Chief Joseph Mountain
Northeast aspect, from Wallowa Lake
Highest point
Elevation9,616 ft (2,931 m)[1]
Prominence776 ft (237 m)[2]
Parent peakHurwal Divide (9,776 ft)[3]
Isolation1.83 mi (2.95 km)[3]
Coordinates45°17′08″N 117°15′42″W / 45.2854779°N 117.2617823°W / 45.2854779; -117.2617823[4]
Naming
EtymologyChief Joseph
Geography
Chief Joseph Mountain is located in Oregon
Chief Joseph Mountain
Chief Joseph Mountain
Location in Oregon
Chief Joseph Mountain is located in the United States
Chief Joseph Mountain
Chief Joseph Mountain
Chief Joseph Mountain (the United States)
LocationEagle Cap Wilderness
CountryUnited States of America
StateOregon
CountyWallowa
Parent rangeWallowa Mountains
Topo mapUSGS Chief Joseph Mountain
Geology
Age of rockMiocene
Type of rockColumbia River basalt
Climbing
Easiest routescrambling[1]

Chief Joseph Mountain is a 9,616-foot elevation (2,931 m) mountain summit located in Wallowa County, Oregon, US.

Description

Chief Joseph Mountain is located five miles south of Joseph, Oregon, in the Wallowa Mountains. It is set within the Eagle Cap Wilderness on land managed by Wallowa–Whitman National Forest.[2] The peak ranks as the 14th-highest summit in Oregon,[3] and the 8th-highest of the Wallowa Mountains.[2] The peak is situated southwest of Wallowa Lake and precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Wallowa River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 5,200 feet (1,600 meters) above the lake in approximately three miles. The bulk of the mountain is a complex geology of Mesozoic granodiorite of the Wallowa Batholith, limestone, greenstone, and a small relict summit cap composed of Columbia River basalt.[5]

Etymology

Chief Joseph by Edward Sheriff Curtis, 1903

This landform's toponym was officially adopted in 1925 by the United States Board on Geographic Names to honor Chief Joseph (1840–1904), leader of the Wal-lam-wat-kain (Wallowa) band of Nez Perce tribe.[4] Chief Joseph led his band of Nez Perce during the most tumultuous period in their history, when they were forcibly removed by the United States federal government from their ancestral lands in the Wallowa Valley. Ironically, Mount Howard which is immediately across the Wallowa Valley from Chief Joseph Mountain is named after Oliver Otis Howard, the Army officer responsible for evicting Chief Joseph in 1877.[6] "Point Joseph" is an alternate official name for the summit and "Tunnel Mountain" has also been used in the past.[4] The nearby town of Joseph is also named after him.

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Chief Joseph Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and mild summers.[7] Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F. Most precipitation in the area is caused by orographic lift.

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Barbara Bond (2005), 75 Scrambles in Oregon, Mountaineers Books, ISBN 9781594852909
  2. ^ a b c "Chief Joseph Mountain, Oregon". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c "Chief Joseph Mountain - 9,616' OR". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c "Chief Joseph Mountain". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved October 5, 2022.
  5. ^ Mineral Resources of the Eagle Cap Wilderness and Adjacent Areas, USGS (1976), p. 45–48
  6. ^ "Backroads of the Great American West", 2021, Motorbooks, ISBN 9780760369975, p. 151
  7. ^ Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644. ISSN 1027-5606.

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