The city of Athens, capital of modern Greece, has had different sets of city walls from the Bronze Age to the early 19th century. The city walls of Athens include:

• the Mycenaean Cyclopean fortifications of the Acropolis of Athens
• the Pelasgic wall at the foot of the Acropolis
• the so-called "Archaic Wall", whose existence and course are debated by scholars^[1]
• the Themistoclean Wall, built in 479 BC, the main city wall during Antiquity, restored and rebuilt several times (under Conon, Demosthenes, Demetrios Poliorketes, etc.)
• the Long Walls, built in the 460s and 440s BC, connecting Athens with its ports at Piraeus and Phaleron
• the Protocheisma, a second wall built in front of the Themistoclean Wall in 338 BC as an extra defence against the Macedonians
• the Diateichisma, built in the 280s BC as a second line of defence against Macedonian-held Piraeus
• the Valerian Wall, built in c. 260 AD, partly along the lines of older walls, partly as a new fortification, to protect the city against barbarian attacks
• the Herulian (or Post-Herulian)^[2] Wall, a much smaller circuit built in c. 280 AD, enclosing the centre of the ancient city following its sack by the Heruli in 267 AD
• the Rizokastro, built in the 13th century around the Acropolis^[3]
• the Wall of Haseki, constructed in 1778 by the Ottoman governor of Athens, Hadji Ali Haseki