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The Communist Party of South Ossetia (Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстоны Коммунистон парти, romanized: Hussar Irystony Kommuniston parti; Georgian: სამხრეთ ოსეთის კომუნისტური პარტია, romanized:samkhret osetis k'omunist'uri p'art'ia; Russian: Коммунистическая партия Южной Осетии) is a communist party in South Ossetia. The party was founded in 1993. As of 2004, the party claimed a membership of 1,500.[1] The party seeks recognition of the Republic of South Ossetia, which is internationally recognized by most countries as a part of Georgia.[2]
CPSO is led by Stanislav Kochiev,[3][4] who is also chairman and speaker of the South Ossetian Parliament. Yulia Tekhova is the deputy secretary of the party.[1]
In the May 1999 election, the party received over 80% of the popular vote and won 27 seats out of 29 contested seats in parliament. Their leader, Stanislav Kochiev, would be elected speaker of parliament with 22 votes, however, one of the two independents was named the prime minister to independent president Lyudvig Chibirov. Their massive success in the election is attributed to a rumor that Chibirov was negotiating a re-annexation into Georgia in an attempt to recreate an entity like the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast. Despite their massive electoral success the party was unable to force Chibirov to resign.[7]
The party and Kochiev would again challenge Chibirov in the 2001 South Ossetian presidential election this time succeeding in removing him from office as Chibirov lost in the first round with less than 20% of the popular vote. However, the party would lose against another independent candidate, Eduard Kokoity, who received 57.46% to Kochiev and the communists 42.54%. This was the effective high water mark of the party as they were never again serious contenders for leadership.[8]
The party has seen moderately more success in parliamentary elections. in the 2004 South Ossetian parliamentary election they won 4 seats with 27.4% of the popular vote.[11] In the 2009 South Ossetian parliamentary election they received 22.80% of the popular vote and 8 seats in parliament.[12] However, in the 2014 South Ossetian parliamentary election, the party lost all their seats and only received 4.41% of the vote. This would be the first time that the party had no representation in government. Due to election law requiring every party that won no seats be de-registered, the party was technically disbanded following the election and then re-founded in June of 2015.[13] The party was able to win 2 seats in parliament in the 2019 South Ossetian parliamentary election after receiving 7.29% of the vote.[14]
Leadership
1st rendition
When the party was founded in 1993 the official name of its leader was the "First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of South Ossetia". Of which only Kochiev would hold the office.
Following the party's defeat in 2014 and exit from parliament, as per election laws of the time, the party was technically disbanded until it was reestablished in 2015 under the same name, leadership and membership. However, after this re-foundation the name of its leader was changed to "Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party" with Kochiev holding the office.
^Hughes, J., & Sasse, G. (2002). Ethnicity and territory in the former Soviet Union: regions in conflict. The Cass series in regional and federal studies. London: F. Cass. p. 218
