Claudine Gay
Gay in 2023
30th President of Harvard University
In office
July 1, 2023 – January 2, 2024
Preceded byLawrence Bacow
Succeeded byAlan Garber (interim)
Dean of the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences
In office
August 15, 2018 – June 30, 2023
Preceded byMichael Smith
Succeeded byEmma Dench (interim)
Personal details
Born1970 (age 53–54)
New York City, U.S.
SpouseChristopher Afendulis
Children1
RelativesRoxane Gay (cousin)
EducationPrinceton University
Stanford University (BA)
Harvard University (PhD)
Academic background
ThesisTaking Charge: Black Electoral Success and the Redefinition of American Policies (1997)
Doctoral advisorGary King[1]
Academic work
DisciplinePolitical science
InstitutionsStanford University (2000–2006)
Harvard University (2006–present)

Claudine Gay (born 1970)[2][3] is an American political scientist and academic administrator who is the Wilbur A. Cowett Professor of Government and of African and African-American Studies at Harvard. Gay's research addresses American political behavior, including voter turnout and politics of race and identity.[4]

From July 1, 2023, until January 2, 2024, Gay was the 30th president of Harvard University. She became the first Black president of Harvard[5] after having served as the dean of Social Sciences and the dean of the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences. In December 2023, Gay and two other university presidents faced pressure from the public[6][7] and from a Congressional committee to resign, over responses to antisemitism on their campuses.[8][9][10][11] Gay also faced accusations of plagiarism,[12][13] including a probe by the same committee.[14] The following month she resigned from the presidency.[15]

Early life and education

Gay grew up the child of Haitian immigrants who came to the United States and met in New York City as students. Her mother studied nursing and her father studied engineering.[16] Gay spent much of her childhood first in New York, and then in Saudi Arabia, where her father worked for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,[17] while her mother was a registered nurse.[17] She is a cousin of writer Roxane Gay[16] and her family in Haiti owns and runs the largest concrete plant in that country.[18]

Gay attended Phillips Exeter Academy, a private boarding school in Exeter, New Hampshire,[19] graduating in 1988.[20] She attended Princeton University for one year[20][21][22] before transferring to Stanford University, where she studied economics, graduating in 1992. She received the Anna Laura Myers Prize for an outstanding thesis in economics.[17] Gay earned her Ph.D. in 1998 from Harvard, where she won the university's Toppan Prize for the best dissertation in political science.[23]

Academic career

After graduating, Gay was an assistant professor, and later tenured associate professor, in Stanford's Department of Political Science from 2000 to 2006. In the 2003–2004 academic year, she was a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences.[17]

Gay's research addresses American political behavior, including voter turnout, housing policy, and the politics of race and identity.[4] She was recruited by Harvard to be a professor of government in 2006, and was appointed professor of African American studies in 2007.[24]

Administrative positions

In 2015, Gay was named the Dean of Social Sciences at the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS) and the Wilbur A. Cowett Professor of Government and of African and African-American Studies. In 2018, she was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences.[4]

As Dean of FAS, which oversees graduate and undergraduate studies, Gay outlined four primary concerns: increasing diversity among faculty, supporting students interested in interdisciplinary studies, encouraging interdepartmental collaboration among professors, and fostering faculty involvement in the university's community.[25]

Gay's priorities during her tenure as dean included anti-racism initiatives and increasing racial diversity on campus among students and faculty.[26][27] In August 2020, FAS hired its first Associate Dean of Diversity, Inclusion, and Belonging.[28] Following the June 2023 Supreme Court decision in Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard, which held that race-based affirmative action programs in college admissions were unconstitutional, Gay said that Harvard would "comply with the court's decision, but it does not change our values."[29]

During her deanship, Gay disciplined multiple Harvard professors for alleged sexual misconduct. She removed emeritus status from retired professors Jorge I. Domínguez and Gary Urton, and placed professors John Comaroff and Roland G. Fryer Jr. on leave, after they each faced accusations of sexual harassment.[30][31][32][33] Gay also sanctioned professor Martin Nowak for "unprofessional behavior" in his contacts with sex offender Jeffrey Epstein.[34]

Harvard Law School professor and Winthrop House faculty dean Ronald Sullivan faced student protests in spring 2019 after joining the legal defense team for Harvey Weinstein, who was on trial for rape.[35] Gay called Sullivan's response to the controversy "insufficient," citing his "special responsibility" as house dean for the well-being of Winthrop residents.[36] Harvard College Dean Rakesh Khurana decided not to renew Sullivan's contract as Winthrop dean,[37][38][39] a decision criticized by the American Civil Liberties Union.[40][41]

In 2019, Gay said that Harvard would seek to hire multiple ethnic studies professors,[42] hiring three in 2022.[43] After protests condemning Harvard's denial of tenure to Lorgia García Peña, a scholar of ethnic studies, Gay said in January 2020 that she would initiate a review of the FAS tenure process.[44] The review, released in October 2021, stated that Harvard's tenure process was largely "structurally sound," but also found "a lack of trust in, and a low morale, about the tenure process" among faculty.[45]

As dean, Gay oversaw the 2021 launch of a new billion-dollar Science and Engineering Complex on Harvard's Allston campus, including a PhD program in quantum engineering.[46]

Harvard faced educational and financial disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For fiscal year 2020, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences reported losses of $15.8 million.[47] In early 2021, Gay announced that the cost of the FAS's core academic commitments were greater than its revenues and began processes to reduce expenses.[48] At the end of that year, the FAS reported a surplus of $51 million, an increase from the projected deficit of $112 million.[49]

In addition to her positions at Harvard, Gay served as a vice president of the Midwest Political Science Association from 2014 to 2017[50] and a trustee of Phillips Exeter from 2017 to 2023.[19]

Harvard University presidency

In June 2022, Harvard University President Lawrence Bacow announced that he would resign from the post in one year. A search committee led by Penny Pritzker considered 600 nominees and selected Gay to succeed Bacow. On December 15, 2022, Harvard announced that Gay had been selected as the 30th president of Harvard University.[51][52] She took office on July 1, 2023, becoming the university's first Black president.[53][54]

On January 2, 2024, Gay announced she was resigning her position.[55] In an email to affiliates, Gay wrote, "it has been distressing to have doubt cast on my commitments to confronting hate and to upholding scholarly rigor – two bedrock values that are fundamental to who I am—and frightening[56] to be subjected to personal attacks and threats fueled by racial animus."[57] In an op-ed the following day, Gay wrote that she "made mistakes", but her invitation to testify before Congress about antisemitism was a "well-laid trap", and the campaign to oust her was "[a] skirmish in a broader war to unravel public faith in pillars of American society".[58][59][60]

Following Gay's resignation, Alan Garber, the provost of Harvard, was named interim president. Gay remained on the faculty at Harvard.[3][61]

Congressional hearing on antisemitism

After the October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel, Gay faced criticism, including from former Harvard President Lawrence Summers,[6][7] for failing to adequately condemn the attacks. In a December 2023 Congressional committee hearing, Gay and the presidents of MIT and the University of Pennsylvania were asked about institutional response to antisemitism on their campuses.[62] When asked if a hypothetical call for the genocide of Jewish people would qualify as a violation of Harvard's code of conduct, Gay responded, "It can be, depending on the context." She later clarified, "Antisemitic rhetoric, when it crosses into conduct that amounts to bullying, harassment, intimidation — that is actionable conduct and we do take action."[63]

Gay's remarks were broadly criticized in the media.[64] In response, Gay apologized[65][66] and said that some people "have confused a right to free expression with the idea that Harvard will condone calls for violence against Jewish students".[67][68] A letter signed by 70 Congressional Representatives called for all three presidents to resign.[69] Liz Magill had already been under pressure within the University of Pennsylvania, and resigned from the presidency the following week.[70]

On December 11, more than 700 of Harvard's 2,452 faculty members signed a letter opposing calls for Gay to be removed as university president.[71] The executive committee of Harvard's Alumni Association stated it "unanimously and unequivocally" supported Gay's leadership, praising her "for protecting academic freedom and the right of all students to voice their opinions".[72] On December 12, the board of the Harvard Corporation said they "unanimously" supported Gay's leadership, adding: "President Gay has apologized for how she handled her congressional testimony and has committed to redoubling the University's fight against antisemitism."[73]

Plagiarism investigations

Soon after the December congressional hearing, Gay was accused of plagiarism by conservative activist Christopher Rufo and journalist Aaron Sibarium,[12][74] and by an anonymous complaint.[13] As summarized by The New York Times, the allegations concerned "using material from other sources without proper attribution... [ranging] from brief snippets of technical definitions to paragraphs summing up other scholars' research that are only lightly paraphrased, and in some cases lack any direct citation of the other scholars."[13] The allegations totaled almost 50 instances spanning eight of Gay's academic works, including her dissertation and five of her 11 published articles.[75]

Harvard had been contacted by the New York Post in October 2023 for comment on a planned story about 27 "possible examples of plagiarism", and called the Post's allegations "demonstrably false", threatening to sue the newspaper for libel.[76]

In response, Gay said she stood behind the integrity of her work and requested an outside review of it.[77][76] The Harvard Corporation reported that the review found "a few instances of inadequate citation" and "duplicative language without appropriate attribution" in her work, but "no violation of Harvard's standards for research misconduct."[77][78][13] Analyses by The Harvard Crimson and CNN contested Harvard's statement, finding that Gay had likely violated the university's policies on plagiarism and academic integrity.[79][80][81] Gay requested seven corrections to add citations and quotation marks to her dissertation and two of her articles.[73][82][75] Academic Joseph Reagle opined that media reports that Gay "plagiarized", implied that she had stolen the central ideas in her work, saying "I don't think this is the case" but that the work "contain plagiarized prose. This is a lesser but still significant infraction."[83]

In response to the allegations, the Congressional committee that held the hearing on antisemitism said it would examine Gay's work, and asked the university to produce related communications and documentation.[84][14] The following month, Gay resigned from the university's presidency.[55]

Personal life

Gay is married to Christopher Afendulis, an information systems analyst at Stanford's Department of Health Research and Policy. They have a son.[85]

Selected publications

Scholia has an author profile for Claudine Gay.

References

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  79. ^ Quotes from The Harvard Crimson and CNN:
    • Hamid, Orakwue & Schisgall 2023, : "The Crimson independently reviewed the published allegations. Though some are minor — consisting of passages that are similar or identical to Gay’s sources, lacking quotation marks but including citations — others are more substantial, including some paragraphs and sentences nearly identical to other work and lacking citations. Some appear to violate Harvard’s current policies around plagiarism and academic integrity."
    • Steck 2023, : "Harvard President Claudine Gay recently requested corrections for two of her academic papers, but she did not address even clearer examples of plagiarism from earlier in her academic history at the school, according to a CNN analysis of her writings... Both offenses appear to go against Harvard’s guide on plagiarism, which clearly states, “it is considered plagiarism to draw any idea or any language from someone else without adequately crediting that source in your paper.”"
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External links

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