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((short description|American rock music magazine, Gerald Rothberg founder owner editor publisher))
((refimprove| date = January 2017))
((Infobox Magazine
| title = Circus 
| editor = Gerald Rothberg <ref>https:/www.geraldrothberg.com</ref> 
| frequency = Monthly
| circulation = 
| category = Music
| publisher = 
| firstdate = October 1966 (''Hullabaloo'');<br>March 1969 (''Circus'')<ref name=cbub20top>((cite web|title=20 Top Music Magazine Histories|url=http://cbub.com/music-magazine-history/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119045244/http://cbub.com/music-magazine-history/|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 19, 2013|publisher=CBUB Productions & Archives|accessdate=June 28, 2012))</ref>
| finaldate = May 2006<ref name=bm51806>((cite web|title=CIRCUS Magazine Is No More – May 18, 2006|date = 18 May 2006|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=52451|publisher=blabbermouth.net|accessdate=June 28, 2012))</ref>
| finalnumber = 
| country = [[United States]]
| language = [[English language|English]]
| issn = 0009-7365|
|website=https://www.geraldrothberg.com/
))

'''''Circus''''' was a monthly American magazine devoted to [[rock music]]. It was published from October 1966 to May 2006. The magazine had a full-time editorial staff that were prolific in [[rock journalism]], such as [[Paul Nelson (critic)|Paul Nelson]], Judy Wieder, [[David Fricke]], and [[Kurt Loder]]. It rivaled ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' in sales and surpassed ''[[Creem]]''. In 1974, a sister publication was launched, titled '''''Circus Raves''''',<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.rocksbackpages.com/Library/Publication/circus-raves|title=Circus Raves|publisher=Rock's Backpages|accessdate=May 28, 2015))</ref> and by 1977 that venture had been merged into ''Circus'' magazine, making ''Circus'' a biweekly publication.<ref>((cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060701183909/http://www.afka.net/Mags/CR.htm|archivedate=July 1, 2006 |date=April 14, 2012|accessdate=May 28, 2015|last=Raup|first=Avo|publisher=afka (at) afka.net|url=http://www.afka.net/mags/CR.htm |title=Circus Raves))</ref>

Gerald Rothberg originally published the magazine under the name '''''Hullabaloo''''' in 1966 (23 issues), before changing the name to ''Circus'' in 1969.<ref name=cbub20top/> 

In its early years it covered [[hard rock]] acts like [[the Doors]] and [[Grand Funk Railroad]]. [[Patti Smith]] wrote for ''Circus'', as did her bandmate [[Lenny Kaye]]. Rock critic Kurt Loder was also a contributor, as was [[Lance Loud]] of An American Family fame. A ''Circus'' reader could look forward to music reviews penned by [[Ed Naha]], whose entire review of an album by the German rock group [[Can (band)|Can]] consisted of exactly one word: "Can’t". Despite the era’s printing constraints, the magazine included high-quality color photography.

In 1971 [[Howard Bloom]] joined ''Circus'' as editor, his tenure lasting until August 1973.

In the late 1970s, the magazine started focusing on pop culture as a weekly in the vein of ''[[People Magazine]].'' The magazine gradually shifted to [[heavy metal music |heavy metal]] acts in the early and mid-1980s, then began focusing coverage on [[glam metal]] groups like [[Bon Jovi]] and [[Def Leppard]] in the mid-to-late 1980s. 

As the 1990s progressed, Rothberg changed the longtime design and logo of the magazine, reduced the staff complement, and made use of freelance writers. It was during this period that Rothberg was attacked in the [[Guns N' Roses]] song "[[Get in the Ring]]".

Before the magazine was ceased publication in May 2006,<ref>((cite book|author=John David Ebert|title=The New Media Invasion: Digital Technologies and the World They Unmake|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HNHyiDm3__kC&pg=PA197|accessdate=October 31, 2015|date=September 2, 2011|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-8818-6|page=198))</ref> ''Circus'' covered contemporary heavy metal, competing against magazines like ''[[Kerrang]] ''and ''[[Hit Parader]]''.

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
*[http://rockcriticsarchives.com/features/circus/circus-intro.html A History of ''Circus'' magazine] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100511070542/http://rockcriticsarchives.com/features/circus/circus-intro.html |date=2010-05-11 ))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060710002528/http://www.gawker.com/news/magazines/circus-closes-clowns-sad-174701.php Blog on ''Circus'' ending]

[[Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Music magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Heavy metal publications]]
[[Category:Magazines established in 1966]]
[[Category:Magazines disestablished in 2006]]
[[Category:Weekly magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Biweekly magazines published in the United States]]
[[Category:Magazines published in New York City]]

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