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((distinguish|Computability logic))
((more citations needed|date=April 2015))

'''Computational logic''' is the use of [[logic]] to perform or reason about [[computation]]. It bears a similar relationship to [[computer science]] and engineering as [[mathematical logic]] bears to [[mathematics]] and as [[philosophical logic]] bears to [[philosophy]]. It is an alternative term for "[[logic in computer science]]".

Computational logic has also come to be associated with [[logic programming]], because much of the early work in logic programming in the early 1970s also took place in the Department of Computational Logic in Edinburgh. It was reused in the early 1990s to describe work on extensions of logic programming in the EU Basic Research Project "Compulog" and in the associated Network of Excellence. [[Krzysztof R. Apt|Krzysztof Apt]], who was the co-ordinator of the Basic Research Project Compulog-II, reused and generalized the term when he founded the ACM Transactions on Computational Logic in 2000 and became its first Editor-in-Chief.

The term “computational logic” came to prominence with the founding of the [[ACM Transactions on Computational Logic]] in 2000.<ref>http://tocl.acm.org official website of ACM Transactions on Computational Logic</ref> However, the term was introduced much earlier, by [[J.A. Robinson]] in 1970.<ref>((cite conference
 |last1                = Robinson
 |first1               = J.A.
 |author-link1         = John Alan Robinson
 |date                 = 1970
 |chapter              = Computational Logic: The Unification Computation
 |chapter-url          = https://aitopics.org/download/classics:E35191E8
 |chapter-format       =
 |editor1-last         = Meltzer
 |editor1-first        = Bernard
 |editor1-link         =
 |editor2-last         = Michie
 |editor2-first        = Donald
 |editor2-link         =
 |url                  = https://www.doc.ic.ac.uk/~shm/MI/mi6.html
 |series               = Machine Intelligence
 |volume               = 6
 |publisher            = Edinburgh University Press
 |publication-date     = 1971
 |pages                = 63–72
 |isbn                 = 085224195X 
 |title                = Proceedings of the Sixth Annual Machine Intelligence Workshop
))</ref> The expression is used in the second paragraph with a footnote claiming that "computational logic" is ''"surely a better phrase than 'theorem proving', for the branch of artificial intelligence which deals with how to make machines do deduction efficiently"''. 

In 1972 the Metamathematics Unit at the [[University of Edinburgh]] was renamed “The Department of Computational Logic” in the School of Artificial Intelligence.<ref name="uni">http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/bundy/ Professor [[Alan Bundy]]'s website</ref> The term was then used by [[Robert S. Boyer]] and [[J Strother Moore]], who worked in the Department in the early 1970s, to describe their work on [[program verification]] and [[automated reasoning]]. They also founded Computational Logic Inc.

== See also ==

* [[Logic programming]]
* [[Automated theorem proving]]
* [[Type theory]]
* [[Formal verification]]

==References==
((reflist))

==Further reading==
* ((cite book |editor=[[Dov M. Gabbay]] |editor2=Jörg H. Siekmann |editor3=John Woods|title=Handbook of the History of Logic |volume=9: Computational Logic|year=2014|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-093067-1))

[[Category:Logic in computer science]]
[[Category:Computational fields of study]]

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