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((Short description|Operational area in film and theatre))
((Refimprove|date=April 2021))
[[File:A modern control booth or technical booth for lighting and sound in a theatre.jpg|thumb|A modern control booth for lighting and sound in a theatre]]
[[File:The view of a theatre control booth from the stage.jpg|thumb|A community theatre's tech booth as seen from the stage]]
The '''control booth''', '''control room''', '''lighting box''', '''technical booth''', '''tech booth''', or just '''booth''' used by television, film or [[theatrical technician]]s is the area designated for the operation of technical equipment ([[stage lighting|lighting]] and [[Sound reinforcement system|sound]]), [[light board|lighting controls]] and [[mixing console|sound board]]. Often one or two [[followspot]]s may be located in the booth as well. In a theater, it is generally an enclosed space with a large sliding window with a good view of the stage centered in the back of the [[Front of House|house]]. It may be on the ground floor or at the balcony level.  In a film or television production, it might be in a trailer or other space near the studio.<ref>Guyer, J. Paul. [https://www.cedengineering.com/userfiles/Intro%20to%20Architectural%20Design%20-%20Theatres%20&%20Concert%20Halls,%20Part%202.pdf "An Introduction to Architectural Design: Theaters & Concert Halls, Part 2], Continuing Education and Development, Inc. (2014), accessed April 13, 2021</ref><ref>[http://www.arch.ttu.edu/people/faculty/driskill_d/5605%20adv%20design%20dallas%20sum%2004/students/zachary_edwards/docs/Black%20Box%20Program.pdf "Studio Theatre"], Fisher Dachs Associates, May 2004, accessed April 13, 2021</ref>

It is designed to allow lighting and sound operators to be able to see the performance, without being in the auditorium itself. This means that they are free to talk to their colleagues in the booth, and also the [[stage management]] team and other crew members via the communications [[Headset (audio)|headset]]. A booth that is sealed to the auditorium also allows for noisier equipment to be used, in particular computers and computer-based [[Lighting control console|lighting desks]], which require built-in fans in order to work properly. The downside to having a sealed booth is that it can be difficult for the sound engineer to mix without being able to hear what is happening on stage.<ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bYIqAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT144 |title=Sound and Music for the Theatre: The Art & Technique of Design |author1=Deena Kaye |author2=James LeBrecht |year=2013 |isbn=9781136081507 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |pages=121–125))</ref> In this situation a separate table may be set up in the house for the sound engineer.<ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e2DjnGZAcXMC&pg=PA188 |title=Buildings for the Performing Arts |author=Ian Appleton |year=2012 |isbn=9781136424120 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |pages=185–188))</ref>

In some smaller theatres and school halls, control booths can sometimes be found above or at the side of the stage.<ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTYTAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA790 |title=Architectural Acoustics |author=Marshall Long |year=2014 |isbn=9780123982650 |publisher=[[Elsevier Science]] |page=790))</ref> This allows space at the back of the auditorium for more seating, or a larger foyer area. In older theatres, this is because before the advent of thyristor dimming and compact electronic control desks, there was a limit on the distance that lighting controls could be placed away from the dimmers.

In some theatres, the control booth is divided into a suite of rooms, allowing each of the technical elements of a production its own customized space. This is especially likely to be the case where a theatre produces performances which require [[live sound mixing]] rather than just pre-recorded effects, as a sound operator needs to be able to hear the sound in the auditorium, and so not be sealed from it as a lighting operator, followspot operator or projectionist might be. In some theatres with one or more balconies, the followspots may be given their own room above the highest balcony, with the lighting booth typically lower down at the rear of the stalls or the first balcony.<ref>((cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VoGLBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA130 |title=Theatres: Planning Guidance for Design and Adaptation |author=Roderick Ham |year=2014 |isbn=9781483278353 |publisher=[[Elsevier Science]] |page=130))</ref>

In rare cases, such as low-budget theatres or ones at small or older schools, the control booth is not enclosed as its own space; rather, it is part of the seating house. This setup is almost never used because it hinders the possibility of the technician team to effectively communicate to the backstage area without disrupting the performance.

==Contents==
[[Image:TechBooth.JPG|thumb|right|A balcony-level control booth. The stage is to the right.]]
The booth contains a variety of equipment used in the production of theatrical performances. Although booths vary greatly from venue to venue, most booths contain a [[light board]], and sometimes a [[mixing console|sound board]]. Most control booths have at least one intercom headset used for communication with the backstage crew during performances. The booth may have equipment racks for the lighting and audio equipment.

==See also==
*[[Parts of a theater]]

==References==
((reflist))

((DEFAULTSORT:Control Booth (Theater)))
[[Category:Parts of a theatre]]
[[Category:Stagecraft]]
[[Category:Stage lighting]]

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