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((Short description|Non-profit organisation based in Namibia))
((More citations needed|date=October 2007))

[[Image:CCF Field and Research Centre.jpg|thumb|Research and Education Centre, and Cheetah Sculpture by Amy Malouf]] The '''Cheetah Conservation Fund''' is a research and lobby institution in [[Namibia]] concerned with the study and sustenance of the country's [[cheetah]] population, the largest and healthiest in the world. Its Research and Education Centre is located ((Convert|44|km)) east of [[Otjiwarongo]]. The CCF was founded in 1990 by conservation biologist [[Laurie Marker]] who won the 2010 [[Tyler Prize]] for her efforts in Namibia.

==Activities==
[[Image:Cheetah yawn.jpg|thumb|CCF's Ambassador cheetah, Chewbaaka]]
Loss of habitat, conflict with humans,<ref name=NamibianThesis>Marker, Laurie L. ''[http://www.cheetah.org/ama/orig/lmarker_thesis.pdf Aspects of Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) Biology, Ecology, and Conservation Strategies on Namibian Farmlands] ((webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021231549/http://www.cheetah.org/ama/orig/lmarker_thesis.pdf |date=October 21, 2012 ))'', thesis submitted for Doctor of Philosophy, Lady Margaret Hall, University of Oxford, Trinity Term 2002.</ref> as well as its own loss of genetic variation, are the main threats facing the cheetah today.<ref>((cite web|title=Cheetahs|url=http://www.cheetah.org/?nd=the_problem|publisher=N.P|accessdate=October 3, 2013))</ref> Both within Namibia and worldwide there is now far greater awareness of the value of the cheetah within the ecosystem, and its endangered status. Encouragingly, increasing numbers of Namibian farmers (on whose land the majority of wild cheetah live) are implementing predator-friendly livestock management techniques.

CCF's conservation and educational efforts are supported by on-going research used to develop policies and programs to sustain the cheetah population in Namibia and as a model for cheetah conservation programs in other countries such as [[Botswana]], [[Kenya]], [[South Africa]], [[Algeria]] and [[Iran]].<ref>((Cite web|title=Holistic Conservation Strategy • Cheetah Conservation Fund|url=https://cheetah.org/about/what-we-do/conservation/|website=Cheetah Conservation Fund|language=en|access-date=2020-05-30))</ref> The CCF further conducts field research in the [[Waterberg Plateau Park|Waterberg]] Conservancy (total 2,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) and the [[Otjiwarongo]] farming area (15,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>).

[[Image:Bushblok.jpg|thumb|left|Eco-friendly BushBlok logs help combat [[bush encroachment]], restoring cheetah habitat.]]This includes a programm on habitat restoration, especially addressing [[bush encroachment]]. This encompasses testing and monitoring methods of harvesting thickened bush and design a scheme that is appropriate for farmland habitat and is beneficial to the landowners.<ref>((Cite web|date=2021-11-11|title=Shrubs Gone Wild – CCF Investigates Bush Encroachment Control Methods • Cheetah Conservation Fund|url=https://cheetah.org/ccf-blog/research/shrubs-gone-wild-ccf-investigates-bush-encroachment-control-methods/|access-date=2021-12-08|website=Cheetah Conservation Fund|language=en))</ref><ref>((cite journal |last1=Nghikembua |first1=Matti T |last2=Marker |first2=Laurie L |last3=Brewer |first3=Bruce |last4=Leinonen |first4=Arvo |last5=Mehtätalo |first5=Lauri |last6=Appiah |first6=Mark |last7=Pappinen |first7=Ari |title=Restoration thinning reduces bush encroachment on freehold farmlands in north-central Namibia |journal=Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research |date=9 August 2021 |volume=94 |issue=4 |pages=551–564 |doi=10.1093/forestry/cpab009 |doi-access=free ))</ref> The CCF also produces the ''Bushblok'', a firelog made from encroacher bush.<ref>((Cite web|last=Cheetah Conservation Fund|title=Products|url=https://cheetah.org/bushblok/products/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-08|website=Bushblok|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806132036/https://cheetah.org/bushblok/products/ |archive-date=2020-08-06 ))</ref><ref>((cite web |last1=Mahony |first1=Julia M. |first2=Jillian F |last2=Wise |first3=Samuel F |last3=Feller |first4=Robert Joseph |last4=Sazanowicz |year=2006 |title=Development of the Bushblok Industry In Namibia |url=https://digital.wpi.edu/show/c821gk06v ))</ref> It also adds to and maintains an extensive physiological database and a [[Genome]] Resource Bank.

[[File:Kangal Shepherd (livestock-guarding dog) and flock of goats in Namibia.jpg|thumb|Kangal Shepherd guarding livestock in Namibia]]
[[File:CCF cheetah.jpg|thumb|left|One of the non-releasable orphaned or injured cheetahs at CCF]]

The CCF also investigates non-lethal predator mitigation to eliminate the need for ranchers to kill cheetah, and issues relating to cheetah in captivity. Aspects of this program include:

* Research on the effective use of swing gates, the relocation of problem cheetahs, and the implementation of predator-friendly farming methods, such as the CCF's '''Livestock Guarding Dog Program''', which has provided an efficient alternative method to reduce livestock losses to cheetahs and other predators. Greater awareness of the program has also led to an increase of requests by farmers who experience livestock predator problems to provide them dogs.
* The creation and management of long-term conservation strategies for the cheetah worldwide.
* Training farmers on sustainability and on how to live with predators, particularly cheetahs.

A threat within the cheetah population is [[inbreeding]] in captive cheetahs and the Cheetah Conservation Fund has begun the practice of assisted reproduction including techniques such as [[artificial insemination]], [[in vitro fertilization]], and [[cryopreservation]].<ref>((cite journal|last1=Wildt|first1=David E.|last2=Roth|first2=Terri L.|title=Assisted Reproduction for Managing and Conserving Threatened Felids|journal=International Zoo Yearbook|date=1997|volume=35|issue=1|pages=164–72|doi=10.1111/j.1748-1090.1997.tb01207.x))</ref> Artificial insemination has increased the probability of cheetah impregnation as well as viable offspring. Artificial insemination gives researchers the ability to enhance [[gene flow]] between wild cheetahs as well as captive cheetahs, decreasing the negative effects of inbreeding. It also promotes gene flow because this technique allows scientists to breed sexually incompatible cheetahs (zoos). In vitro fertilization makes breeding cheetahs easier because researchers do not have to transport cheetahs from the wild to breed with the cheetahs in captive-breeding programs. Artificial insemination is important for researchers to be able to produce strong offspring from genetically valuable cheetahs.<ref>((cite journal|last1=Wildt|first1=David E.|title=Genome Resource Banking for Wildlife Research, Management, and Conservation|journal=ILAR Journal|date=2000|volume=41|issue=4|pages=228–34|doi=10.1093/ilar.41.4.228|pmid=11123183|doi-access=free))</ref> In vitro fertilization also gives researchers the option to temporarily capture female cheetahs to impregnate and raise healthy young and then release after short periods of time.<ref>((cite journal|last1=Andrabi|first1=S.m.h.|last2=Maxwell|first2=W.m.c.|title=A Review on Reproductive Biotechnologies for Conservation of Endangered Mammalian Species|journal=Animal Reproduction Science|date=2007|volume=99|issue=3–4|pages=223–243|doi=10.1016/j.anireprosci.2006.07.002|pmid=16919407))</ref> Due to cheetahs' being easily susceptible to certain types of viral and bacterial diseases, cryopreservation, allows scientists to preserve the embryos and gametes of genetically strong cheetahs from the wild and inseminate captive-bred cheetahs, enhancing the [[allele frequency]] of specific genes. Cryopreservation is one of the few techniques in which researchers are able to inseminate captive cheetahs with pathogen-free gametes. The preservation of gametes and embryos of cheetahs has given researchers and conservationists the tools to understanding the basic reproductive biology of cheetahs, creating a path for researchers to develop better ways to breed and maintain cheetahs.

==See also==
* [[South African cheetah]]
* [[Asiatic cheetah]]
* [[Anatolian Shepherd Dog]]
* [[Cheetah Conservation Foundation]]
* [[Wildlife Conservation Network]]
* [[African Wildlife Foundation]]

==References==
((Reflist))

[https://web.archive.org/web/20070926222734/http://www.aza.org/ConScience/ConScienceSSPFact/ SSP Fact Sheet] on the AZA website.

==External links==
((Commons category))
*[http://www.cheetah.org/ Cheetah Conservation Fund's Official Website]
* U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030620220004/http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/TESSWebpage Threatened and Endangered Species System (TESS)].
*[https://amymalouf.com/wire-sculpture/ Amy Malouf, Cheetah Sculptor] . 

((Conservation of species))
((Namibia topics))
((Authority control))
((Coord|20|29|00|S|17|01|53|E|region:NA|display=title))

[[Category:Cat conservation organizations]]
[[Category:Animal welfare organisations based in Namibia]]
[[Category:Nature conservation in Namibia]]
[[Category:Conservation projects]]
[[Category:Otjiwarongo]]
[[Category:Environmental organizations established in 1990]]
[[Category:1990 establishments in Namibia]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Cheetah Conservation Fund (edit)
Economy of Namibia (edit)
Geography of Namibia (edit)
History of Namibia (edit)
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Namibia (edit)
Outline of Namibia (edit)
Politics of Namibia (edit)
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