The Chronicle of 1234 (Latin: Chronicon ad annum Christi 1234 pertinens) is an anonymous West Syriac universal history from Creation until 1234.[1][2] The unknown author was probably from Edessa. The Chronicle only survives in fragments, from which it is known to be divided into two parts: the first on ecclesiastical history, the second on secular. It was critically edited and translated by the French Orientalist Jean-Baptiste Chabot in 1920 (volume I covering ecclesiastical history) and by Albert Abouna in 1974 (volume II covering secular history).
Unique among Syriac chronicles it depends in part on the Book of Jubilees. The author also used the lost Ecclesiastical History of Dionysius of Tell Maḥrē for his coverage of the eighth through ninth centuries. He also uses Theophilus of Edessa (possibly through an Arabic translator) and al-Azdī, an Arabic author. Some of Theophilus's history now lost to us survives in the Chronicle of 1234, such as his account of the Trojan War. The Chronicle also uses the late twelfth-century correspondence of the Syriac patriarch Michael the Great for its most recent history.
The Chronicle of 1234 is best as a primary source for events surrounding the Crusades and the Kingdom of Cilicia in the late twelfth century and early thirteenth.