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((Short description|Political party in Nepal))
((For|other communist parties in Nepal|List of communist parties in Nepal))
((Update|date=May 2018|part=former or inter-related parties|inaccurate=y))
((Infobox political party
| flag             = Flag of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).svg
| logo             = Logo of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre).png
| native_name      = नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)
| leader1_title    = Chairperson
| leader1_name     = [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
| leader2_title    = Senior Deputy Chairperson
| leader2_name     = [[Narayan Kaji Shrestha]]
| foundation       = 1994 as CPN (UC) ((small|(in parallel with original one))) <br/>  1996 as CPN (Maoist)<br />2009 as Unified CPN (Maoist)<br />2016 as CPN (Maoist Centre)<br />8 March 2021 ((small|(second iteration)))
| general_secretary = [[Dev Gurung]]
| ideology         = ((nowrap|[[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path]]<br>[[Left-wing nationalism]]))
| headquarters     = Perisdanda, [[Koteshwor]], [[Kathmandu]]
| international    = [[Revolutionary Internationalist Movement|RIM]] (defunct)<br>[[Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organisations of South Asia|CCMPOSA]]
| split            = [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)|CPN (Unity Centre)]]
| blank1_title     = Armed wing
| blank1           = [[People's Liberation Army, Nepal]] ((nowrap|((small|(dissolved after peace agreement)))))
| dissolved        = 17 May 2018 (first iteration)
| merged           = [[Nepal Communist Party]]<ref>((cite web|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/ncp-commits-to-social-justice-and-economic-prosperity-co-chairs-pm-oli-and-dahal/|title=NCP commits to social justice and economic prosperity : Co-chairs PM Oli and Dahal|date=17 May 2018|website=thehimalayantimes.com))</ref><ref name="thehimalayantimes.com">((cite web|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/uml-and-maoist-centre-to-form-nepal-communist-party-tomorrow/|title=UML and Maoist Centre to form Nepal Communist Party tomorrow|date=16 May 2018))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/world/asia/nepal-left-alliance-unifies-to-form-single-party201805170253490001/|title=Nepal: Left alliance unifies to form single party|website=www.aninews.in))</ref> (first iteration) ((small|(2018–2021)))
| country          = Nepal
| name             = Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
| slogan           = "Let us march ahead on the path of struggle towards establishing the people's rule by wrecking the reactionary ruling system of the state"
| position         = [[Far-left]]<ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1zNMAQAAIAAJ|title=Nepali Journal of Contemporary Studies|date=2007|publisher=Nepal Centre for Contemporary Studies|volume=7|pages=2|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite book|last=Sajjad|first=Tazreena|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oXqAAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA36|title=Transitional Justice in South Asia: A Study of Afghanistan and Nepal|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-98201-0|pages=36|language=en))</ref>
| affiliation1_title = Alliance
| affiliation1     = [[Socialist Front (Nepal)|Samajbadi Morcha]]<ref>((cite web | url=https://kathmandupost.com/politics/2023/06/19/socialist-front-comprising-four-leftist-parties-announced | title=Socialist Front comprising four leftist parties announced ))</ref>
| seats1_title     = [[Election Commission (Nepal)|ECN]] Status
| seats1           = [[List of political parties in Nepal#National parties|National Party]]
| seats2_title     = [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]
| seats2           = ((Composition bar|30|275|hex=#8B0000))
| seats3_title     = [[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]]
| seats3           = ((Composition bar|15|59|hex=#8B0000))
| seats4_title     = [[Provincial Assembly (Nepal)|Provincial Assemblies]]
| seats4           = ((Composition bar|82|550|hex=#8B0000))
| seats5_title     = [[Chief minister (Nepal)|Chief Ministers]]
| seats5           = ((composition bar|2|7|hex=#8B0000))
| seats6_title     = [[List of mayors of municipalities in Nepal|Mayors]]/[[List of chairpersons of rural municipalities in Nepal|Chairs]]
| seats6           = ((composition bar|121|753|hex=#8B0000))
| seats7_title     = [[Local government in Nepal|Councillors]]
| seats7           = ((composition bar|5044|35011|hex=#8B0000))
| symbol           = [[File:Nepalese Election Symbol Hammer and sickle.svg|100px]]
| logo_size        = 180px
| colorcode        = #8B0000
| website = ((URL|https://cpnmc.org))
))
((communism in Nepal))
((Maoism sidebar))
The '''Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)''' (((Lang-ne|नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)))), abbreviated '''CPN (Maoist Centre)''', '''CPN-Maoist Centre''', '''CPN Maoist Centre''', or '''CPN (MC)''', is the third largest [[List of political parties in Nepal|political party in Nepal]] and a member party of [[Samajbadi Morcha, Nepal|Samajbadi Morcha]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Socialist Front comprising four leftist parties announced |url=http://kathmandupost.com/politics/2023/06/19/socialist-front-comprising-four-leftist-parties-announced |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English))</ref> It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)]]. The party launched an [[Nepalese Civil War|armed struggle]] in 1996 against the [[Government of Nepal|Nepalese government]]. In 2006, the party formally joined mainstream politics after signing a [[Comprehensive Peace Accord|peace agreement]] following the [[2006 Nepalese revolution]].<ref>((Cite web |date=2006-11-22 |title=Nepal govt, Maoists sign accord to end civil war |url=http://beta.dawn.com/news/219985/nepal-govt-maoists-sign-accord-to-end-civil-war |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en))</ref>

[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] has served as the leader of the party since its foundation. The party holds 32 seats in the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]] making them the third largest parliamentary group. Dahal is also currently serving as [[Prime Minister of Nepal]] as part of a [[Dahal cabinet, 2022|ruling coalition]] following the [[2022 Nepalese general election|2022 general election]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Dahal sworn in as prime minister |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2022/12/26/dahal-sworn-in-as-prime-minister |access-date=2023-01-01 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English))</ref> The party has also led three previous governments; in [[First Dahal cabinet|2008]] and [[Second Dahal cabinet|2016]] under [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal|Dahal]], and in [[Bhattarai cabinet|2013]] under [[Baburam Bhattarai]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/16/world/asia/16nepal.html|title=Nepal Elects a Maoist to Be the Prime Minister|last1=Pokharel|first1=Tilak|date=2008-08-15|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-06-26|last2=Sengupta|first2=Somini|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/Prachanda-is-new-Nepal-PM/article14549333.ece|title=Prachanda is new Nepal PM|last=PTI|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-06-26|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-14700892|title=Baburam Bhattarai elected prime minister of Nepal|date=2011-08-28|work=BBC News|access-date=2017-06-26|language=en-GB))</ref>

The party was formed in 1994 with same name as its parent party [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)]] and was named as the '''Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)''' in 1996. After the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal)]] and its electoral front, [[Janamorcha Nepal]] merged with the party in 2009, the unified party came to be known as the '''Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)'''. The party emerged in its current state in 2016 following the unification of various splinter groups with the party.<ref>((cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90777/90851/6573327.html|title=Nepali leading CPN-M unified with minor communist party – People's Daily Online|access-date=25 February 2015))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-05-19/ten-maoist-parties-merge-to-form-cpn-maoist-centre.html|title=Ten Maoist parties merge to form CPN Maoist Centre|access-date=2017-06-26|language=en))</ref>

The party was dissolved on 17 May 2018, after merging with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]] to create the [[Nepal Communist Party]] but was revived on 8 March 2021 following a [[Supreme Court of Nepal|Supreme Court]] ruling in favor of [[Rishi Kattel]], who had claimed the [[Communist Party of Nepal (2013)|Nepal Communist Party]] name.<ref name=":6">((Cite web|title=Nepal's 2 major parties merge to form Nepal Communist Party – Xinhua ((!)) English.news.cn|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-05/18/c_137187121.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517205814/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-05/18/c_137187121.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 17, 2018|access-date=2020-12-24|website=www.xinhuanet.com))</ref><ref name="abi">((cite web |last1=Ghimire |first1=Yubaraj |date=8 March 2021 |title=Nepal top court quashes 2018 formation of ruling Nepal Communist Party |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/world/nepal-top-court-quashes-2018-formation-of-ruling-nepal-communist-party-7218809/ |access-date=8 March 2021 |website=The Indian Express))</ref> The party claimed to have 750,000 members as of December 2021, making them the third largest party in Nepal by membership.<ref name="members">((Cite news |last=Adhikari |first=Ashok |date=8 December 2021 |title=जनाधार बलियो बनाउँदै दल |trans-title=Parties strengthening base |pages=1 |work=Gorkhapatra |location=Nepal |type= |url=https://beta.gorkhapatraonline.com/viewer?file=https://beta.gorkhapatraonline.com/ArchiveNewsFile/61aff9d050832_gopa_pdf.pdf |access-date=11 December 2022))</ref>

== History ==
=== Founding, 1994–1996 ===
The party was formed in 1994 following a split in the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre)]] into two factions, one led by [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] and the other led Nirmal Lama. The electoral front of the party, the [[United People's Front of Nepal]], also split and the faction led by [[Baburam Bhattarai]] allied with the [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] led Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre). The two [[United People's Front of Nepal]] decided to register itself with the [[Election Commission, Nepal|Election Commission]], but the commission only recognized the Nirmal Lama backed party. [[Baburam Bhattarai]] responded by calling for a boycott of the [[1994 Nepalese legislative election|1994 mid-term elections]].<ref name=":0">((Cite book|title=A kingdom under siege : Nepal's Maoist insurgency, 1996 to 2003|last=Bandita.|first=Sijapati|date=2004|publisher=The Printhouse|isbn=1842775715|oclc=60697742))</ref>

=== Preparations for struggle, 1995–1996 ===
The Unity Centre led by [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] went completely underground after the split to begin preparations for its next phase of struggle. The party held its Third Plenum in March 1995, where the party renamed itself to the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). It also decided that the for "the true liberation of the people, all efforts must be concentrated for the development of a people's war that would usher in the new people's democratic form of government" and officially decided to give up its policy of taking part in parliamentary elections.<ref name=":0" />

The March meeting was followed by six months of preparations to recast the old organizational structure into a fighting machine, and in September 1995, the 'Plan for the Historic Initiation of the People's War' was adopted by the Central Committee of the party. There then began a series of public meetings all over the country under the aegis of the [[United People's Front of Nepal]] as part of the final politico-ideological preparation. The party launched the 'Sija campaign' in [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]] and [[Rukum District|Rukum]], named after the [[Sisne]] and [[Jaljala, Dhaulagiri|Jaljala]] mountains in the two districts, to propagate the ideology of [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism]].<ref name=":0" />

In October 1995, during the Sija campaign, a fight broke out between supporters of the [[United People's Front of Nepal]] and other parties, mainly the [[Nepali Congress]] and the [[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]], at a village in the eastern part of [[Rukum District|Rukum]]. The newly formed government under [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] moved swiftly to arrest the UPFN supporters, accusing them of creating public disorder. The police then launched '[[Operation Romeo (Nepal)|Operation Romeo]]' in November 1995. Officially, Operation Romeo was labeled as an operation to control a rise in criminal activities in [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]]. Operation Romeo resulted in gross violations of human rights, including the [[arbitrary arrest and detention]] of hundreds of members of left-of-center parties, rapes, executions and “disappearances.”<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/2004/nepal1004/2.htm|title=Nepal: Between a Rock and a Hard Place: II. Background|website=www.hrw.org|access-date=2017-06-26))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6a9f320.html|title=Refworld ((!)) Amnesty International Report 1998 – Nepal|last=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|work=Refworld|access-date=2017-06-26|language=en))</ref> In the light of this action, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the party met briefly in January 1996 and made the final decision on the historic initiation of the '[[Nepalese Civil War|People's War]]' for 13 February 1996.<ref name=":0" />

On 4 February 1996, [[Baburam Bhattarai]] led a three-member delegation of the [[United People's Front of Nepal]] to present a memorandum to Prime Minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]. The memorandum warned that unless the government took initiative to fulfill their 40-point demands by 17 February the [[United People's Front of Nepal|UFPN]] would launch an armed revolution.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/nepal/document/papers/40points.htm|title=40 Point Demand|website=www.satp.org|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref>

=== People's war, 1996–2001 ===
((See also|Nepalese Civil War))
On 13 February 1996, after Prime Minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] had left for a state visit to India two days before, the office of the Small Farmer's Development Programme run by the Agricultural Development Bank was overrun in [[Gorkha District|Gorkha district]] and the loan papers were destroyed. This was followed in the evening by attacks on police posts in [[Aathbis Kot|Aathbiskot]]-Rari in [[Rukum District|Rukum]], Holeri in [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]] and [[Sindhuli Gadhi|Sindhuligadhi]] in [[Sindhuli]]. The '[[Nepalese Civil War|People's War]]' was formally launched.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite web|url=http://nepalitimes.com/news.php?id=3203|title=Insurgency timeline|last=Nepal|first=Kiran|date=23 May 2003|website=Nepali Times|access-date=26 June 2017))</ref>

[[Image:Nepal maoist valley.jpg|thumb|220px|left|Rit Bahadur Khadka (Pratap) Memorial Gate]]
After the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]] came into government in 1997, violence between both sides stopped but the issue could not be resolved. The government formed a taskforce to look into the 'Maoist Activities and a Search for Solutions' in April 1997 under [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]] [[Member of parliament|MP]] [[Prem Singh Dhami]] but the commission report was ultimately shelved in August of the same year. A local election was called in May 1997, but polls could not be held in 87 [[Village development committee (Nepal)|village development committees]] due to intimidation by the Maoists. The government in response attempted to introduce the Terrorist and Destructive Activities (Control and Punishment) Act in July 1997 at the initiative of deputy prime minister and home minister [[Bam Dev Gautam]]. The act would give the police wide-ranging powers against perceived 'terrorists'. But the government was forced to backtrack on the law before it was placed in front of the parliament owing to mass protests from the civil society, the media, and international organizations.<ref name=":0" />

On 13 February 1998, the second anniversary of the 'people's war', the Maoists announced the existence of a Central Military Commission under [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal|Prachanda]]. By May 1998, 51 village development committees in Rolpa district and western Nepal were under Maoist control and they were operating a parallel administration called the 'People's Government'. When the new [[Prime Minister of Nepal|Prime Minister]] [[Girija Prasad Koirala]] went on tour of the Maoist influenced area he realized that the situation was getting out of hand. After an attack on [[Kalikatar]] in [[Tanahun District|Tanahun]], the home district of the home minister, [[Govinda Raj Joshi]], the state launched a moved swiftly and launched the 'Kilo Serra II'. The operation was meant to be a 'search and kill' operation to prevent Maoist movement from gaining strength. Unlike Operation Romeo, which was concentrated on the western hills, 'Kilo Serra Two' was spread out across all the Maoist controlled regions of the country. From mid-1998 an unprecedented number of Maoists and their supporters—as well as civilians caught in the middle—were killed. Almost five hundred people were killed under 'Kilo Serra Two'.<ref name=":0" />

During the [[1999 Nepalese legislative election|elections in 1999]], the Maoists simply called for a boycott and did not disrupt the polls. In December 1999, the [[Krishna Prasad Bhattarai]] government formed the 'High-Level Committee to Provide Suggestions to Solve the Maoist Problem' under [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]], and two months later authorised it to hold talks with the Maoists. Contact was established with the Maoist leadership, and the response was positive. A letter by [[Prachanda]] to a government intermediary stated that three minimum conditions need to fulfilled before any high level negotiations and that they would cease all operations during this time. The conditions were, reveal the whereabouts of a central committee member of the CPN-Maoist along with others who had 'disappeared', initiate moves to release arrested workers and sympathizers; and end [[state terrorism]] and begin process to investigate the incident of arson and killing in [[Rukum District|Rukum district]]. After [[Krishna Prasad Bhattarai]] resigned and was replaced by [[Girija Prasad Koirala]], the new prime minister declared: 'The first priority of the government will be to restore law and order in the country to protect lives of the people.'<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2000/mar/19/news/mn-10458|title=Lawmakers of Ruling Party Choose Nepal's New Premier|agency=Associated Press|date=2000-03-19|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en-US|issn=0458-3035))</ref>

Following this an 'Armed Nepal Bandh' was announced for 6 April 2000 and attacks on the police resumed. In late September, the Maoists overran [[Dunai, Nepal|Dunai]], the district headquarters of [[Dolpa District|Dolpa]]. Following this attack the Royal Nepal Army was mobilized for security duty in 16 districts.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.southasiaanalysis.org/note116|title=NEPAL:update No.7- The Maoists make a devastating attack at Dolpa: ((!)) South Asia Analysis Group|website=www.southasiaanalysis.org|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> The army could not be brought to the fight against the Maoists however due to disagreements between the [[Prime Minister of Nepal|Prime Minister]] and the [[King of Nepal]], the supreme commander of the Royal Nepal Army.<ref name=":0" />

[[Girija Prasad Koirala]] came in contact with the Maoist leadership during this time and the deputy prime minister, [[Ram Chandra Poudel|Ram Chandra Paudel]], met with a Central Committee member of the CPN-Maoist. The breakthrough came to be a naught in the end as the government released a top Maoist leader after having him renounce his party at a press conference. In February 2001, informal talks with the government and the Maoists almost began but the Maoists backed out, asking for a postponement. Then on February 26, they announced that they had just conducted their second national conference and [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] was elected chairman. Furthermore, it was announced that the guiding ideology of the party will become [[Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path]].<ref name=":0" />

In March 2001, the government published the names of 294 individuals who were in police custody charged with being sympathizers and members of the CPN-Maoist. Then in early April 2001, without any warnings, the Maoists carried out devastating attacks in police posts in [[Rukum District|Rukum]] and [[Dailekh District|Dailekh]] districts within a week of each other, killing 70 policemen. The Maoists also announced that no negotiations would be held with the government until [[Girija Prasad Koirala]] stepped down. On 7 July 2001, the birthday of the new king [[Gyanendra of Nepal|Gyanendra]], 41 policemen were killed by the Maoists in [[Gulmi District|Gulmi]], [[Lamjung District|Lamjung]] and [[Nuwakot District|Nuwakot]] districts.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/south/07/07/nepal.rebel/index.html|title=CNN.com – Rebels kill scores in Nepal police attacks – July 7, 2001|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> Later that month, they attacked a police post in Rolpa and took 69 policemen hostage. The Koirala government immediately mobilized the army but when the soldiers failed to engage with the Maoists, Koirala resigned as [[Prime Minister of Nepal|Prime Minister]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/jul/20/nepal|title=Nepal drums out its prime minister|last1=Harding|first1=Luke|date=2001-07-19|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-07-04|last2=correspondent|first2=South Asia|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077))</ref> [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] followed him as prime minister and immediately announced a ceasefire, which was reciprocated by the Maoist side with a ceasefire of their own.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1453214.stm|title=BBC News ((!)) SOUTH ASIA ((!)) Nepal truce raises peace hopes|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|date=2001-07-23))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/nepal/1335136/Rebels-agree-to-Nepal-ceasefire.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/nepal/1335136/Rebels-agree-to-Nepal-ceasefire.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Rebels agree to Nepal ceasefire|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))((cbignore))</ref>

[[File:Maoist rebels on a hill in Nepal.jpg|left|thumb|200x200px|People's Liberation Army members in Rolpa]]

=== People's Liberation Army, 2001–2002 ===
((See also|People's Liberation Army, Nepal))

In mid-August 2001, a meeting between the mainstream [[List of communist parties in Nepal|communist parties]] and the CPN-Maoist was arranged by the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Masal) (historical)|Communist Party of Nepal (Masal)]] near [[Siliguri]], but nothing significant emerged from this meeting since Prachanda's request for support on the Maoist call for a [[republic]] was turned down.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://nepalitimes.com/news.php?id=7489|title=Trust no one.|website=nepalitimes.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> The first official meeting between the government and the Maoists were held on August 30, 2001, led by deputy prime minister Chiranjibi Wagle and [[Krishna Bahadur Mahara]] from the Maoist side.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/south/08/27/nepal.talks/index.html|title=CNN.com – Nepal set for talks with Maoists – August 27, 2001|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> Nothing substantial happened during this meeting except for mutual commitment to hold talks again.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/30/nepal.talks/index.html|title=CNN.com – Nepal government, rebels to hold peace talks – August 30, 2001|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> Two weeks later, the second was held in western Nepal and the Maoists placed a full range of demand on the table. These demands were of three categories. The first was calls for a [[constituent assembly]], an interim government and a republic. The second dealt with treaties with India and policies regarding India. The third was going public with details of arrested Maoists and a rollback of police operations.<ref name=":0" />

The parliament passed the Armed Police Force Act, 2001 in August 2001 for the formation of an Armed Police Force to counter the Maoists as the Royal Nepal Army could only be mobilized by the king, who was the supreme commander of the army.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://policehumanrightsresources.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Armed-Police-Force-Act-Nepal-2001.pdf|title=Armed Police Force Act Nepal, 2058 (2001)|access-date=2017-07-04|archive-date=2018-01-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180113202943/http://policehumanrightsresources.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Armed-Police-Force-Act-Nepal-2001.pdf|url-status=dead))</ref> In September 2001, the 'people's army' was restructured into the '[[People's Liberation Army, Nepal|People's Liberation Army]]' and was under the supreme command of [[Prachanda]].<ref>((Cite web|url=http://revcom.us/a/1230/nepal.htm|title=Nepal: Revolution at the Top of the World|website=revcom.us|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> The PLA consisted of the bulk of the Maoist [[Guerrilla warfare|guerrilla]] fighting force, which was estimated anywhere between 5,000 and 10,000 strong. The Maoists also had a [[militia]], who were assigned guard duty in Maoist-controlled [[Village development committee (Nepal)|village development committees]].<ref name=":0" />

Before the third round of talks were going to held, the government scrapped the Public Security Regulations and freed 68 prisoners, while the Maoist side gave up their calls for a republic and an interim government. The third round of talks were held on 13 November 2001 but was inconclusive as demands for a constituent assembly was rejected by the government, a call backed by other political parties.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/south/11/14/nepal.peace/index.html|title=CNN.com – Nepal moves towards peace – November 14, 2001|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref>

The Maoists ended the four month-long ceasefire on 23 November 2001 by attacking government and private installations throughout the country after a statement two days earlier by [[Prachanda]] which signaled that talks were about to break down.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/asiapcf/south/11/22/nepal.ceasefire/index.html|title=CNN.com – Nepal, Maoist cease-fire on shaky ground – November 22, 2001|last=Pradhan|first=Suman|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> The Maoists also attacked army barracks for the first time. The Maoists attacked [[Ghorahi]] in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang]] and briefly took control of the district headquarters. They killed more than two dozen police and army personnel, blew up government offices, freed prisoners from the local jail and stole [[Nepalese rupee|NPR]] 64.8 million worth of gold and silver from local banks. This coincided with attacks all over the country the most serious of which was in [[Syangja District|Syangja]] where 14 policemen were killed.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2001/11/24/Nepals-Maoists-end-truce-kill-50-troops/74061006625414/|title=Nepal's Maoists end truce, kill 50 troops|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref> This was followed two days later by an attack on the headquarters and army barracks in [[Solukhumbu District]]. The attack on the headquarters was unsuccessful but they made out with a substantial amount of ammunition and sophisticated weapons from their attack on the army barracks. The party also announced the formation of a 37-member United Revolutionary People's Council of Nepal and was headed by Baburam Bhattarai.<ref name=":0" />

Following this the prime minister, Sher Bahadur Deuba, imposed a state of emergency and promulgated an anti-terrorist ordinance that labeled the CPN (Maoist) a terrorist organization.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2001/11/26/Nepal-may-impose-state-of-emergency/46591006760568/|title=Nepal may impose state of emergency|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref> After failure to increase the time period for the state of emergency, King Gyanendra on the recommendation of the prime minister dissolved the parliament in May 2002 and buoyed by the success against the Maoist insurgents,<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2001/12/09/60-Maoist-rebels-killed-in-Nepal/64301007916614/|title=60 Maoist rebels killed in Nepal|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2002/05/09/400-killed-in-Nepals-Maoist-violence/95531020938467/|title=400 killed in Nepal's Maoist violence|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2002/02/25/Nepalese-troops-kill-85-Maoist-rebels/43301014651693/|title=Nepalese troops kill 85 Maoist rebels|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2002/02/23/Nepalese-troops-kill-37-Maoist-rebels/10151014491455/|title=Nepalese troops kill 37 Maoist rebels|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref> decided to call for elections in November of the same year.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1394997/Nepal-king-dissolves-parliament.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1394997/Nepal-king-dissolves-parliament.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Nepal king dissolves parliament|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))((cbignore))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2003085.stm|title=Nepal parliament dissolved|date=2002-05-22|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> But following a surprise attack in [[Sandhikharka]] in [[Arghakhanchi District]] which killed 65 security personnel,<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.nepalnews.com.np/contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2002/sep/sep10/index.htm|title=Headline News The Kathmandu Post (Nepal)|date=2002-11-04|work=archive.li|access-date=2017-07-04|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20021104011033/http://www.nepalnews.com.np/contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2002/sep/sep10/index.htm|archive-date=2002-11-04))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/south/09/08/nepal.attack/|title=CNN.com – Nepal Maoists launch fresh attack – September 9, 2002|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> the prime minister asked for more time to conduct the polls. The king promptly removed Deuba in October 2002 for his 'incompetence' and assumed the country's executive authority.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Defense-News/2002/10/06/Nepal-political-crisis-deepens/73591033919164/|title=Nepal political crisis deepens|work=UPI|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/nepal/1409319/Nepal-in-turmoil-as-king-sacks-prime-minister.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/nepal/1409319/Nepal-in-turmoil-as-king-sacks-prime-minister.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Nepal in turmoil as king sacks prime minister|last=Kathmandu|first=K M Singh in|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))((cbignore))</ref>

=== King's rule, 2002–2006 ===
[[File:Baburam and prachanda.jpg|thumb|From left to right: [[Baburam Bhattarai]], [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]], [[Mohan Baidya]], [[Narayan Kaji Shrestha]]]]
On 26 January 2003, the Maoists killed the Inspector General of the [[Armed Police Force (Nepal)|Armed Police Force]], Krishna Mohan Shrestha, his wife and a bodyguard during a morning walk.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2003/jan/27/nepal|title=Nepal's police chief gunned down|last1=Harding|first1=Luke|date=2003-01-26|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-07-04|last2=correspondent|first2=South Asia|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077))</ref> After the government decided to retract the terrorist label, bounties and a red corner notice against the Maoists, another ceasefire was announced on 29 January 2003.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-a-2003-01-29-24-nepal-s-66831697/374920.html|title=Nepal's Maoist Rebels, Government Agree to Cease-Fire – 2003-01-29|work=VOA|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))</ref> The peace talks between the government and the Maoists resumed on 27 April 2003, led by deputy prime minister Badri Prasad Mandal and Baburam Bhattarai from the Maoists.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/2979679.stm|title=BBC NEWS ((!)) South Asia ((!)) Nepal peace talks 'cordial'|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|date=2003-04-27))</ref> Another round of talks were held on 10 May 2003, following which the government decided to restrict army movement to five kilometres from their barracks, forming a code of conduct during the ceasefire and releasing some top Maoist leaders.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://archives.dailynews.lk/2003/05/08/wor02.html|title=Online edition of Daily News – World|website=archives.dailynews.lk|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2003-05-10/nepalese-govt-maoist-rebels-in-new-talks/1851254|title=Nepalese Govt, Maoist rebels in new talks|date=2003-05-10|work=ABC News|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en-AU))</ref> After the government released key members of the Maoist party the third round of talks finally began on 17 August 2003.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1439106/Nepal-starts-peace-talks-with-Maoist-rebels.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1439106/Nepal-starts-peace-talks-with-Maoist-rebels.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Nepal starts peace talks with Maoist rebels|work=Telegraph.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en))((cbignore))</ref> The ceasefire was broken on 27 August 2003 by Prachanda, after the two groups could not agree on the formation of a constituent assembly.<ref name=":0" /><ref>((Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3184293.stm|title=BBC NEWS ((!)) South Asia ((!)) Nepal ceasefire collapses|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2017-07-04|date=2003-08-27))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/south/08/27/nepal.peace/|title=CNN.com – Nepal cease-fire collapses – Aug. 27, 2003|last=Pradhan|first=Journalist Suman|website=edition.cnn.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref>

Although there were intermittent ceasefires, fighting was roughly continuous through 2005. In 2005, the CPN (Maoist) sought a different strategy of seeking permanent peace accords while forming a pro-democratic alliance with several other mainstream political parties in opposition to the [[monarchical]] [[dictatorship]] of [[King Gyanendra]].<ref name="autogenerated1">((cite web|url=http://www.newleftreview.org/?page=article&view=2707|title=Achin Vanaik: The New Himalayan Republic. New Left Review 49, January–February 2008.|access-date=17 July 2015))</ref> Following massive popular uprisings and protests (some involving over a million people), a prolonged [[general strike]] in 2006, and several violent clashes between protesters and the Nepalese Army, the monarchy finally capitulated.<ref name="autogenerated1" /> The CPN (Maoist) gained international legitimacy as they agreed to lay down arms and participate in the new electoral process.  In the aftermath of the conflict, several [[western Europe]]an powers removed the CPN (Maoist) from their government's [[:wikt:watch list|terrorist list]]s, ((Citation needed|date=November 2009)). In 2012, the US State Department followed suit and delisted the CPN (Maoist) as a "terrorist organization", citing the party's "...credible commitment to pursuing peace and reconciliation...".<ref>"Delisting of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)", http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/09/197411.htm, ''www.state.gov,'' retrieved 20 September 2012</ref>

=== Comprehensive Peace Accord, 2006–2008 ===
After waging the [[Nepalese Civil War|Civil War]] for ten years, the CPN (Maoist) sat down for peace talks after the success of the People's Movement in 2002/03. The [[Prachanda#Twelve point agreement|Twelve-Point Agreement]] reached between the then [[Seven Party Alliance|seven-party alliance]] and the Maoist rebels in Delhi created a path for peaceful agitation against the direct rule of the king and to end autocracy in Nepal. The civil war conducted by the CPN (Maoist) created the foundation for the establishment of a republic in Nepal. It also created political consciousness among the people at the grassroots level and, to some extent, awareness of the need for national socio-economic transformation.

After the declaration of the king to reinstate the [[Parliament of Nepal|parliament]], the CPN (Maoist) insisted that the declaration was a betrayal to the people. Instead the king should bring down his institution for his deeds. But there was no hearing from the other parties in the alliance. Maoist chairman Prachanda appeared at the prime minister's residence, [[Baluwatar, Kathmandu|Baluwatar]] for the peace talk and said that he was there to establish a new kind of democracy in Nepal, but he didn't reveal details.

After the peace talks held between the CPN (Maoist) and the Government of Nepal, the Maoist rebels were ready to put an end to the ten-year-long Civil War. Signing the [[Comprehensive Peace Accord]], Maoist chairman Prachanda said that the Civil War had come to an end and a new revolution was to be waged by the reinstated parliament. The peace accord was signed on September 21, 2006, ending the Maoist revolution. However, Prachanda was able to provide legacy to the 19,000-member People's Liberation Army that was kept in the cantonment under the supervision of the [[United Nations Mission in Nepal]] (UNMIN).

The interim constitution of Nepal 2063, gave a constitutional position to these Maoist [[Cadre (politics)|cadres]]. There was a provision for providing monthly allowance for the Maoist armies staying at the [[cantonment]]. The Maoist leaders believe that the revolution has not ended here but only the form of struggle was changed.((Citation needed|date=December 2010))

=== First Constituent Assembly, 2008–2012 ===
In the [[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008 Constituent Assembly elections]], the CPN (Maoist) won 220 seats and an additional 9 members were nominated from the party giving them a strength of 229 seats and making them the largest party in the [[1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly|1st Constituent Assembly]].<ref>((Cite web|title=Maoists vow to end Nepal's monarchy|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2008/8/15/maoists-vow-to-end-nepals-monarchy|access-date=2020-12-24|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en))</ref> Despite accusations of fraud from older parties like the Nepali Congress and [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist)]], international observers reported that the elections were held in a peaceful, orderly manner and were satisfying.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.nepalnews.com/archive/2008/apr/apr10/news04.php|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081122021005/http://www.nepalnews.com/archive/2008/apr/apr10/news04.php|url-status=dead|title=Nepalnews.com Mercantile Communications Pvt. Ltd<!-- Bot generated title -->|archivedate=November 22, 2008))</ref> The Maoists did not have a majority to form the government and had to form a coalition with [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist)]] and [[Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal|Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum, Nepal]]. Chairman of the party, [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] was elected prime minister after getting 464 out of 577 votes against Nepali Congress candidate [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]].<ref>((Cite news|last=Sharma|first=Gopal|date=2008-08-15|title=Maoist chief Prachanda elected as Nepal's new PM|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-35022820080815|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref> As the first proposal of the first meeting of this Constituent Assembly received full support, it was declared that the monarchy of Nepal has ended forever and the monarchy that has been in power for 240 years has been formally ended and Nepal has become a federal democratic republic.


On 13 January 2009 the party merged with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal)|CPN (Unity Centre–Masal)]] to form the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).<ref>((Cite web|title=Nepali leading CPN-M unified with minor communist party – People's Daily Online|url=http://en.people.cn/90001/90777/90851/6573327.html|access-date=2020-12-24|website=en.people.cn|archive-date=2017-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109082703/http://en.people.cn/90001/90777/90851/6573327.html|url-status=dead))</ref> The election front of CPN (Unity Centre–Masal), [[Janamorcha Nepal]] also merged into the party and with its 8 seats took the Maoists' total strength to 237 in the Constituent Assembly. The Maoist government fell after its coalition partners withdrew support from the government after Dahal tried to sack the army chief, [[Rookmangud Katawal|Rookmangud Katuwal]].<ref>((Cite news|date=2009-05-03|title=Nepal communists quit in protest|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8031622.stm|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref> President Ram Baran Yadav rejected Dahal's proposal to sack the army chief and he resigned on 4 May 2009.<ref>((Cite web|date=2009-05-04|title=Nepal's Maoist prime minister resigns after clash with president|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/04/nepal-maoists-army-chief-president-maseeh-rahman|access-date=2020-12-24|website=the Guardian|language=en))</ref> After the Maoist government fell, a faction under [[Matrika Prasad Yadav]] split from the party and reformed the former CPN (Maoist). [[Matrika Prasad Yadav]] and Jagat Prasad Yadav also resigned from the Constituent Assembly and were replaced from among the party list.<ref name=":1">((Cite web|title=संबिधानसभाकाे सदस्य रिक्त भएकाे सूचना|url=http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=21134|access-date=2020-12-13|website=rajpatra.dop.gov.np|archive-date=2022-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304061741/http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=21134|url-status=dead))</ref>

In February 2011 the Maoists formed a coalition with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist)]] and formed a government under UML's Jhala Nath Khanal.<ref>((Cite news|last=Jha|first=Prashant|date=2011-02-06|title=Khanal sworn in Nepal's Premier|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/Khanal-sworn-in-Nepals-Premier/article15130702.ece|access-date=2020-12-24|issn=0971-751X))</ref> The government could not agree a deal to complete the integration of former Maoist combatants and Khanal resigned on 15 August 2011 to pave the way for a formation of a national consensus government.<ref>((Cite news|author=Manesh Shrestha |title=Nepal's prime minister resigns|language=en|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/asiapcf/08/14/nepal.pm.resigns/|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref> Almost two weeks later, [[Baburam Bhattarai]] was elected prime minister defeating [[Ram Chandra Poudel|Ram Chandra Paudel]] from the [[Nepali Congress]] 340–235. The government under Bhattarai was able to get finalize a deal to integrate the former Maoist guerrillas and a deal was signed with all major parties on 1 November 2011. Hardliner factions inside the party, like party vice-chairman [[Mohan Baidya]], were however unsatisfied with the decision.<ref>((Cite news|date=2011-11-01|title=Nepal parties agree final part of landmark peace deal|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-15542959|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref>

The government however failed to agree a consensus on the drafting of the new constitution and on 28 May 2012, [[Baburam Bhattarai]] requested President [[Ram Baran Yadav]] to dissolve the [[1st Nepalese Constituent Assembly|Constituent Assembly]] and call for fresh elections.<ref>((Cite news|last1=Chapagain|first1=Kiran|last2=Yardley|first2=Jim|date=2012-05-28|title=Legislature in Nepal Disbands in Failure (Published 2012)|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/28/world/asia/nepal-disbands-legislature-as-talks-on-constitution-fail.html|access-date=2020-12-24|issn=0362-4331))</ref> On 18 June 2012, party vice-chairman Mohan Baidya split the party and formed the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)|Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist]]. He accused the party of being filled with opportunists and the leadership of destroying the achievements of the [[Nepalese Civil War|People's War]]. He also termed accepting the line of "[[democratic republic]]" in 2005 and signing the [[Comprehensive Peace Accord]] in 2006 as major mistakes by the Maoist leadership.<ref>((Cite news|last=Jha|first=Prashant|date=2012-06-18|title=Nepal's Maoists split; Kiran faction walks away|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/nepals-maoists-split-kiran-faction-walks-away/article3544011.ece|access-date=2020-12-24|issn=0971-751X))</ref> Baburam Bhattrai resigned as prime minister and on 14 March 2013, [[Chief Justice of Nepal|Chief Justice]] [[Khil Raj Regmi]] was appointed as an interim prime minister to hold the elections.<ref>((Cite web|date=2013-03-14|title=How Nepal has come to be ruled by its chief justice|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world/how-nepal-has-come-to-be-ruled-by-its-chief-justice/story-mWDCX9dlq6B7yUMyTov38H.html|access-date=2020-12-24|website=Hindustan Times|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|last=Sharma|first=Gopal|date=2013-03-13|title=Chief justice to lead Nepal's interim government to elections|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nepal-politics-government-idUSBRE92C1BL20130313|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref>[[File:UCPN (Maoist) 7th General Convention Nepal.jpg|thumb|240px|UCPN (Maoist) 7th General Convention, 6 February 2013]]

=== Second Constituent Assembly, 2013–2015 ===
In the [[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013 Constituent Assembly election]], held on 19 November 2013, the UCPN (Maoist) won just 80 seats and an additional 3 seats were nominated from the party to the [[2nd Nepalese Constituent Assembly|2nd Constituent Assembly]] compared to 237 in the [[Constituent Assembly of Nepal|1st Constituent Assemby]]. The result meant that the Maoists were dropped to be the third largest party in the Constituent Assembly from first in past.<ref>((Cite news|title=Maoists defeated in Nepal election |url=https://www.ft.com/content/674528d6-5cb8-11e3-81bd-00144feabdc0 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/674528d6-5cb8-11e3-81bd-00144feabdc0 |archive-date=2022-12-10 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-24|newspaper=Financial Times|date=4 December 2013|last1=Mallet|first1=Victor))</ref> The party rejected the results and blamed it on an "international and national" conspiracy and warned that the party would sit out of the newly elected Constituent Assembly.<ref>((Cite news|date=2013-11-21|title=Nepal's Maoists digest impending electoral wipe-out|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-25034461|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref><ref>((Cite news|last=Sharma|first=Gopal|date=2013-11-21|title=Nepal election in shambles as Maoists claim fraud, reject result|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/nepal-election-idINDEE9AI01V20131121|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref>

The party later agreed to join the new constituent assembly and Onsari Gharti Magar from the party was elected as the vice-chairman of the Constituent Assembly on 26 February 2014.<ref>((Cite news|date=2013-12-24|title=Nepal Maoists to join new constituent assembly|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-25509548|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Onsari elected CA vice chair|url=https://kathmandupost.com/miscellaneous/2014/02/26/onsari-elected-ca-vice-chair|access-date=2020-12-24|website=kathmandupost.com|language=en))</ref> [[Nepali Congress]] president [[Sushil Koirala]] became the new prime minister of Nepal but the Maoists did not join his government. The new Constituent Assembly was finally able to deliver a constitution and on 17 September 2015, the [[Constitution of Nepal 2015|Constitution of Nepal, 2015]] was approved by 507 members.<ref>((Cite magazine|title=Nepal Parliament Passes Constitution|url=https://time.com/4037788/nepal-constitution-sushil-koirala-protests-madhesi-tharu/|access-date=2020-12-24|magazine=Time))</ref><ref>((Cite news|last=Adkin|first=Ross|date=2015-09-20|title=Nepal adopts constitution born of bloodshed, compromise|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nepal-constitution-idUSKCN0RK0LU20150920|access-date=2020-12-24))</ref> [[Baburam Bhattarai]] resigned from the newly formed [[Legislature Parliament of Nepal]] and the party following the announcement of the constitution and formed [[Naya Shakti Party, Nepal]].<ref>((Cite web|date=2015-09-26|title=Baburam Bhattarai severs ties with UCPN-Maoist, resigns from Parliament also, to remain as independent citizen for now|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/breaking-baburam-bhattarai-severe-ties-with-ucpn-maoist-announces-he-will-resign-from-parliament-also/|access-date=2020-12-24|website=The Himalayan Times|language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Nepali Times ((!)) The Brief » Blog Archive » Bhattarai quits Maoist party|url=https://www.nepalitimes.com/blogs/thebrief/2015/09/26/bhattarai-quits-maoist-party/|access-date=2020-12-24|language=en-US))</ref>

=== Federal Republic and dissolution, 2016–2018 ===
[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] became prime minister for the second time on 3 August 2016, before resigning on 25 May 2017 to make way for [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] to become prime minister as per an agreement with Nepali Congress.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/04/world/asia/nepal-elects-pushpa-kamal-dahal-as-new-prime-minister.html|title=Nepal Elects Pushpa Kamal Dahal as New Prime Minister|last=Sharma|first=Bhadra|date=2016-08-03|work=The New York Times|access-date=2017-07-04|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/nepal-pm-quits-office-local-elections-170524151411152.html|title=Nepal PM Pushpa Kamal Dahal steps down|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2017-07-04))</ref> On 19 May 2016, ten Maoist parties including pro-unity factions from the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)]] and [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2014)|Communist Party of Nepal]] and the [[Matrika Prasad Yadav|Matrika Yadav]]-led Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) merged with the party. The party renamed itself to Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) following the merger.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/maoist-parties-unite-form-cpn-maoist-centre/|title=Maoist parties unite to form CPN Maoist Centre|date=2016-05-19|work=The Himalayan Times|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-05-19/ten-maoist-parties-merge-to-form-cpn-maoist-centre.html|title=Ten Maoist parties merge to form CPN Maoist Centre|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en))</ref>

In the [[2017 Nepalese local elections|2017 local elections]], the party won 5,411 seats including 106 mayor and chair positions of 753 becoming third largest. The party won the mayoral post in only one metropolitan city, [[Bharatpur, Nepal|Bharatpur]] with the support of [[Nepali Congress]] and [[Renu Dahal]](Daughter of [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal|Puspa Kamal Dahal]]) became mayor.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/renu-dahal-elected-mayor-bharatpur-metropolis/|title=Renu Dahal elected mayor of Bharatpur metropolis|date=2017-08-06|work=The Himalayan Times|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en-US))</ref>

The party announced an alliance with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)]] before the start of the [[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017 legislative]] and [[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|provincial elections]] but did not quit the government led by [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/cpn-uml-and-cpn-maoist-centre-set-to-form-alliance-in-nepal/story-DrP1l0a10oagbNxENvpO2H.html|title=CPN-UML and CPN-Maoist Centre form alliance in Nepal|date=2017-10-03|work=hindustantimes.com/|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/international/world-news/prachandas-maoist-party-not-to-quit-govt-immediately-report/articleshow/61119576.cms|title=Prachanda's Maoist party not to quit govt immediately: Report|date=2017-10-17|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2018-04-18))</ref> The party won 53 seats and again emerged as the third largest party in the [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.greenleft.org.au/content/nepali-communists-win-landslide-face-big-obstacles-win-change|title=Nepali Communists win landslide, but face big obstacles to win change|date=2018-01-05|work=Green Left Weekly|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en))</ref> The party also won 108 seats to [[Pradesh Sabha|provincial assemblies]] and formed [[coalition government]]s with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN (UML)]] in [[Provincial governments of Nepal|six out of the seven provinces]]. According to the power sharing agreement, Maoist Centre would lead the government in [[Provincial Assembly of Karnali Pradesh|Karnali]] and [[Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Pradesh|Sudurpashchim]].<ref>((Cite news|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2018-01-29/uml-to-get-4-chief-ministers-maoist-centre-2.html|title=UML to get 4 chief ministers, Maoist Centre 2|access-date=2018-04-18|language=en))</ref> The party also formed a coalition government with the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist)]] to lead the federal government. In the [[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]] elections on 6 February 2018, the party won 12 of the 56 elected seats.<ref>((Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/nepal-polls-left-alliance-wins-26-seats-nepali-cong-3/article21378869.ece|title=Left alliance wins 27 seats, Nepali Congress 5 in Nepal polls|date=2017-12-09|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-04-18|agency=PTI|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X))</ref> Nanda Bahadur Pun was also re-elected as [[President of Nepal|vice-president]] on 19 March 2018.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2018/mar/19/nanda-bahadur-pun-elected-nepal-vice-president-unopposed-1789317.html|title=Nanda Bahadur Pun elected Nepal vice President 'unopposed'|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2018-04-18))</ref>

On 17 May 2018, the Party Unification Coordination Committee decided to dissolve both coalition parties in order to create a merger party, the [[Nepal Communist Party]].<ref name=":2">((Cite web |title=UML- Maoist Center unification approved, new party to be registered today itself |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/41883/ |access-date=2020-12-24 |website=My Republica |language=en))</ref><ref name=":3">((Cite web |date=2018-05-16 |title=UML and Maoist Centre to form Nepal Communist Party tomorrow |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/uml-and-maoist-centre-to-form-nepal-communist-party-tomorrow/ |access-date=2020-12-24 |website=The Himalayan Times |language=en-US))</ref><ref name=":6" />

=== Revival, 2021–present ===
((Main article|2021 split in Nepal Communist Party))
On 8 March 2021, Nepal's Supreme Court stated that the allocation of the name "Nepal Communist Party" upon the merger of the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN(UML)]] and [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2012)|CPN (Maoist Centre)]], and by extension the merger itself, was void ''ab initio'', as the name was already allotted to a party led by Rishiram Kattel, and that the NCP stood "dismissed".<ref name="abi"/> Upon the ruling, the two predecessor parties were revived in their original state immediately prior to the merger, although should the two wish to merge again with proper procedure being followed, it would be fully allowed.

==== 2021 Split ====
((Main|2021 split in Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)))

The party faced a split when the MPs [[Prabhu Sah]], [[Gauri Shankar Chaudhary]], [[Lekh Raj Bhatta|Lekhraj Bhatta]], Deputy prime minister [[Top Bahadur Rayamajhi]]) and two [[National Assembly (Nepal)|National Assembly]] members (including [[Ram Bahadur Thapa|Ram Bhadur Thapa]]) split from the party and joined the [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)|CPN(UML)]], along with nine provincial assembly members. Two mayors and three rural municipality chairpersons also left the party and joined the CPN(UML).<ref>((Cite web|last=SERVICE|first=HIMALAYAN NEWS|date=2021-06-25|title=Ruling, opposing parties clash over town conference in Rautahat|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/ruling-opposing-parties-clash-over-town-conference-in-rautahat|access-date=2021-07-21|website=The Himalayan Times|language=en))</ref>

== Ideology ==
((unreferenced section|date=January 2018))
The Maoists announced a ‘[[People's War]]’ on 13 February 1996, under the slogan: "Let us march ahead on the path of struggle towards establishing the people's rule by wrecking the reactionary ruling system of state." Maoists strongly believe in the philosophy of [[Mao Zedong]] who proclaimed, "Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun." Maoists also draw inspiration from the ‘Revolutionary [[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalist]] Movement’, Peru's left wing guerrilla movement—the Sendero Luminoso ([[Shining Path]]), and from radical communist parties in different parts of the world.

The Maoists' aims in the ‘People's War’ were to establish a ‘People's Democracy’ in Nepal.  The Maoists view it as an "historical revolt against [[feudalism]], [[imperialism]] and reformists." The catalyst for declaring the ‘People's War’ was the failure of the Nepalese government to respond to a memorandum presented by its representatives to Prime Minister [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] on 4 February 1996. The memorandum listed 40 demands related to "nationalism, democracy and livelihood". These included the abolition of royal privileges, the promulgation of a new constitution, and the abrogation of the Mahakali Treaty with [[India]], which regulated the distribution of water and electricity as well as the delineation of the border between the two countries.

[[File:Ktm2006-malema.JPG|thumb|left|"Long Live Marxism-Leninism-Maoism and [[Prachanda Path]]" mural in [[Kathmandu]] made by the Madhesi Rashtriya Mukti Morcha]]
In second conference of the CPN (Maoist), a post for chairman was created for the Maoist chief Prachanda. Until then, the chief of the organization had been its general secretary. A report titled “The great leap forward: An inevitable need of history” was presented by Prachanda. This report was in serious discussion in the central committee and the top leaders of the party. Based on this report, the CPN (Maoist) adopted [[Prachanda Path]] as its ideology. After five years of armed struggle, the party realized that none of the [[proletarian]] revolutions of the past could be carried out on Nepal's context. So having analyzed the serious challenges and growing changes in the global arena, and moving further ahead than [[Marxism]], [[Leninism]] and [[Maoism]], the party determined its own ideology, Prachanda Path.

Prachanda Path in essence is a different kind of uprising, which can be described as the fusion of a protracted people's war strategy which was adopted by Mao in China and the Russian model of armed revolution. Professor Lok Raj Baral, in his writing about Prachanda Path says that this doctrine doesn't apparently make an ideological break with Marxism and Leninism but finds that these doctrines' strategies aren't able to be replicated in Nepal as it was done in the past. Most of the Maoist leaders think that the adoption of Prachanda Path after the second national conference is what nudged the party into moving ahead with a clear vision ahead after five years of ‘people's war’.

Senior Maoist leader Mohan Vaidya alias Kiran says, ‘Just as Marxism was born in [[Germany]], Leninism in [[Russia]] and Maoism in China, Prachanda Path is Nepal's identity of revolution. Just as Marxism has three facets- philosophy, political economy and scientific [[socialism]], Prachanda Path is a combination of all three totally in Nepal's political context.’ The adoption of Prachanda Path was inspired truly from the Shining Path. In fact, the bringing up of new doctrine worked out with the concept of giving a new identity to Nepal's revolution. Talking about the party's philosophy, Maoist chairman Prachanda says, ‘The party considers Prachanda path as an enrichment of Marxism, Leninism and Maoism.’ After the party brought forward its new doctrine, the government was trying to comprehend the new ideology, Prachanda Path.

== Women in the party ==
((See also|Women in the Nepalese Civil War))
Women have been prominent in the recruiting profile. Available reports indicate that one-fifth to one-third of the cadre and the combatants during the [[Nepalese Civil War]] may be women. Reportedly, every village under Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) control had a revolutionary women's organization. According to a [[Jane's Intelligence Review]] report of October 2001, there were usually two women in each unit of 35–40 men, and they were used to gather intelligence and act as couriers. [[Baburam Bhattarai]] was quoted as saying in Spacetime on 18 April 2003, that fifty percent of cadres at the lower level, thirty percent of soldiers and ten percent of members of central committee of the outfit were women. Durgha Pokhrel, then Chairman of National Women's Commission, who visited more than 25 Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) controlled districts, stated on 3 July 2003, during a talk delivered at the Nepal Council of World Affairs that percentage of women cadres could be as high as forty. A women's group, the All Nepal Women's Association (Revolutionary), is alleged to be a front outfit of the CPN-M.

== Criticism ==
=== Use of children ===
During the [[Nepalese Civil War]], the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) resorted to mass under-age recruitment, particularly of young students, usually between 12 and 16 years old. At the conclusion of the war, an estimated 12,000 Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) soldiers were below 18 years of age, and Human Rights Watch estimates that the majority of the current militia joined as minors. The United Nation Mission in Nepal (UNMIN) has verified that there were nine thousand child soldiers in Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) cantonment training camps.

The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) used children as soldiers, messengers, cooks, porters and suppliers. Regardless of role, all children received rudimentary military training concerning explosives, so they would be able to recognize and avoid land mines. The current Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre), however, continues to deny that any of its soldiers during the war were less than 18 years of age. They also claim that they have cared for orphans of adult soldiers killed in the war, and that these children were not placed in danger.<ref>((cite web|url=http://nepaldocumentary.com/Whyisthisimportant.aspx|title=Returned: Children Soldiers of Nepal's Maoist Army|access-date=17 July 2015))</ref>

=== Links with fraternal parties ===
According to available information, the Maoists of Nepal have well-established linkages with Indian revolutionary communist organizations, primarily with the [[Communist Party of India (Maoist)]], currently leading a protracted "people's war" throughout the subcontinent. The first signs of contacts were reportedly registered during 1989–1990, when the two groups started collaborating in order to expand their influence. According to Indian government analysis, they began the process of laying a corridor, which is now widely referred to as the Revolutionary Corridor (RC) extending from Nepal to across six Indian States, including [[Bihar]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Jharkhand]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Odisha]] and [[Madhya Pradesh]]. This entire area has been identified in Maoist literature as the [[Compact Revolutionary Zone]] (CRZ). The CRZ was organized by the Nepal and Indian members of the [[Naxalite]] movement, in a meeting at [[Siliguri]] in the Indian State of [[West Bengal]] during August 2001. Indian Maoists are known as Naxalites (or Naxals) in reference to a popular uprising that began decades ago centered in the village of [[Naxalbari]].

Nepalese Maoists had sent their delegates to the March 2001 Congress of PWG held at Abuz Marh in the [[Bastar Division|Bastar]] region of Chhattisgarh. The establishment of CRZ gave a wider space and platform for all the proscribed Nepal and Indian Naxalite organizations to strengthen their bases in both the countries.

[[File:Prachanda.jpg|thumb|200x200px|[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]: current party chairman and current [[List of Prime Ministers of Nepal|Prime Minister of Nepal]]]]
The CPN (Maoist) is a participating organization of the [[Revolutionary Internationalist Movement]] (RIM), a global association of revolutionary communist parties. In July 2001, ten regional Maoist groups formed the Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organization of South Asia ([[CCOMPOSA]]), in which the Nepalese Maoists, PWG, MCC, Purbo Banglar Sarbahara Party ([[Bangladesh]]), [[Communist Party of Ceylon]] ([[Sri Lanka]]) and other Indian communist parties became members. The appearance of graffiti in remote villages in Naxalite-strongholds, in Rayakal and [[Mallapur]] mandals (administrative unit) of [[Karimnagar district]] in Andhra Pradesh, hailing CCOMPOSA points the spread of the idea of a common front of revolutionary communist groups in [[South Asia]]. Moreover, the Central Committee of the Maoists, in late-January 2002, passed a resolution stating that it would work together with the PWG and the MCC in fighting the ban imposed on the latter two organisations in India, under the Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002. A year earlier, in 2001, the Maoists had sent a senior leader named Gaurav as a fraternal delegate to attend the 9th Congress of the PWG. Reports indicate that the Maoists and the PWG have also formed the Indo-Nepal Border Region Committee to coordinate their activities in North Bihar and along the India-Nepal border.

During the civil war, the Maoists also gathered a lot of support from organizations in South Asia, which was very important in carrying out the struggle with certain pace. Having visited several districts in India, Maoist chairman Prachanda studied the challenges of launching an armed struggle. Chairman Prachanda drafted war policies and tactics staying in India. Chairman Prachanda says, “First and foremost, there was the RIM Committee. There were important ideological and political exchanges. From the RIM committee we got the experience of the [[Shining Path|Communist Party of Peru]], the two line struggle there, and also the experience in [[Turkey]], the experience in [[Iran]] and the experience in the [[Philippines]].” The CPN Maoist also participated in a South Asian Conference where they held discussions with the civil war group and Maoist communist Centre groups. The party believes in achieving a lot from this meet about conducting a civil war.

Having realized the necessity of spreading the party's message to the world, the party came up with a decision to host a website which was to spread the knowledge about Nepalese revolution. Thus, www.cpnm.org was hosted with the help of some of the fraternal Maoist organization in [[Europe]]. The CPN Maoist currently after the jump into the ‘mainstream’ politics played an initiative role in introducing a [[Bhutan Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)|Maoist Communist Party in Bhutan]] as well. The new party in [[Bhutan]] is said to have greatly inspired from the Nepalese Civil War and want to have a same practice there.

=== MCC Compact ===
MCC compact entered Nepal during the premiership of [[Baburam Bhattarai|Bhattarai]] while a committee was formed during second premiership of [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal|Dahal]] to rectify MCC. During premiership of Bhattarai, [[Barsaman Pun]] was the finance minister while [[Krishna Bahadur Mahara]] was the finance minister during premiership of Dahal. Maoist leaders [[Matrika Prasad Yadav]], [[Bina Magar]], [[Shakti Bahadur Basnet]], [[Giriraj Mani Pokharel]] and [[Ram Bahadur Thapa]] were part of [[Oli cabinet, 2018|Second Oli cabinet]] which took MCC to parliament. At the time, they had given approval to table MCC.<ref>((Cite web|title=एमसिसी पेस गर्न सहमति जनाउने तत्कालीन माओवादी मन्त्रीहरू|url=https://farakdhar.com/story/75915/|access-date=2022-02-20|website=Farakdhar ((!))((!)) Nepal's Online Magazine))</ref>

Party president Prachanda publicly maintained that the [[Millennium Challenge Corporation]]'s (MCC) [[Millennium Challenge Corporation's Nepal Compact|Nepal Compact]] could not be ratified without amending certain clauses. It was found that he was in favor of ratification as it was.<ref>((Cite web|title=दाहालको दोहोरो नीति|url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2022/02/07/164419617153567739.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=ekantipur.com|language=ne))</ref> MCC later released the letter dated September 29, 2021, in which Prachanda and Prime Minister of Nepal [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]] assured MCC that the compact would be ratified within four to five months.<ref>((Cite web|title=यस्तो छ देउवा र प्रचण्डले एमसीसीलाई पठाएको पत्र (पत्रसहित)|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/02/1074947|access-date=2022-02-09|website=Online Khabar|language=en-US))</ref> Major national newspapers criticized Prachanda's move, saying it would deteriorate Nepal's diplomatic strength and virtue.<ref>((Cite web|title=सम्पादकीय: दाहालको द्वैधचरित्र र देशले चुकाउनुपर्ने मूल्य|url=https://ekantipur.com/opinion/2022/02/08/164428498442179135.html|access-date=2022-02-09|website=ekantipur.com|language=ne))</ref><ref>((Cite web|date=2022-02-08|title=EDITORIAL: Time to act|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/opinion/editorial-time-to-act|access-date=2022-02-09|website=The Himalayan Times|language=en))</ref>

They reported that it was dual nature of the party to both stay in government and protest at the same time for personal profit and vote swing.<ref>((Cite web|date=2022-02-16|title=एमसीसीविरुद्ध प्रचण्डको सत्ता र सडक दुवैमा एकसाथ 'संघर्ष'|url=https://www.reportersnepal.com/2022/02/649432|access-date=2022-02-16|website=रिपोर्टर्स नेपाल|language=en))</ref> This move was highly criticized by people and medias.<ref>((Cite web|last=Setopati|first=Bhanubhakta|title=Options left for NC after betrayal by Maoist Center over MCC|url=https://en.setopati.com/political/157949/|access-date=2022-02-16|website=Setopati))</ref><ref name=":02">((Cite book|last=Bandita.|first=Sijapati|title=A kingdom under siege : Nepal's Maoist insurgency, 1996 to 2003|date=2004|publisher=The Printhouse|isbn=1842775715|oclc=60697742))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=माओवादी केन्द्र सरकार र सडक दुबैतिर|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/02/1080259|access-date=2022-02-16|website=Online Khabar|language=en-US))</ref>

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|caption3=Maoist caders destroying railings of footpath by burning tyre
))

The party chairman had given approval to table MCC while several fellow politicians stood in opposition to the chairman's decision. They called for protests even on streets. Many police were attacked. Trees were broken, the blocks of footpath were removed to attack police as shown in picture. The branches of trees were broken.<ref>((Cite web|title=प्रचण्ड–माधवप्रति ओलीको टिप्पणी : आफू मूर्तिझैं बस्ने कार्यकर्तालाई सडकमा पठाउने|url=https://www.onlinekhabar.com/2022/02/1082849|access-date=2022-02-23|website=Online Khabar|language=en-US))</ref> The Maoist cadets destroyed a boutique while the owner was saving police.<ref>((Cite web|last=Setopati|first=सेतोपाटी संवाददाता |title=प्रदर्शनमा प्रहरीलाई जोगाउने जानकीलाई गृहमन्त्री खाणको फोन|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/262894/|access-date=2022-02-23|website=Setopati|language=hi))</ref> Government had to pay for the loss. Leader of opposition and chairman of [[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)]], [[KP Sharma Oli]] of condemned the decision of Maoists to stay in government while destroying public property at the same time.<ref>((Cite web|last=Setopati|first=सेतोपाटी संवाददाता |title=बानेश्वरमा हिजो भएको प्रदर्शनविरूद्ध खनिए ओली, प्रहरीप्रति सहानुभूति|url=https://www.setopati.com/politics/262777/|access-date=2022-02-23|website=Setopati|language=hi))</ref> The Home Minister of Nepal, Bal Krishna Khan's and Prime minister asked the protesters to stay calm and not destroy public properties casing loss to the government and economy.<ref>((Cite web|title=आन्दोलनकारीबाट पसल तोडफोड गरिएका व्यवसायीलाई गृहमन्त्रीको फोन, क्षतिपुर्ति दिने आश्वासन|url=https://nepalkhabar.com/politics/121523-2022-2-22-21-44-19|access-date=2022-02-23|website=nepalkhabar|date=3 June 2019 |language=Nepali))</ref>

== Splinter groups ==
=== Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha ===
((Main|Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha))
In 2004, a small group split from the CPN (Maoist) to form [[Janatantric Terai Mukti Morcha|Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha]]. This group has subsequently split up into more than five groups and said to have no specific ideological destiny. The group accused the CPN (Maoist) of not guaranteeing the autonomy of the Terai region. The name is in Nepalese which means "Terai Peoples Liberation Front" in English. The Jwala Singh faction of the Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha (JTMM-J) was formed by Nagendra Kumar Paswan a.k.a. Jwala Singh in August 2006 after he broke away from the Jaya Krishna Goit led JTMM. Jwala Singh is a former CPN-Maoist cadre and had joined Goit when he floated the JTMM. Later, he developed differences with Goit over the strategies to be adopted for the liberation of the Terai and establishment of an independent Terai state.

=== Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) ===
((See also|Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2014)))((dn|date=May 2024))
In 2009, a faction under Matrika Yadav split from UCPN (Maoist) to reorganise the previous Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).

In June 2012 party suffered a vertical split. The hardliner faction formed a new party named [[Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist)|Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist]], later Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist), headed by [[Mohan Baidya]].<ref name="xinhua">((cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-06/19/c_131663675.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625013202/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2012-06/19/c_131663675.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 25, 2012|title=Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist formed in Nepal|access-date=25 February 2015))</ref> The Communist Party of Nepal—Maoist further split to form another [[Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2014)|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]], which was later renamed to Nepal Communist Party, headed by Netra Bikram Chand.

== Electoral performance ==

=== Legislative elections ===
((See also|House of Representatives (Nepal)|Constituent Assembly of Nepal))

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{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Election
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Leader
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Resulting government
|-
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|No.
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|%
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|+/–
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|No.
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|+/–
|-
|[[2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2008]]
|[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
|3,144,204
|29.28
|
|((Infobox political party/seats|220|575|darkred))
|
|1st
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|2013]]
|[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
|1,439,726
|15.21
|((Decrease)) 14.07
|((Infobox political party/seats|80|575|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 140
|((Decrease)) 3rd
|((no2|In opposition))
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese legislative election|2017]]
|[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
|1,303,721
|13.66
|((Decrease)) 1.55
| style="text-align:center;" |((Infobox political party/seats|53|275|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 27
|((Steady)) 3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese general election|2022]]((efn|Run in coalition with [[Nepal Socialist Party|NSP]].))
|[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
|1,175,684
|11.13
|((Decrease)) 2.53
|((Infobox political party/seats|32|275|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 21
|((Steady)) 3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}
((Notelist))

=== Provincial elections ===

==== Koshi ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|206,781
|11.91
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|15|93|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|181,245
|9.54
|((Decrease)) 2.37
|((Infobox political party/seats|13|93|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 2
|((Nochange)) 3rd
|((yes2|Confidence & supply))
|}

==== Madhesh ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|rowspan="2"|249,734
|rowspan="2"|16.25
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="lightgray" rowpsan="2" |
|rowspan="2"|((Infobox political party/seats|11|107|darkred))
|rowspan="2" bgcolor="lightgray"|
|rowspan="2"|5th
|((no2|In opposition))
|-
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|180,860
|8.67
|((Decrease)) 7.58
|((Infobox political party/seats|8|107|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 3
|((Decrease)) 6th
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

==== Bagmati ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|316,876
|16.75
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|23|110|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|285,276
|14.73
|((Decrease)) 2.02
|((Infobox political party/seats|21|110|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 2
|((Decrease)) 3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

==== Gandaki ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|119,528
|12.49
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|12|60|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|116,945
|11.86
|((Decrease)) 0.63
|((Infobox political party/seats|8|60|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 4
|((Nochange)) 3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

==== Lumbini ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|239,281
|14.84
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|20|87|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|198,450
|10.52
|((Decrease)) 4.32
|((Infobox political party/seats|9|87|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 11
|((Decrease)) 3rd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

==== Karnali ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|117,298
|23.74
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|14|40|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|137,629
|23.82
|((Increase)) 0.08
|((Infobox political party/seats|13|40|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 1
|((Nochange)) 2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

==== Sudurpashchim ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Election
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Votes
! colspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Seats
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Position
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Resulting government
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |%
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |+/–
|-
|[[2017 Nepalese provincial elections|2017]]
|142,702
|18.04
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|((Infobox political party/seats|14|53|darkred))
|bgcolor="lightgray"|
|2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|-
|[[2022 Nepalese provincial elections|2022]]
|121,431
|13.55
|((Decrease)) 4.49
|((Infobox political party/seats|11|53|darkred))
|((Decrease)) 3
|((Nochange)) 2nd
|((yes2|Coalition government))
|}

== Leadership ==
=== Chairmen ===
* [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]], 2001–2018, 2021–present

=== General secretaries ===
* [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]], 1994–2001
* [[Post Bahadur Bogati]], 2013–2014
* [[Krishna Bahadur Mahara]], 2014–2016
* [[Ram Bahadur Thapa]], 2016–2018
* [[Dev Prasad Gurung]], 2022–Present

=== Prime Ministers of Nepal ===
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|No.
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Prime Minister
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Legislature
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Constituency
|-
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Start
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|End
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white"|Tenure
|-
| rowspan="3" |1
| rowspan="3" |[[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]]
| rowspan="3" |[[File:PushpaKamalDahal Prachanda.jpg|center|frameless|145x145px]]
|18 August 2008 
|25 May 2009
|((age in years and days|18 August 2008|25 May 2009))
|[[List of members elected in the 2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|1st Constituent Assembly]]
|[[First Dahal cabinet|Dahal, 2008]]
|[[Kathmandu 10 (constituency)|Kathmandu 10]]
|-
|4 August 2016
|7 June 2017
|((age in years and days|4 August 2016|7 June 2017))
|[[List of members elected in the 2013 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|Legislature Parliament]]
|[[Second Dahal cabinet|Dahal, 2016]]
|Siraha 5
|-
|26 December 2022
| Incumbent
|((age in years and days|26 December 2022))
|[[2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal]]
|[[Dahal cabinet, 2022|Dahal, 2022]]
|[[Gorkha 2 (constituency)|Gorkha 2]]
|-
|2
|[[Baburam Bhattarai]]
|[[File:Baburam Bhattarai in Sydney cropped.jpg|center|159x159px]]
|29 August 2011
|14 March 2013
|((age in years and days|29 August 2011|14 March 2013))
|[[List of members elected in the 2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election|1st Constituent Assembly]]
|[[Bhattarai cabinet|Bhattarai, 2011]]
|[[Gorkha 2 (constituency)|Gorkha 2]]
|}

=== Chief Ministers ===

==== Bagmati Province ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Chief Minister
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Legislature
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Constituency
|-
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Start
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |End
! style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Tenure
|-
|1
|[[Shalikram Jamkattel]]
|[[File:ShalikramJamkattel.png|center|120x120px]]
|10 January 2023<ref>((Cite web |date=10 January 2023 |title=बागमती प्रदेशका मुख्यमन्त्रीसहित तीन मन्त्रीले लिए सपथ |url=https://nayapatrikadaily.com/news-details/104669/2023-01-10 |access-date=2023-01-10 |website=Naya Patrika |language=ne))</ref>
|''Incumbent''
|((Age in years and days|10 January 2023|))
|[[2nd Bagmati Provincial Assembly|2nd Provincial Assembly]]
|[[Jamkattel cabinet|Jamkattel, 2023]]
|[[Dhading 1 (constituency)|Dhading 1(B)]]
|}

==== Lumbini Province ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Chief Minister
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Legislature
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Constituency
|-
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Start
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |End
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Tenure
|-
|1
|[[Kul Prasad KC]]
|
|11 August 2021<ref>((Cite web |title=लुम्बिनीका मुख्यमन्त्री केसीले लिए शपथ |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/08/12/16287718339656918.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813005134/https://ekantipur.com/news/2021/08/12/16287718339656918.html |archive-date=13 August 2021 |access-date=2021-08-13 |website=ekantipur.com |language=ne))</ref>
|12 January 2023
|((Age in years and days|11 August 2021|12 January 2023))
|[[Provincial Assembly of Lumbini Province|1st Provincial Assembly]]
|[[Kul Prasad KC cabinet|K.C., 2021]]
|[[Rolpa 1 (constituency)|Rolpa 1(A)]]
|}

==== Karnali Province ====
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Chief Minister
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Legislature
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Constituency
|-
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Start
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |End
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Tenure
|-
|1
|[[Mahendra Bahadur Shahi]]
|[[File:MahendraBahadurShahi.png|center|120x120px]]
|16 February 2018<ref>((Cite web |date=16 February 2018 |title=Shahi appointed Province 6 CM |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/mahendra-bahadur-shahi-appointed-province-6-cm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708195324/https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/mahendra-bahadur-shahi-appointed-province-6-cm/ |archive-date=8 July 2021 |access-date=8 July 2021 |website=The Himalayan Times |language=en))</ref>
|1 November 2021<ref>((Cite web|url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/120316/|title=Chief Minister Shahi resigns from the post, NC to form new govt|first=Nagendra|last=Upadhyaya|website=My Republica))</ref>
|((Age in years and days|16 February 2018|1 November 2021))
|[[Provincial Assembly of Karnali Province|1st Provincial Assembly]]
|[[Mahendra Bahadur Shahi cabinet|Shahi, 2018]]
|[[Kalikot 1|Kalikot 1(B)]]
|-
|2
|[[Raj Kumar Sharma]]
|[[File:RajKumarSharma.png|center|120x120px]]
|12 January 2023<ref>((Cite web |title=Maoist Centre's Raj Kumar Sharma appointed Karnali Province chief minister |url=https://kathmandupost.com/karnali-province/2023/01/11/maoist-centre-s-raj-kumar-sharma-appointed-karnali-province-chief-minister |access-date=2023-01-11 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English))</ref>
|''Incumbent''
|((ayd|2023|1|12))
|[[2nd Karnali Provincial Assembly|2nd Provincial Assembly]]
|[[Sharma cabinet|Sharma, 2023]]
|[[Western Rukum 1 (constituency)|Western Rukum 1 (B)]]
|}

==== Sudurpashchim Province ====
((see also|Chief Minister of Sudurpashchim Province))
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |No.
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Chief Minister
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Legislature
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Constituency
|-
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Start
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |End
!style="background-color:darkred; color:white" |Tenure
|-
|1
|[[Trilochan Bhatta]]
|[[File:Trilochan Bhatta np-sud.jpg|center|119x119px]]
|15 February 2018<ref>((Cite web |date=16 February 2018 |title=Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/trilochan-bhatta-becomes-province-7-chief-minister |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210708195520/https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/trilochan-bhatta-becomes-province-7-chief-minister |archive-date=8 July 2021 |access-date=8 July 2021 |website=The Himalayan Times |language=en))</ref>
|12 January 2023
|((Age in years and days|15 February 2018|12 January 2023))
|[[Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim Province|1st Provincial Assembly]]
|[[Trilochan Bhatta cabinet|Bhatta, 2018]]
|[[Doti 1|Doti 1(B)]]
|}

== Sister organizations ==
* [[Young Communist League, Nepal]]
* [[All Nepal National Independent Students' Union (Revolutionary)]]
* [[All Nepal Women's Association (Revolutionary)|All Nepal Women's Association Revolutionary]]
* Press Centre Nepal
* [[All Nepal Trade Union Federation (Revolutionary)]]
* Nepal National Civil Servants Employees Association
* [[Newa Rastriya Mukti Morcha, Nepal]]

== See also ==
*[[Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)]]
*[[Socialist Front (Nepal)|Socialist Front]]
*[[Pir (song)|Pir]]
*[[2021 split in Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)]]
*[[Nepalese Civil War]]
*[[People's Liberation Army, Nepal]]

== References ==
((Reflist|30em))

== External links ==
*((official website))
*[http://lesmaterialistes.com/english/nepal-timeline History and statements of Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]
*[http://espresso.repubblica.it/dettaglio/Prachanda:%20Our%20Revolution%20Won/1431107 L'Espresso Interview with Prachanda: Our Revolution Won] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080110093436/http://espresso.repubblica.it/dettaglio/Prachanda:%20Our%20Revolution%20Won/1431107 |date=2008-01-10 )) November 2006
*[http://nepaldocumentary.com/Main.aspx Returned: Child Soldiers of Nepal's Maoist Army] Directed by [[Robert Koenig (filmmaker)|Robert Koenig]]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4707482.stm BBC news Video/Transcript Interview with Prachanda]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050426044133/http://insof.org/politics/14dwa_interv_bb Interview with Baburam Bhattarai] ''Washington Times'', December 14, 2002
*[http://www.lionesto.net Li Onesto, a journalist who has spent a great deal of time covering the Maoists] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906164921/http://www.lionesto.net/ |date=2020-09-06 ))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060209105542/http://schema-root.org/region/asia/south_asia/nepal/maoists/ Nepal Maoists, live news feed]
*[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/upf_nepal.htm A critical view of the Maoists from Global Security]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060428152132/http://www7.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0511/feature3/multimedia.html National Geographic Slideshow "Inside Nepals Revolution"]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070126175620/http://aroadtothefuture.org/  International Road-Building Brigades to Nepal official website]
*[http://www.worldpoliticswatch.com/article.aspx?id=687 "From Jungle Fatigues to Sensible Suits: Nepal's Maoists Join Government"] ''World Politics Watch'', April 6, 2007
*[http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=5285 Waiting for Mao's Maya] by Peter J Karthak, ''Republica'', May 21, 2009

((Political parties in Nepal))
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre)))
[[Category:Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)| ]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Nepal]]
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