Ciro Cirillo
President of Campania
In office
12 September 1979 – 13 August 1980
Preceded byGaspare Russo
Succeeded byEmilio De Feo
President of the province of Naples
In office
1969–1975
Preceded byAntonio Gava
Succeeded byGiuseppe Iacono
Personal details
Born(1921-02-15)15 February 1921
Naples, Kingdom of Italy
Died30 July 2017(2017-07-30) (aged 96)
Torre del Greco, Italy
Political partyChristian Democracy

Ciro Cirillo (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtʃiːro tʃiˈrillo]; 15 February 1921 – 30 July 2017) was an Italian politician and member of the Christian Democracy (DC) political party. He served as the president of the province of Naples from 1969 to 1975 and the president of Campania from 1979 until 1980. Cirillo oversaw reconstruction efforts in the aftermath of the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, which struck the region on 23 November 1980.[1][2]

In 1981, Cirillo was kidnapped by the Red Brigades (BR), an Italian paramilitary group, in a case that garnered worldwide attention.[3] He was released on 25 July 1981, following 89 days in captivity and a ransom payment of 1.45 billion lire.[3] The ransom was a controversial deal with the Camorra;[4][5][6] they did not negotiate with the BR and only asked them to release him.[7] This happened several years after the Italian state had refused to negotiate with the BR in their kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro, leading observers and critics to wonder what changed and the reasons behind the state's negotiation.[8][9][10]

Biography

Cirillo was raised in Torre del Greco.[3] He began his career at the Camera di Commercio, Industria, Agricoltura e Artigianato, the chamber of commerce of Naples.[3] He joined the DC and served as the DC's Naples provincial party secretary during the 1960s.[3] Cirillo rose to become a key figure of the regional DC and a political ally of Antonio Gava. He served as the president of the province of Naples from 1969 until 1975. In 1979, Cirillo was elected president of Campania, a position he held from 1979 to 1980.[3] He then became the regional councilor of public works and chairman of the commission which oversaw the regions recovery efforts following the Irpinia earthquake in November 1980.[1][11]

Kidnapping

Main article: Kidnapping of Ciro Cirillo

On 27 April 1981, Cirllo was kidnapped from his home in Torre del Greco by five members of the BR.[11][12] During the kidnapping, Cirillo's police escort, Giovanni Senanzi, and his chauffeur, Mario Cancello, were killed in a shoot out between the BR and the police, while his secretary suffered leg wounds.[3] Cirillo was held captive by the BR for 89 days.[3] While Cirillo's kidnapping drew worldwide headlines, many of the events during this time period remain a mystery to the present day.[3][11] Cirillo was finally released on 25 July 1981, following a controversial ransom payment by the DC of 1.45 billion lire (the equivalent of 748,000 euros in 2017).[3] The ransom proved contentious, as the DC had previously refused payment for the release of former prime minister Aldo Moro, who was kidnapped and killed by the BR in 1978 following 55 days of captivity.[3]

The outcome of the Cirillo kidnap stood in sharp contrast to the kidnapping and murder of Moro. When Moro was abducted by the BR in 1978, the DC-led government immediately took a hardline position: the "state must not bend" on terrorist demands. They refused to negotiate with the BR, while local DC members in Campania made every effort and even negotiated with criminals to release Cirillo, a relatively minor politician in comparison with Moro.[13]

In 2000, Cirillo told La Repubblica that he had written a letter with his version of the kidnapping, to be released by his lawyer after his death.[3] He later retracted the letter's existence, telling Il Mattino newspaper: "It was a bluff. There was a period where I was harassed by journalists. Two Tuscan journalists stood out...I invented a story of a secret account to brush them off."[3] In another interview in 2006, he also expressed frustration at the DC party, which had asked him to leave office soon after his release by his kidnappers in 1981.[3]

Cirillo, who was married with children, died on 30 July 2017,[14][15] at the age of 96.[3][11][12] His funeral was held at the Carmelitani Scalzi church in Torre del Greco on 31 July 2017.[3][11][16]

References

  1. ^ a b "Around the World; Italian Terrorists Kidnap Politician and Kill 2 Guards". The New York Times. 28 April 1981. p. 8. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  2. ^ D'Avanzo, Giuseppe (12 April 2001). "la Repubblica/politica: Cirillo, i misteri del sequestro 'La mia verita' e' dal notaio'". La Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Ciro Cirillo, President of Campania kidnapped in 1981, dies". Italian Insider. 31 July 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  4. ^ "Cirillo, l'uomo dei segreti tra Brigate Rosse, Stato e camorra: 'Fu zittito dalla Dc'". Il Mattino (in Italian). 31 July 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  5. ^ "Cirillo, la Camorra, le BR..." Associazione Me.Dia.Re. (in Italian). 27 April 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  6. ^ "Un silenzio lungo 40 anni. Il caso Cirillo e i segreti di quella trattativa tra Stato, camorra e Br". La Repubblica (in Italian). 26 April 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  7. ^ "Caso Cirillo, ex 007: 'La Dc trattò con la camorra, non con le Br'". Roma (in Italian). 26 April 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  8. ^ "[L'intervista esclusiva] 'Cirillo rapito dalle BR e quel riscatto pagato dai costruttori del post terremoto dell'Irpinia. Napoli città infetta'". Tiscali Notizie (in Italian). 31 July 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  9. ^ Demarco, Marco (30 July 2017). "Lo stato e la trattativa con i terroristi Perché per Cirillo sì e per Moro no?". Corriere della Sera (in Italian). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  10. ^ Consoli, Andrea Di; Scotti, Vincenzo (18 January 2019). "Quando la DC decise di trattare con le BR per liberare Ciro Cirillo". Il Sole 24 Ore (in Italian). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  11. ^ a b c d e "Morto Ciro Cirillo, il Dc sequestrato dalle Br e rilasciato dopo una oscura trattativa con la camorra". la Repubblica. 30 July 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  12. ^ a b del Frate, Claudio (30 July 2017). "Morto a 96 anni l'ex dc Ciro Cirillo, Nel 1981 fu rapito dalla Brigate Rosse". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  13. ^ "Terrorismo, misteri italiani. 38 anni fa il rilascio dell'assessore Dc Ciro Cirillo sequestrato dalle Brigate rosse". Insidertrend.it (in Italian). 24 July 2019. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  14. ^ "È morto Ciro Cirillo, l'ex Dc sequestrato e liberato dalle Brigate Rosse". Il Giornale (in Italian). 30 July 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  15. ^ Comi, Paolo (1 August 2017). "Chi trattò con la camorra per salvare Cirillo? Forse nessuno". Il Dubbio (in Italian). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
  16. ^ Castigli, Milena (30 July 2017). "Morto Ciro Cirillo: sequestrato dalle Br, venne rilasciato dopo oscure trattative". In Terris (in Italian). Retrieved 31 August 2023.
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