Chromosome 13
Human chromosome 13 pair after G-banding.
One is from mother, one is from father.
Chromosome 13 pair
in human male karyogram.
Features
Length (bp)113,566,686 bp
(CHM13)
No. of genes308 (CCDS)[1]
TypeAutosome
Centromere positionAcrocentric[2]
(17.7 Mbp[3])
Complete gene lists
CCDSGene list
HGNCGene list
UniProtGene list
NCBIGene list
External map viewers
EnsemblChromosome 13
EntrezChromosome 13
NCBIChromosome 13
UCSCChromosome 13
Full DNA sequences
RefSeqNC_000013 (FASTA)
GenBankCM000675 (FASTA)

Chromosome 13 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 13 spans about 113 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 3.5 and 4% of the total DNA in cells.

Genes

Number of genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 13. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[4]

Estimated by Protein-coding genes Non-coding RNA genes Pseudogenes Source Release date
CCDS 308 — — [1] 2016-09-08
HGNC 309 323 469 [5] 2017-05-12
Ensembl 324 586 373 [6] 2017-03-29
UniProt 329 — — [7] 2018-02-28
NCBI 343 622 481 [8][9][10] 2017-05-19

Gene list

See also: Category:Genes on human chromosome 13

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 13. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

Diseases and disorders

The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 13:

Chromosomal conditions

The following conditions are caused by changes in the structure or number of copies of chromosome 13:

Cytogenetic band

G-banding ideograms of human chromosome 13
G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 13 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).
G-banding patterns of human chromosome 13 in three different resolutions (400,[12] 550[13] and 850[3]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).[14] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.[15]
G-bands of human chromosome 13 in resolution 850 bphs[3]
Chr. Arm[16] Band[17] ISCN
start[18] 		ISCN
stop[18] 		Basepair
start 		Basepair
stop 		Stain[19] Density
13 p 13 0 282 1 4,600,000 gvar
13 p 12 282 620 4,600,001 10,100,000 stalk
13 p 11.2 620 1015 10,100,001 16,500,000 gvar
13 p 11.1 1015 1198 16,500,001 17,700,000 acen
13 q 11 1198 1353 17,700,001 18,900,000 acen
13 q 12.11 1353 1536 18,900,001 22,600,000 gneg
13 q 12.12 1536 1635 22,600,001 24,900,000 gpos 25
13 q 12.13 1635 1790 24,900,001 27,200,000 gneg
13 q 12.2 1790 1888 27,200,001 28,300,000 gpos 25
13 q 12.3 1888 2114 28,300,001 31,600,000 gneg
13 q 13.1 2114 2255 31,600,001 33,400,000 gpos 50
13 q 13.2 2255 2367 33,400,001 34,900,000 gneg
13 q 13.3 2367 2649 34,900,001 39,500,000 gpos 75
13 q 14.11 2649 2931 39,500,001 44,600,000 gneg
13 q 14.12 2931 3030 44,600,001 45,200,000 gpos 25
13 q 14.13 3030 3128 45,200,001 46,700,000 gneg
13 q 14.2 3128 3311 46,700,001 50,300,000 gpos 50
13 q 14.3 3311 3537 50,300,001 54,700,000 gneg
13 q 21.1 3537 3762 54,700,001 59,000,000 gpos 100
13 q 21.2 3762 3889 59,000,001 61,800,000 gneg
13 q 21.31 3889 4058 61,800,001 65,200,000 gpos 75
13 q 21.32 4058 4199 65,200,001 68,100,000 gneg
13 q 21.33 4199 4439 68,100,001 72,800,000 gpos 100
13 q 22.1 4439 4565 72,800,001 74,900,000 gneg
13 q 22.2 4565 4678 74,900,001 76,700,000 gpos 50
13 q 22.3 4678 4791 76,700,001 78,500,000 gneg
13 q 31.1 4791 5087 78,500,001 87,100,000 gpos 100
13 q 31.2 5087 5171 87,100,001 89,400,000 gneg
13 q 31.3 5171 5355 89,400,001 94,400,000 gpos 100
13 q 32.1 5355 5510 94,400,001 97,500,000 gneg
13 q 32.2 5510 5636 97,500,001 98,700,000 gpos 25
13 q 32.3 5636 5834 98,700,001 101,100,000 gneg
13 q 33.1 5834 5989 101,100,001 104,200,000 gpos 100
13 q 33.2 5989 6087 104,200,001 106,400,000 gneg
13 q 33.3 6087 6256 106,400,001 109,600,000 gpos 100
13 q 34 6256 6510 109,600,001 114,364,328 gneg

References

  1. ^ a b "Search results - 13[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. CCDS Release 20 for Homo sapiens. 2016-09-08. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
  2. ^ Tom Strachan; Andrew Read (2 April 2010). Human Molecular Genetics. Garland Science. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-136-84407-2.
  3. ^ a b c Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  4. ^ Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biol. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077. PMID 20441615.
  5. ^ "Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 13". HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee. 2017-05-12. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
  6. ^ "Chromosome 13: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens". Ensembl Release 88. 2017-03-29. Retrieved 2017-05-19.
  7. ^ "Human chromosome 13: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM". UniProt. 2018-02-28. Retrieved 2018-03-16.
  8. ^ "Search results - 13[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
  9. ^ "Search results - 13[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ( ("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
  10. ^ "Search results - 13[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene". NCBI. 2017-05-19. Retrieved 2017-05-20.
  11. ^ Dunham A, Matthews LH, Burton J, Ashurst JL, Howe KL, Ashcroft KJ, et al. (2004). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13". Nature. 428 (6982): 522–8. Bibcode:2004Natur.428..522D. doi:10.1038/nature02379. PMC 2665288. PMID 15057823.
  12. ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (400 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-03-04. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  13. ^ Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (550 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  14. ^ International Standing Committee on Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). ISCN 2013: An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. ISBN 978-3-318-02253-7.
  15. ^ Sethakulvichai, W.; Manitpornsut, S.; Wiboonrat, M.; Lilakiatsakun, W.; Assawamakin, A.; Tongsima, S. (2012). "Estimation of band level resolutions of human chromosome images". 2012 Ninth International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE). pp. 276–282. doi:10.1109/JCSSE.2012.6261965. ISBN 978-1-4673-1921-8. S2CID 16666470.
  16. ^ "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
  17. ^ For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
  18. ^ a b These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
  19. ^ gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Human chromosome 13.
Human genome
Cytogenetics: chromosomes
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