Choe U 최우 | |
|---|---|
| Military Leader of Goryeo | |
| Imperial Guardian | |
| In office 1219–1249 | |
| Monarch | Gojong of Goryeo |
| Preceded by | Choe Chung-heon |
| Succeeded by | Choe Hang |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1166 Kaesong, Kingdom of Goryeo (currently Kaesong, North Korea) |
| Died | 10 December 1249 |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Jeong Lady Dae |
| Children | Lady Choi Choi Man-jeong Choe Hang |
| Parent |
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| Choe U | |
| Hangul | |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Choe U |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch‘oe U |
Choe U (Korean: 최우; Hanja: 崔瑀; 1166 - 10 December 1249) was the second Choe dictator of the Ubong Choe Military regime. He himself went out on the battlefield to lead in fighting off the Mongolian invasions. Then he realized that the government was no longer safe at the capital city of Kaesong, and so he forced the king and his officials to flee to Ganghwa island. He took some of his armies and went to Ganghwa island with them. He did this because he knew that the Mongols would not attempt a naval assault against Ganghwa. Therefore, the Goryeo government was kept safe for several decades even after the Choe regime.
Choe U was the son of the Goryeo Dynasty military regime's founder, Choe Chung-Heon (최충헌,崔忠獻), and grandson of the Grand General Choe Won-Ho (최원호,崔元浩). Choe U's birthdate is unknown, but it is known that the Choe family lived in the capital of Kaesong at the time when Choe Chung-Heon assassinated Yi Ui-Min. Choe U was around the age of seventeen when his father assassinated the tyrant Yi in 1196 and saw how his father amassed and wielded power. Choe U was said to have been a skilled general and fighter as well as an exceptional statesman.[citation needed]
He joined the Imperial army at the age of eighteen and served for about twenty years, and continued to serve while he was dictator. Not much is known about Choe U's early life.[citation needed] There was the incident of succeeding his father. When the time came for Choe Chung-Heon to select a successor, he had two choices. He selected U because he was the first son, and he was the more talented and capable of the two.[citation needed] U's brother, Hyang, did not take this lightly and so the two brothers faced each other in a sword duel, and it ended in U's victory. U did not kill his brother but put his fate in his father's hands. Choe Chung-Heon announced that U would be his successor, and U became the Royal protector/prime minister, and leader of the Imperial Council.
Choe U controlled the Goryeo government with King Gojong as his puppet. He was able to preserve the Goryeo empire by hiding the government on Ganghwa island. At the same time, Choe U did a better of appeasing the people than his father had done. He returned all of the treasures and that his father had taken and distributed it to the people. With this, the people of Goryeo became more willing to live under a dictatorship. Choe U's rule was mostly composed of Mongolian Invasions. He directly led Goryeo forces to fight off the first Mongol Invasion.
Choe U died suddenly of disease after the Fourth Mongol invasion of Goryeo (July 1247 – March 1248) and was succeeded by his son Choe Hang.