The gens Cluvia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, known from the later Republic, and early imperial times. The first member of the gens to achieve prominence was Gaius Cluvius Saxula, praetor in 175 and 173 BC.^[1]

Origin

The Cluvii were of Campanian origin. The earliest member of the family appearing in history was Faucula Cluvia, a courtesan at Capua during the Second Punic War.^[2][1]

Praenomina

The praenomina used by the Cluvii of the Republic included Gaius, Spurius, Marcus, Manius, and Aulus. Publius appears amongst the Cluvii of imperial times.

Branches and cognomina

The Cluvii do not appear to have been divided into distinct families. Individual members of the gens bore the personal cognomina Saxula, a diminutive of saxa, a rock, and Rufus, a common surname usually given to persons with red hair.^[3][4][1]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

• Faucula Cluvia, a Capuan courtesan at the time of the Second Punic War; she secretly provided food to the Roman prisoners, and when the city was captured, her liberty and property were restored by a special decree of the senate.^[2]
• Gaius Cluvius Saxula, praetor in 175 BC, and praetor peregrinus in 173.^[5]
• Spurius Cluvius, praetor in 172 BC, obtained Sardinia as his province.^[6]
• Gaius Cluvius, legate of Lucius Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia, in 168 BC.^[7]
• Gaius Cluvius, an eques, and a contemporary of Cicero, was judex in a suit between Gaius Fannius Chaerea and Quintus Flavius, heard around 76 BC.^[8]
• Publius Cluvius P. f. Gallus, a supporter of Pompey in Asia, mentioned by Josephus.^[9]
• Marcus Cluvius, a wealthy banker at Puteoli, was a friend of Cicero, to whom he bequeathed part of his property.^[10]
• Aulus Cluvius M'. f., one of the duumvirs at Puteoli, between 50 and 20 BC.^[11][12]
• Cluvia M'. f., probably the sister of Aulus Cluvius, the duumvir.^[13]
• Aulus Cluvius A. l. Nicia, a freedman of Aulus Cluvius, the duumvir.^{[11][14][13][12]}
• Manius Cluvius M'. l. Heliodorus, a freedman of Manius Cluvius, perhaps the father or brother of the duumvir.^[14]
• Gaius Cluvius, consul designatus in 29 BC, was unable to serve, as a different consul was appointed in his place. Nevertheless Augustus enrolled him among the ex-consuls in the senate during his censorship. He was probably the same Cluvius who had been appointed by Caesar to superintend the assignment of lands in Cisalpine Gaul in 45 BC, and who also seems to have been triumvir monetalis at some point.^[15][16][17]
• Aulus Cluvius Celer, one of the aediles in AD 31.^[18]
• Cluvius, consul suffectus in either AD 39 or 40.^[19]
• Marcus Cluvius Rufus, consul suffectus under Claudius, before AD 65, and governor of Hispania under the emperor Galba in AD 69. He subsequently joined the party of Otho, then Vitellius. He is probably the same person as the historian Cluvius Rufus.^{[20][21][22][23][24][25]}
• Gaius Marius Marcellus Octavius Publius Cluvius Rufus, consul suffectus in AD 80, served from the Kalends of May to the Kalends of July.^[26][27][28]
• Publius Cluvius Maximus Paullinus, consul suffectus circa AD 138.
• Publius Cluvius P. f. Maximus Paullinus, son of Paullinus, the consul of 138, was consul suffectus in AD 152.^[29][30]