the "service engine soon light".<ref>((cite web| title = How do the engines breathe in diesel submarines?| publisher = [[How Stuff Works]]| date = 24 July 2006| url = http://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipment/question286.htm| access-date = October 27, 2016))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.motor-schaden-ankauf.de/ |title=Engine trouble |access-date=October 27, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028020334/http://www.motor-schaden-ankauf.de/ |archive-date=October 28, 2016 |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web|title=Why Does My Car Stall?|url=http://desertoasisautorepair.com/my-car-stalls/|website=Desert Oasis Auto Repair|date=December 2015))</ref>

==Odometer triggering==
Some vehicles manufactured from the late 1990s to mid 2000s have a MIL that illuminates based on the odometer reading, regardless of engine operation. For example, in several [[Mazda]] models, the light will come on at ((convert|80,000|mi|km)) and remain lit without generating a computer trouble code.((cn|date=July 2017)) Volvo had a light labeled "lambda", ''lambda sond'' being another name for [[oxygen sensor]]. This was done in order to remind the driver to change the oxygen sensor. Some American-built 1973–1976 [[Chrysler Corporation]] vehicles had a similar odometer-triggered reminder: "Check EGR", which was reset after service at a Chrysler dealership.

==Other triggering==
The MIL is also illuminated prior to starting the engine, along with other tell-tales on the dashboard, to demonstrate that the lamp is working and not burned out. The lamp will turn off once the car is started if no monitored faults exist. The MIL will also illuminate if the engine has been cranked but failed to start after returning the ignition to "on". In most modern vehicles this is usually due to not giving the engine enough cranking time to start. In pre-fuel injection years many cranking attempts were sometimes required to start the car. If the engine fails to start on the second or third attempt then an actual visual check of the engine could be required. If the engine suddenly stalls or is triggered by an overload, such as on a [[manual transmission]] car, the MIL will also illuminate until the engine is started again.

==False triggering==
Higher amounts of [[methanol]]/[[ethanol]] (or other additives) than the engine is equipped to handle may trigger the MIL (see [[E85]]). These burn differently from gasoline, and the EFI system may mistakenly interpret the oxygen sensor's readings as being incorrect. [[Oxygenated gasoline]] can cause this false triggering in early EFI systems.((Citation needed|date=May 2011))

==See also==
* [[OBD-II PIDs]] ("Parameter IDs")

==References==
((reflist))

((Car-interior))

[[Category:Vehicle parts]]

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