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((short description|Parish and manor in the county of Warwickshire, England))
((Use dmy dates|date=April 2022))
((more citations needed|date=June 2015))
[[File:Compton Verney House and Lake - geograph.org.uk - 346249.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Compton Verney House]], the manor house rebuilt 1762–68 by [[John Peyto-Verney, 14th Baron Willoughby de Broke]]]]

'''Compton Verney''' is a [[parish]] and historic [[Manorialism|manor]] in the county of [[Warwickshire]], England.<ref name="history">((cite book| chapter=Parishes: Compton Verney | title=A History of the County of Warwick | volume= 5: Kington hundred | year=1949 | pages=58–60 | url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=57040 | accessdate=31 December 2007 ))</ref> The population taken at the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]] was 119.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11122259&c=compton+verney&d=16&e=62&g=6472161&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1451216951308&enc=1|title=Civil Parish population 2011|accessdate=27 December 2015))</ref> The surviving [[manor house]] is the [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] [[mansion]] [[Compton Verney House]].

==Descent of the manor==
[[File:Wenceslas Hollar - Compton Murdack (Verney).jpg|thumb|1656 drawing of heraldic glass set up by Sir Richard Verney (d.1489) in a "great bay window" of the [[great hall]] of old Compton Verney House]]
[[File:VerneyArms.png|thumb|Arms of Verney of Compton Verney: ''Gules, three crosses recerclée voided throughout or a chief vair ermine and ermines'']]
The first record of a settlement at Compton Verney was the late [[Saxon]] [[Manorialism|manor]] of Compton,((citation needed|date=June 2015)) meaning "settlement in a valley"<ref name="ReferenceA">Dugdale</ref> (combe-town). It had good communications, being served by the [[Fosse Way]], which runs north–south half a mile from the site and led originally from the [[Roman Britain|Roman]] settlements of [[Cirencester]] to [[Leicester]]. The [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 lists Compton as two manors, the largest of which was among the many holdings of [[Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester|Robert de Beaumont]] (c. 1049 – 1118), [[Count of Meulan]], one of the few proven companions of [[William the Conqueror]] who fought at the  [[Battle of Hastings]] in 1066.

It descended to his younger brother [[Henry de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Warwick|Henry de Beaumont]] (d.1119) ("Henry de Newburgh") who granted the church as a [[prebend]] to support one canon of the [[Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick|Collegiate Church of St Mary]].<ref name="ReferenceA"/> The donation was confirmed by [[Walter Durdent]] [[Bishop of Coventry]] from 1149 to 1159 and again twice by [[Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick|Guy de Beauchamp]] (c. 1272 – 1315), in 1291 and 1310.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> The village was demolished before the time of the historian [[John Rous (historian)|John Rous]] (c. 1411/20 – 1492) (a canon of the Collegiate Church of St Mary), as [[William Dugdale]] notes in his Antiquities of [[Warwickshire]] (1656):<ref>((cite web|author=melody-levin |url=https://archive.org/details/antiquitiesofwar00dugd/page/436/mode/2up |title=The antiquities of Warwickshire illustrated : from records, leiger-books, manuscripts, charters, evidences, tombes, and armes : beautified with maps, prospects, and portraictures : Dugdale, William, Sir, 1605-1686 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive |date= |accessdate=2022-02-21))</ref><br />
:''When this town was depopulated I cannot directly affirm but it seems to have been antiently for I find that our countreyman Rous hath it in the list of those whereof he so much complains''.

===Murdac===
At some time before 1150 the [[Manorialism|manor]] was granted to Robert Murdac when it became known as ''Compton Murdak'', and was inherited by his descendants and thence to the heirs of the Murdak family. In 1370, after two hundred years of ownership by his family, Sir Thomas Murdak surrendered the estate to [[Alice Perrers]], mistress of King [[Edward III of England|Edward III]].

===Verney===
In about 1441<ref>[[William Dugdale]], ''Antiquities of Warwickshire'', London, 1656, p. 435, ''Compton Murdak''[https://archive.org/details/antiquitiesofwar00dugd/page/434/mode/2up]</ref> it was acquired by [[Richard Verney]] (d.1489) with the assistance of his younger brother John Verney, [[Dean of Lichfield]], formerly [[Rector (ecclesiastical)|Rector]] of [[Bredon]] in [[Worcestershire]], and supervisor and receiver-general to [[Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick|Richard Beauchamp]] (1382–1439).<ref>Dugdale, p. 435</ref> The Verney family had begun acquiring lands in the area surrounding Compton Murdak in the 1430s before purchasing the estate. In about 1500 the [[Manorialism|manor]] became known as Compton Verney. According to William Dugdale in his ''Antiquities of [[Warwickshire]]'' (1656)<ref name="dugdale">((cite web| url=https://archive.org/details/antiquitiesofwar00dugd | title=Antiquities of Warwickshire | year=1656 ))</ref> a new [[manor house]] was built in about 1442:<ref name="dugdale" />

:''"[[Richard Verney]] Esquire (afterward [[knight]]) possest it and built a great part of the house as it now standeth, wherein besides his own [[Heraldry|armes]] with [[Impalement (heraldry)|matches]], he then set up towards the upper end of the [[Great hall|hall]] the armes of King [[Henry VI of England|Henry the Sixth]], [[Margaret of Anjou|Queen Margaret]], [[Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham|Humfrey Earl of Stafford]], [[Henry Beauchamp, Duke of Warwick|Henry Beauchamp]], and the [[Baron Zouche]],<ref>The arms depicted are Zouche of Haryngworth (with canton ermine), thus for William la Zouche, 5th Baron Zouche (c.1402-1462)</ref> with some others, by which it appeareth that he was one of those that adhered to the [[House of Lancaster]]"''.

The [[Manor House]] was extended by succeeding generations as the family's fortune expanded. In 1695 [[Richard Verney, 11th Baron Willoughby de Broke|Richard Verney]] (1621–1711) established his claim to the [[Baron Willoughby de Broke]] before the [[House of Lords]],<ref>Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage,  Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.1157</ref> following the early death of his fifteen-year-old great-nephew [[William Verney, 10th Baron Willoughby de Broke|William Verney]], only male descendant of his elder brother [[Greville Verney, 8th Baron Willoughby de Broke|Greville Verney]], and moved from his [[Rutland]] estate to live at Compton Verney. His son [[George Verney, 12th Baron Willoughby de Broke|George Verney]] (1659–1728) rebuilt the house and landscaped the gardens in the early 18th century. [[John Peyto-Verney, 14th Baron Willoughby de Broke|John Peyto-Verney]] (1738–1816) completely remodelled the house to the design of [[Robert Adam]] and the grounds to the design of [[Capability Brown]].

===Watson===
Adverse financial circumstances forced the Verney family to let the house from 1887 to various tenants. Finally, it was sold in 1921 to the [[Leeds]] soap magnate [[Joseph Watson, 1st Baron Manton|Joseph Watson]] (d.1922) of Linton Spring<ref>His will states his address as Linton Spring</ref> near [[Wetherby]] in [[Yorkshire]], who in 1922 was raised to the [[peerage]] as "[[Baron Manton|Baron Manton of Compton Verney]]". He never lived in the house as he died in 1922 of a heart attack whilst hunting nearby with the [[Warwickshire]] Foxhounds. His title was taken from his [[horse-racing]] training establishment at [[Manton, Wiltshire|Manton]] near [[Marlborough, Wiltshire|Marlborough]] in [[Wiltshire]]. He was buried nearby in the [[churchyard]] of his estate at [[Offchurch]], Warwickshire. His eldest son and heir [[Miles Watson, 2nd Baron Manton|Miles Watson]] (1899–1968) resided at Compton Verney for a short while, but soon sold it and moved to [[Plumpton Place]] in [[Sussex]].<ref>Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage,  Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p. 739</ref>

===Other===
It then belonged to various owners before being requisitioned by the [[War Office]] during the [[Second World War]]. After the War, the house was never lived in again. It now belongs to the [[Compton Verney House]] Trust who run it as an [[art gallery]].

==See also==
* [[Compton Verney Art Gallery]]
* [[Compton Verney House]]

==Sources==
((refbegin))
*[[William Dugdale|Dugdale, Sir William]], ''Antiquities of Warwickshire'', London, 1656, pp.&nbsp;433–9, ''Compton Murdak''[https://archive.org/details/antiquitiesofwar00dugd/page/432/mode/2up The antiquities of Warwickshire illustrated : from records, leiger-books, manuscripts, charters, evidences, tombes, and armes : beautified with maps, prospects, and portraictures]
*[[Victoria County History]], History of the County of Warwick, Vol. 5, London, 1949, pp.&nbsp;58–60, Kington Hundred, Parishes: Compton Verney [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol5/pp58-60 Parishes: Compton Verney | British History Online]
*Arthur Collins & Sir Egerton Brydges, ''Peerage of England'', Vol.6, 1812, pp.&nbsp;691–703 [https://books.google.com/books?id=yFI5AAAAMAAJ&dq=Odyngsale+of+Longe+Ygyngeton&pg=PA695 Peerage of England. ...]
*William Holden Hutton, ''Highways and Byways in Shakespeare's Country'', London, 1914, pp.&nbsp;50–56 [https://archive.org/details/highwaysandbywa01unkngoog/page/n70/mode/2up Highways and Byways in Shakespeare's Country]
((refend))

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
* ((Commons category-inline|Compton Verney))

((coord|52.17348|N|1.54519|W|region:GB_source:enwiki-osgb36(SP312529)|display=title))

((Stratford-on-Avon district))

((authority control))

[[Category:Villages in Warwickshire]]
[[Category:Verney family]]

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