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((Use dmy dates|date=June 2023))
((About|the capital city of Morelos|the municipality with the same name|Cuernavaca Municipality)) 
((Infobox settlement
| name                     = Cuernavaca
| official_name            = 
| native_name              = ((lang|nci|Cuauhnāhuac))
| other_name               = 
| settlement_type          = City and municipality
<!-- images and maps  ----------->
| image_skyline            = Montaje de Cuernavaca.jpg
| image_caption            = '''From top, left to right''': Train bridge in the Chapultepec Ecological Park, Kiosk in Jardín Juárez, Chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Inner courtyard of the Robert Brady Museum, Restaurant Alondra (Historic Center), El Castillito, Side facade of the entrance to Villa Cuauhnáhuac, Chapitel del Calvario, View of the dome of the Parish of Our Lady of Guadalupe, General Carlos Pacheco Villalobos Monument, Borda Garden, Tower of the Robert Brady Museum
| image_flag               = Bandera de Cuernavaca, Morelos.svg
| image_seal               = 
| image_shield             = Glifo de Cuernavaca.svg
| nickname                 = ''"City of Eternal Spring"''
| pushpin_map              = Mexico Morelos#Mexico
| pushpin_label_position   = above
| pushpin_mapsize          = 300
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location in Mexico
<!-- Location ------------------>
| coordinates              = ((coord|18|55|07|N|99|14|03|W|region:MX-MOR|display=inline,title))
| subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name         = ((MEX))
| subdivision_type1        = [[List of states of Mexico|State]]
| subdivision_name1        = [[Morelos]]
| subdivision_type2        = 
| subdivision_name2        = 
| established_title        = Founded
| established_date         = 1714
| established_title2       = Municipal Status
| established_date2        = 1821
| leader_title             = [[Mayor]] 
| leader_name              = José Luis Urióstegui ([[National Action Party (Mexico)|PAN]])
| total_type               = Municipality
| area_total_km2           = 151.2
| area_land_km2            = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox settlement for details on automatic unit conversion-->
| area_water_km2           = 
| elevation_m              = 1510
| elevation_point          = of seat
<!-- Population   ----------------------->
| population_footnotes     = &nbsp;Municipality
| population_total         = 366,321
| population_as_of         = 2015<ref>http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804023637/https://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/ |date=4 August 2022 )) Retrieved Dee 18, 2018.</ref>
| population_density_km2   = 
| population_blank1_title  = Seat
| population_blank1        = 332,197
<!-- GDP   ----------------------->
| demographics_type1       = [[GDP|GDP (PPP, constant 2015 values)]]
| demographics1_footnotes  = 
| demographics1_title1     = Year
| demographics1_info1      = 2023
| demographics1_title2     = Total
| demographics1_info2      = $19.0&nbsp;billion<ref name="TelluBase">((cite web|url=https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf|publisher=Tellusant|title=TelluBase—Mexico Fact Sheet (Tellusant Public Service Series)|access-date=2024-01-11|archive-date=13 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113154659/https://tellusant.com/repo/tb/tellubase_factsheet_mex.pdf|url-status=live))</ref>
<!-- General information  --------------->
| timezone                 = [[Central Standard Time|CST]]
| utc_offset               = −6
| timezone_DST             = [[Central Daylight Time|CDT]]
| utc_offset_DST           = −5
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| postal_code_type         = Postal code (of seat) <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
| postal_code              = 62000
| area_code                = 777
| website                  = ((in lang|es)) ((Official URL))
))

'''Cuernavaca''' (((IPA-es|3=Cuernavaca.ogg|kweɾnaˈβaka)); ((lang-nci|Cuauhnāhuac)) ((IPA|nci|kʷawˈnaːwak|)), "near the woods" ((audio|Kuaujnawak.ogg|modern pronunciation)), [[Otomi language|Otomi]]: ((Lang|ote|Ñu'iza))) is the capital and largest city of the [[Mexican state|state]] of [[Morelos]] in [[Mexico]]. Along with Chalcaltzingo, it is likely one of the origins of the [[Mesoamerica|Mesoamerican]] civilization.  Olmec works of art, currently displayed in the Museum of Anthropology in Mexico City were found in the Gualupita III archeological site. 

The city is located south of [[Mexico City]] and reached via a 90-minute drive using the [[Mexican Federal Highway 95D|Federal Highway 95D]].<ref name="wright">((cite web |first=Anthony |last=Wright |title=In Morelos, Cuernavaca springs eternal |url=http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/3365-in-morelos-cuernavaca-springs-eternal |work=MexConnect |date=17 April 2009 |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-date=23 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323172857/http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/3365-in-morelos-cuernavaca-springs-eternal |url-status=live ))</ref>

The name ''Cuernavaca'' is a [[phonaesthetics|euphonism]] derived from the [[Nahuatl]] toponym ((lang|nci|Cuauhnāhuac)) and means 'surrounded by or close to trees'. The name was Hispanicized to ''Cuernavaca''; [[Hernán Cortés]] called it ''Coadnabaced'' in his letters to [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], and [[Bernal Díaz del Castillo]] used the name ''Cuautlavaca'' in his chronicles.<ref>((cite web |url=https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2017/03/28/mexico/1490652858_045140.html |work=[[El País]] |title=Estos 11 nombres Mexicanos surgiegeron por malentendidos entre los Españoles y los y los pueblos Mesoamericanos |date=28 March 2017 |access-date=30 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=These 11 names came from misunderstandings between the Spanish and the Mesoamerican peoples |archive-date=31 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231092402/https://verne.elpais.com/verne/2017/03/28/mexico/1490652858_045140.html |url-status=live ))</ref> The coat-of-arms of the municipality is based on the pre-Columbian pictograph emblem of the city that depicts a tree trunk (((lang|nci|cuahuitl))) with three branches, with foliage, and four roots colored red. There is a cut in the trunk in the form of a mouth, from which emerges a [[speech scroll]], probably representing the language Nahuatl and by extension the locative suffix ((lang|nci|-nāhuac)), meaning 'near'.<ref name="encmuc">((cite web |title= Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México ESTADO DE MORELOS CUERNAVACA |url= http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_morelos |language= es |access-date= 28 September 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081119042652/http://www.e-local.gob.mx/wb2/ELOCAL/EMM_morelos |archive-date= 19 November 2008 |url-status= dead ))</ref>

Cuernavaca has long been a favorite escape for Mexico City residents and foreign visitors because of its warm, stable climate and abundant vegetation. The municipality was designated a Forest Protection Zone by President [[Lázaro Cárdenas]] in 1937 to protect the aquifers, the vegetation, and the quality of life of residents, both in Mexico City and locally.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Proy-Acuerdo-Declarat-area-nat-BOSQUE-MIRADOR-1.pdf |title=Acuerdo por el que se declara el área natural protegida denominada "Bosque Mirador" |trans-title=Agreement declaring the protected natural area called "Bosque Mirador" |publisher=City of Cuernavaca |access-date=30 December 2018 |archive-date=31 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231092550/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Proy-Acuerdo-Declarat-area-nat-BOSQUE-MIRADOR-1.pdf |url-status=dead ))</ref> The city was nicknamed the "City of Eternal Spring" by [[Alexander von Humboldt]] in the 19th century.<ref name="verdadera">((cite web |first=Barbara |last=Kastelein |url=http://www.revistatravesias.com/numero-59/fin-de-semana/cuernavaca-la-verdadera-historia-de-su-eterna-primavera.html |work=Revista Travesias |location=Mexico City |title=Cuernavaca: la verdadera historia de su eterna primavera |trans-title=Cuernavaca: The true story of its eternal spring |date=November 2006 |access-date=28 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920124640/http://www.revistatravesias.com/numero-59/fin-de-semana/cuernavaca-la-verdadera-historia-de-su-eterna-primavera.html |archive-date=20 September 2009 ))</ref> 
[[Tlatoani|Aztec emperors]] had summer residences there, and considering its location of just a 1½-hour drive from Mexico City, today many Mexico City residents maintain homes there.<ref name="rumbo">((cite web |title=Cuernavaca, Mexico Caminando sin rumbo |url=http://www.caminandosinrumbo.com/mexico/cuernavaca/ |date=July 2006 |access-date=28 September 2009 |language=es |trans-title=Cuernavaca, Mexico: Wandering aimlessly |work=Caminando sin Rumbo |archive-date=22 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160322073228/http://caminandosinrumbo.com/mexico/cuernavaca/ |url-status=live ))</ref> Cuernavaca is also host to a large foreign resident population, including large numbers of students who come to study the Spanish language.<ref name="morse">((cite web |first=Emily |last=Morse |title=Cuernavaca, Mexico: The Perfect Place to Study Spanish |url=http://www.gonomad.com/alternatives/0606/cuernavaca.html |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-date=31 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131161612/http://www.gonomad.com/alternatives/0606/cuernavaca.html |url-status=live ))</ref>

==The city==

===City of Eternal Spring===
[[File:Jardin borda.jpg|thumb|Flora in the Jardín Borda]]
Cuernavaca was one of the cities of the world [[nickname]]d "City of Eternal Spring". This appelative derived from [[Alexander von Humboldt]]'s  ''Researches concerning the institutions & monuments of the ancient inhabitants of America...:''<ref>((Cite book|last1=Humboldt|first1=Alexander von|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/125538|title=Researches concerning the institutions & monuments of the ancient inhabitants of America : with descriptions & views of some of the most striking scenes in the Cordilleras!|last2=Williams|first2=Helen Maria|date=1814|publisher=Published by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, J. Murray & H. Colburn|volume=v.1-2 (1814) [Lacks:Pl.3]|location=London|access-date=23 September 2020|archive-date=23 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923075209/https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/125538|url-status=live))</ref>

((Blockquote|text=To the south east of the city of Cuernuvaca (the ancient Quauhnahuac), on the western declivity of the Cordillera of Anahuac, in that happy region, designated by the inhabitants under the name of ''tierra templada'' (temperate region) because it is the reign of perpetual spring, rises an insolated hill, which, according to the barometrical measurement of Mr. Alzate, is one hundred and seven metres high.|author=Humboldt (1810)|title=|source=))

The city is located in a tropical region, but its temperature is fairly constant at ((convert|70|-|79|F|C|order=flip)). It is located on the southern slope of the ''Sierra de Chichinautzin'' mountains. In the morning, warm air flows up the mountains from the valley below and in the late afternoon, cooler air flows down from the higher elevations. One ubiquitous flowering plant in the city is the [[bougainvillea]].<ref>((cite web |url=http://old.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/gardens/cuernavaca.html |last=Robleda de Buckley |first=Blanca |title=Ethnobotanical Garden in Cuernavaca |date=16 April 2016 |access-date=15 January 2019 |archive-date=16 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190116095852/http://old.planeta.com/ecotravel/mexico/gardens/cuernavaca.html |url-status=dead ))</ref>

This pleasant climate has attracted royalty and nobles since Aztec times. Foreign princes, archdukes, and other nobles have been attracted to this place because of its flowers, sun, fruits, fresh-water springs, and waterfalls. Emperor [[Maximilian I of Mexico]] set up a country residence in the city. Philanthropist [[Barbara Hutton]], who held several royal titles through marriage, had a home on the outskirts of the city.<ref>((cite web|last1=Winger|first1=Anna|title=Visiting an "Exquisite Limbo" in Mexico|url=http://www.cntraveler.com/stories/2015-12-31/an-ex-pats-guide-to-cuernavaca-mexico|website=Condé Nast Traveller|date=2 January 2016|access-date=7 January 2017|archive-date=25 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161025025806/http://www.cntraveler.com/stories/2015-12-31/an-ex-pats-guide-to-cuernavaca-mexico|url-status=live))</ref> [[Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy]] (b. 1943) lived there from 1971 to 1999, and the Shah of Iran, [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]], lived in exile in the city following the Iranian Revolution.<ref>((cite news |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1979/06/12/internacional/297986421_850215.html |title=El sha de Irán se instala temporalmente en México |newspaper=El Pais |date=12 June 1979 |access-date=18 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=The Shah of Iran moves to Mexico temporarily |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217110621/https://elpais.com/diario/1979/06/12/internacional/297986421_850215.html |url-status=live ))</ref> Although a native of the U.S., [[Bauhaus]] designer Michael van Beuren established his residence in a family hacienda in Cuernavaca while fleeing the rise of the Nazi regime in Germany (where he studied and practiced his profession), and a colony of Bauhaus designers grew in the city during World War II.<ref name="verdadera"/>

=== Cuernavaca metropolitan area ===
[[File:Libramiento Cuernavaca.JPG|thumb|Highway in the newer area of the city]]
Cuernavaca always has been a popular place for people from Mexico City to escape the city. In the 20th century, the climate and flora began to attract many foreigners as well. Population increase in this urban area began in 1940, but the metro area was not created, nor recognized, until the 1960s. From this time the population and the extension of the metropolitan area have grown. From 1960 to 1980, the population had grown from 85,620 to 368,166. From the 1980s to the present, the municipalities of [[Emiliano Zapata, Morelos|Emiliano Zapata]], [[Jiutepec]], [[Texmixco, Morelos|Temixco]], [[Tepoztlán]], and [[Xochitepec]] have been added to the metropolitan area. These municipalities have seen the highest rates of growth, however; population and economic activity remain concentrated in the city of Cuernavaca proper. The metropolitan area has a population of 912,024 and the municipality has 366,321 inhabitants, as of 2015.<ref>((cite web |url=http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/app/areasgeograficas/?ag=17 |title=Mexico in Figures |date=January 2016 |publisher=Insituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia |access-date=18 December 2018 |archive-date=19 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219000820/http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/app/areasgeograficas/?ag=17 |url-status=live ))</ref>

Over the decades since 1970, this metropolitan area has become more economically and socially integrated with the Mexico City metropolitan area. Many people from Mexico City own second homes there for weekend retreats, both for the climate and for the well-developed infrastructure. Starting in the 1980s permanent migration of Mexico City residents began, spurred by pollution and crime problems in the capital. The [[1985 Mexico City earthquake]] also pushed many well-to-do families there, fearful of the next catastrophe. In many of these cases, the main breadwinner commutes each day to work in Mexico City. This has produced a considerable increase in housing developments on the outskirts of the city, especially in the late 1990s and 2000s. This influx has had a positive economic benefit for the city but has put pressure on the infrastructure as well. 85% of the city of Cuernavaca is dedicated to housing, and much of this is in middle-class housing developments such as ''Rancho Cortés, Rancho Tetela'', and ''Colonia del Bosque'', which are located on the outskirts of the city. Lower-income housing is concentrated in the city proper.((citation needed|date=January 2019))

==History==

===Indigenous peoples===
[[File:Cuernavaca Teopanzolco.JPG|thumb|Ruins at Teopanzolco, Cuernavaca]]
Burials dated to c. 1000 [[BCE]] have been found in Gualupita, Morelos, in the north of the city.<ref>((cite book|last1=Evans|first1=Susan Toby|last2=Webster|first2=David L.|title=Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America: An Encyclopedia|date=2001|publisher=Garland Publishing|location=New York|isbn=0-8153-0887-6|page=304|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vZ3DAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA304|access-date=22 December 2017|language=en|archive-date=1 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201214825/https://books.google.com/books?id=vZ3DAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA304#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live))</ref>

The first major culture to inhabit this area was the [[Tlahuica]], whose main settlement was where the city of Cuernavaca is today. The Tlahuicas have inhabited this area at least since the 12th century.<ref name="rumbo" />

The first incursions south into the area by peoples of the [[Valley of Mexico]] occurred in the 12th century, when a lord named Xolotl (ruler of [[Texcoco (altepetl)|Tetzcoco]]) conquered most of the Valley of Mexico. An allied [[Chichimeca]] tribe also moved south into what is now northern Morelos state, making Techintecuitla lord of the Cuauhnahuac (as they called the city) area, with the Tlahuicas concentrated in the nearby towns of Yecapixtla and Yautecatle. According to the Tlatelolco Annals, in 1365, the lord of Cuauhnahuac, Macuilxochitl, tried to conquer lands as far as the Valley of Mexico, but was met by the lord of [[Chalco (altépetl)|Chalco]], Tzalcualtitlan, with similar ambitions.<ref name="machistoria">((cite web |author=Municipality of Cuernavaca |title=Historia |url=http://mac.cuernavaca.gob.mx/portal/secciones/historia/index.php |publisher=Municipality of Cuernavaca |location=Cuernavaca, Mexico |language=es |trans-title=History |access-date=28 September 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091012202546/http://mac.cuernavaca.gob.mx/portal/secciones/historia/index.php |archive-date=12 October 2009 ))</ref>

The first [[Aztec]] emperor, [[Acamapichtli]], began to expand his empire to the south of the Valley of Mexico and beyond in the 1370s. His successor, [[Huitzilihuitl]], was eager to press on into what is now Morelos state because of the cotton grown there, it was called ''Tlalnahuatl'' at that time. He asked to marry the daughter of the ruler of Tlalnahuatl but was rejected. That rejection started a war that ended with an Aztec victory in 1396. ''Huitziliuitl'' then married the princess and [[Moctezuma I]] was born of the union. Credit for the conquest of Cuernavaca is given to Acamapichtli in the ''Mendocino Codex'', but later writings cite [[Itzcóatl]], or even Moctezuma I, as the conqueror. The conquered dominion, ''Tlalnahuac'', was roughly the size of the modern state of Morelos, and subsequently was renamed as ''Cuauhnahuac'' by the Aztecs.<ref name="machistoria" />

From 1403 to 1426, this province grew in strength, subduing neighboring peoples such as the ''Coauixcas''. Eventually, the province, then ruled by Miquiuix, rebelled against the Aztec Empire. This rebellion was put down by [[Totoquihuatzin]] and [[Nezahualcoyotl (tlatoani)|Netzahualcoyotl]] in 1433. This area then joined in the conquests of what now are known as [[Taxco]], [[Tepecoacuilco de Trujano|Tepecuacuilco]], and [[Ocuilán]]. For tribute purposes, the dominion was divided into two zones, one headed by Cuauhnahuac and the other by [[Oaxtepec|Huaxtepec]].<ref name="machistoria" />

===Spanish Conquest and colonization===
[[File:Cuernavaca Palacio Cortes.JPG|thumb|View of the [[Palace of Cortés, Cuernavaca|Palace of Cortés]], the oldest conserved colonial era civil structure on the continental Americas]]

At the time of the [[Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire|Spanish Conquest]], Itzohuatzin was governing Cuauhnahuac. It was a rich city and densely populated, with large farms and its characteristic ravines bridged over. The Spanish marched on Cuernavaca even before taking the Aztec capital of [[Tenochtitlan]].<ref name=Diaz>Diaz, B., 1963, ''The Conquest of New Spain'', London: Penguin Books, ((ISBN|0140441239))</ref>((rp|338–340))  They were led by [[Gonzalo de Sandoval]] and he was joined later by the [[conquistador]], [[Hernán Cortés]].<ref name="machistoria" /> The bridges were destroyed to prevent the Spanish from entering the city, but they were able to cross on a fallen tree. The Spanish troops pillaged and burned the city before retiring to nearby [[Acapantzingo, Cuernavaca|Acapantzingo]], where they celebrated the first mass in Morelos on Sunday, 14 April 1521, before continuing their march on the capital.<ref>((cite book|title=Acapantzingo, Tierra Florida de Historia y Tradiciones|language=es|pages=28, 101|trans-title=Acapantzingo, Flowered land of history and Traditions|first=Ma. Cristina|last=Toledano Vergara|publisher=Instituto de Cultura de Morelos|location=Cuernavaca|date=1999))</ref> The Spanish had difficulty pronouncing the Nahua name of the city and changed it to ''Cuernavaca.''<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.morelosturistico.com/espanol/pagina/z_112_Cuernavaca__Historia.php |title=Cuernavaca: Historia |publisher=Morelos Turistico.com |access-date=19 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Cuernavaca: History |archive-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204101952/http://www.morelosturistico.com/espanol/pagina/z_112_Cuernavaca__Historia.php |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/mexico/south-of-mexico-city/cuernavaca/history |title=History |publisher=Lonely Planet |access-date=19 January 2019))</ref>

Cortés returned to Cuernavaca in 1523, stopping in Tlaltenango, where he founded the Church of San José and constructed the first sugar plantation. The fertility of these lands compelled the conquistador to found his favorite residence here.((citation needed|date=January 2019)) Juana de Zúñiga, Cortes's wife, lived in Cuernavaca in the [[Palace of Cortés, Cuernavaca|palace]] that was constructed in 1526. Cortes then moved the hacienda in Tlaltenango to Amatitlan.<ref name="encmuc" /> The [[Franciscans]] arrived in Cuernavaca in 1529 and founded their 5th monastery in [[New Spain]] there. This first group included ''Martín de Lua, Francisco Martínez, Luis Ortiz, Juan de Cervo, Francisco de Soto, Andrés de Córdova, Martín de Jesús, [[Juan Juárez]], Juan de Motolinía'', and ''Juan García de Cervo''.((citation needed|date=January 2019)) Originally they lived at the San Francisquito hermitage, but later they constructed the open-air chapel, [[Capilla Abierta]], at what was to become a monastery and eventually the [[Cuernavaca Cathedral]]. They extended their presence into the neighboring communities of [[Tetecala, Morelos|Tetecala]], [[Jiutepec]], and [[Tlaquiltenango]], among others, eventually forming the province of Santo Evangelio, which would be part of the province of Mexico in 1543.

In 1646, this province was reorganized several times. Cuernavaca and Cuautla became high mayorships which answered directly to the viceregal authorities in Mexico City. In 1786, New Spain was divided into twelve provinces and in 1824, Cuernavaca was initially a district of Mexico City.<ref name="machistoria" />

===Independence to Revolution===
During the [[Mexican War of Independence]], [[José María Morelos]] was imprisoned at the Palacio de Cortés in November 1815.<ref>((cite web |date=8 May 2018 |title=Museo Regional Cuauhnáhuac (Palacio de Cortés) |trans-title=Regional Museum Cuauhnahuac (Palace of Cortes) |url=https://www.inah.gob.mx/red-de-museos/249-museo-regional-cuauhnahuac-palacio-de-cortes |access-date=19 January 2019 |publisher=INAH |language=es |archive-date=22 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622034506/https://www.inah.gob.mx/red-de-museos/249-museo-regional-cuauhnahuac-palacio-de-cortes |url-status=dead ))</ref> [[Agustín de Iturbide]]'s army passed through Cuernavaca to fight [[Vicente Guerrero]] in 1820 and came through again in 1821, as the head of the [[Ejército Trigarante]].<ref name="elclima.com.mx">((cite web |url=https://www.elclima.com.mx/fundacion_e_historia_de_cuernavaca.htm |title=Fundación e historia de Cuernavaca |publisher=El Clima |access-date=19 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Foundation and History of Cuernavaca |archive-date=1 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201214823/https://www.elclima.com.mx/fundacion_e_historia_de_cuernavaca.htm |url-status=live ))</ref> After Independence and with the Constitution of 1824, the territory now known as the State of Morelos became part of the [[State of Mexico]]. Between 1827 and 1829, Cuernavaca was a district of this state. From 1829 to 1833, it was called a prefecture. In 1833, the State of Mexico declared the Atlacomulco Hacienda, which contains the Palacio de Cortés and Cortés's houses in [[Coyoacán]], to be public property.<ref name="machistoria" />

[[File:AltarGuadTabCV.JPG|thumb|left|Main altar of the Chapel of The Third Order of Saint Francis]]
In 1834, Ignacio Echevarría and [[José María Tornel]] drafted the [[Plan of Cuernavaca]], which permitted [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]] to disregard the laws protecting church property, exile [[Valentín Gómez Farías]], reopen the university, and dissolve the tribunal that was set to convict [[Anastasio Bustamante]] for the assassination of Vicente Guerrero. In the same year, the State of Mexico declared Cuernavaca to be a city.<ref name="machistoria" /><ref name="elclima.com.mx"/>

During the [[Mexican–American War]] (1846-1847), Cuernavaca was captured by the [[George Cadwalader|Cadwalader Brigade]] and was forced to pay retributions to the U.S. Army after the Cuernavaca Infantry under [[Francisco Modesto Olabuibel]] fell.

During the [[Ayutla Rebellion]] in 1854, Santa Anna was forced out of the capital of Mexico City in 1855. He moved his government to Cuernavaca, reorganized it, and named a junta to elect an interim president. This junta consisted of [[Valentín Gómez Farías]], [[Melchor Ocampo]], [[Benito Juárez]], [[Francisco de P. Zendejas]], Diego Álvarez, and [[Joaquín Moreno]]. They then voted for Alvarez as president. This new president swore to uphold the Plan of Ayutla and his inauguration was celebrated with much pomp in the city.<ref name="machistoria" /> Ministers from Guatemala, the United States, and Great Britain, as well as the Apostolic Delegate and the Consuls of Belgium, Chile, and some Asian countries, moved to Cuernavaca and recognized the Álvarez government.<ref name="elclima.com.mx"/>

In 1853, the District of Cuernavaca and the District of Mexico were declared separate.<ref name="machistoria" />

During the [[Reform War]] (1857–1860) when conservatives rejected the liberal constitution of 1857, Juan Vicario voiced the cry of "Religión y Fueros" (Religion and Immunity) in Cuernavaca on 13 January 1858. In 1861, the Government of the State of Mexico created the districts of Cuernavaca, Jonacatepec, Tautepec, and Tetecala.<ref name="encmuc" />

In order to facilitate operations against the French during the [[Second French intervention in Mexico|French Intervention]], President Juarez divided the State of Mexico into three military districts. The third consisted of the territories of Cuernavaca, [[Yautepec de Zaragoza|Yautepec]], and Tetecala, with its capital in the city of Cuernavaca. Soon thereafter, this district fell into French hands. [[Maximilian I of Mexico|Maximilian I]] converted the Borda Garden into his summer residence and bought land in nearby [[Acapantzingo, Cuernavaca|Acapantzingo]] to construct a chalet. This prompted the construction of the Mexico-Cuernavaca highway.<ref name="machistoria" />

When the French-installed monarch fell in 1867, Republican forces under [[Francisco Leyva]], [[Ignacio Figueroa]], and [[Ignacio Manuel Altamirano]] laid siege to Cuernavaca, which was defended by General Joaquín Ayestarán. The attackers cut off water supplies to the city and attacked on 3 January, but were met with a long series of street battles throughout the city. During the fighting, the general was killed and the Republican forces withdrew, victorious, to Mexico City, but only after burning a large portion of the city.<ref name="machistoria" />

[[File:Emiliano Zapata en la ciudad de Cuernavaca.jpg|thumb|Emiliano Zapata in Cuernavaca]]
The State of Morelos was created in April 1869, with General Francisco Leyva as its first governor. Cuernavaca was declared the capital of the new state in November of the same year. In 1877, under Governor [[Carlos Pacheco]], the [[Toluca]]-Cuernavaca highway was built and a rail connection created between Cuernavaca and Mexico City. The Porfirio Díaz Theater was opened in February 1882, and the first Public Health Board in the city was established the same year.<ref name="elclima.com.mx"/> In 1891, the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cuernavaca|Diocese of Cuernavaca]] was established by [[Pope Leo XII]], comprising the entire state of Morelos, with Hipolito Vera as the first bishop of Cuernavaca.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.diocesisdecuernavaca.org.mx/wp/historia/ |title=Historia |publisher=Diocesis de Cuernavaca |access-date=19 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=History |archive-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120144340/http://www.diocesisdecuernavaca.org.mx/wp/historia/ |url-status=dead ))</ref> The first locomotive arrived on 1 December 1897, and a bridge was constructed to connect the center of the city with the train station.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/cuernavaca/puente-porfirio-diaz-sitio-historico-de-cuernavaca/ |title=Puente Porfirio Díaz, sitio histórico de Cuernavaca |publisher=Morelos Habla |date=19 January 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Porfirio Diaz Bridge, historical site |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801081314/https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/cuernavaca/puente-porfirio-diaz-sitio-historico-de-cuernavaca/ |url-status=dead ))</ref> The [[Bank of Morelos]] was founded in 1903.<ref name="elclima.com.mx"/>

===Mexican Revolution and 20th century===
[[File:Cuernavaca in 1893.jpg|thumb|left|Cuernavaca in 1893. [[Library of Congress|Library of US Congress]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://relatosehistorias.mx/nuestras-historias/el-misterio-de-las-ninas-sepultadas-en-la-cruz-atrial-de-la-catedral-de|title=EL MISTERIO DE LAS NIÑAS SEPULTADAS EN LA CRUZ ATRIAL DE LA CATEDRAL DE CUERNAVACA|website=relatosehistorias.mx|date=29 March 2020|access-date=3 July 2022|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703183512/https://relatosehistorias.mx/nuestras-historias/el-misterio-de-las-ninas-sepultadas-en-la-cruz-atrial-de-la-catedral-de|url-status=live))</ref>]]
In 1909, the anti-reelection movement was established in Cuernavaca, and by the end of this same year guerilla operations against the Diaz government were headed by [[Genovevo de la O]] in [[Santa María Ahuacatitlán]]. [[Emiliano Zapata]] took over the movement in the south and named De la O in charge of the Cuernavaca area. On 21 May 1911, Cuernavaca was evacuated by government troops, leaving the entire state in rebel hands. Professor Brunk, describing Zapata's triumph, writes "On the twenty-sixth, at 4 o'clock on a bright Friday afternoon, Zapata rode triumphantly into that city at the head of four thousand troops. Waving images of the Virgin of Guadalupe overhead, these revolutionaries were a ragged lot in the eyes of the urbane. But to the throngs who greeted them - the common people of Morelos, the young girls with armfuls of bougainvillea - they were conquering heroes."<ref name="houstonculture.org">((cite web|url=http://houstonculture.org/mexico/morelos2.html|title=History of Mexico - The State of Morelos, Emiliano Zapata|website=houstonculture.org|access-date=3 December 2018|archive-date=6 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206011509/http://www.houstonculture.org/mexico/morelos2.html|url-status=live))</ref> President [[Francisco I. Madero]] visited the city on 12 June 1911, and he attended a banquet in the Borda Garden.<ref name="elclima.com.mx"/> The city later fell to the forces of Huerta, and Zapata began to lay siege to Cuernavaca in May 1914 with 3,600 men, falling by August. Later, on 26 January 1915, the Revolutionary government was moved to the city, in defiance of Carranza and the Constitutionalists. However, Zapata lost control of Cuernavaca on 2 May 1916 and was forced to return to guerilla warfare.<ref name="houstonculture.org"/>

The Spanish flu came to Cuernavaca in 1918, leaving only 3,000 survivors, although by May 1920 it had a population of 12,799.<ref name="elclima.com.mx"/>

[[File:Palacio de Gobernacion (Cuernavaca, Morelos).jpg|thumb|left|The Head Government Building of Cuernavaca]]

Wealthy North Americans and Europeans established secondary residences in Cuernavaca and took long vacations there or frequently traveled back and forth, while servants maintained the haciendas in their absence. Sometimes, their offspring have made Cuernavaca their permanent residence, creating an enclave of natives with international roots bearing the influence of their cultures. For example, when the American designer, Michael van Beuren fled Germany with members of Bauhaus, where he was practicing his profession, he took up residence at the vacation hacienda of his parents in Cuernavaca, and stayed permanently, establishing his factory nearby and raising his family there. Others in his family began to reside there year 'round. Their children were natives of Mexico. ((YouTube|ANM-U91sj7A))

After his installation as U.S. Ambassador to Mexico in 1927, American businessman [[Dwight Morrow]] established a weekend home in Cuernavaca on the street that today bears his name. It was here that his daughter Anne met famed aviator [[Charles Lindbergh]], whom Morrow had invited to Mexico. In celebration of his daughter's engagement to Lindbergh and to thank the people of Cuernavaca, in 1929 Morrow commissioned [[Diego Rivera]] to paint the mural "[[History of Morelos, Conquest and Revolution]]" at the Palacio de Cortes.<ref>((cite web | url=https://memoriapoliticademexico.org/Biografias/MDW73.html | title=Memoria Política de México | access-date=3 December 2018 | archive-date=4 December 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204053801/https://memoriapoliticademexico.org/Biografias/MDW73.html | url-status=live ))</ref>

During the 1920s and 1930s, Cuernavaca became a place to vacation and gamble when the Hotel de la Selva was converted into the [[Casino de la Selva]], which attracted people such as [[Rita Hayworth]], [[Bugsy Siegel]], and [[Al Capone]] to Cuernavaca,((citation needed|date=January 2019)) however, gambling was shut down by [[Lázaro Cárdenas]] in 1934. He is the same president who declared the area a ZPG (Forest Protection Zone). The casino hosted very important artistic works, including murals of Alvarez Icaza, Messeguer, and the architecture of Candela. The main vault was considered to be the "Mexican Sistine Chapel" by Nobel Prize author, Gabriel García Márquez.((citation needed|date=January 2019))

1936 was the year that Malcolm Lowry wrote his short story, "Under The Volcano", which inspired his 1947 novel of the same name. It has never gone out of print and was made into a [[Under the Volcano (1984 film)|movie]] in 1984. Cuernavaca, or Quaunahuac, as it is called in the novel, and the surrounding area, figure prominently in this great historical novel, where extensive details on Mexican history, culture, topography, and especially, politics and religion figure prominently. The recurrent artifacts are the twin volcanos, [[Popocatepetl]] and [[Iztaccihuatl]], and the barranca, symbols of division, death, and rebirth in the city of eternal spring.

Dr. [[Sergio Méndez Arceo]] became bishop of Cuernavaca in 1952. Mendez was known as a leading voice of ''Liberation Theology'' and he was a human rights activist.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/m/mendez_arcea.htm |title=Sergio Méndez Arceo |publisher=Biografias y Vidas |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Sergio Mendez Arceo |archive-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113052043/https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/m/mendez_arcea.htm |url-status=live ))</ref>

In 1956, [[Erich Fromm]] founded the Sociedad Mexicana de Psicoanálisis and from his house in Cuernavaca promoted new ideas in the field of [[psychiatry]], incorporating [[Zen Buddhism]] and "communal psychoanalytic studies" (estudios psicoanalíticos comunitarios). This attracted many artists, composers, architects, and counterculture types here.<ref name="verdadera" /> In the 1960s, the city was one of the centers of the [[psychedelic movement]].((citation needed|date=January 2019)) [[Timothy Leary]] tried [[psilocybin]] mushrooms there in the summer of 1960 and came back regularly to repeat the experience.

There was a riot in Cuernavaca in February 1957 after a police officer shot and killed Jorge Garrigós.<ref name="inafed.gob.mx">((cite web |url=http://inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM17morelos/historia.html |title=Morelos:Historia |publisher=Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de Mexico |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Morelos:History |archive-date=29 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190129034834/http://www.inafed.gob.mx/work/enciclopedia/EMM17morelos/historia.html |url-status=dead ))</ref>

In 1966, Austrian priest [[Ivan Illich]] founded the ''Centro Intercultural de Documentación'' (CIDOC) to teach Spanish language and culture to North American missionaries. This center was closed by order of the Vatican in 1969,<ref name="inafed.gob.mx"/> but several of the teachers continued elsewhere in the city, making Cuernavaca a leading center of Spanish-language teaching for foreigners.

More recently the city has seen a very active society dedicated to the preservation of its environment and cultural heritage. The ''Frente Civico'' which is now influential throughout the country, along with some 150 other organizations has promoted a boycott against [[Costco]] for having destroyed the Casino de la Selva to build a couple of warehouses. One of its members, Professor Jaime Lagunez, lobbied a general agreement in the national congress for the purpose of protecting its sixty archeological sites, its vegetation, historic center, and neighboring forests, among other important cultural aspects of the city.<ref>((Cite web |url=https://es.scribd.com/document/322348956/Punto-de-Acuerdo |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 August 2016 |archive-date=13 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113075828/https://es.scribd.com/document/322348956/Punto-de-Acuerdo |url-status=live ))</ref> The ''Frente Civico'' received the 2004 National Mendez Arceo Human Rights Award for having protected the world cultural heritage found in the city.((citation needed|date=January 2019))

===21st century===
The [[2017 Puebla earthquake|19 September 2017 earthquake]] with a magnitude of 7.1 killed four people<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/113372-reportes-rapidos-despues-del-sismo-de-7-1.html |title=Reportes rápidos después del sismo de 7.1 |publisher=La Union de Morelos |date=19 September 2017 |access-date=17 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=Quick reports after the earthquake of 7.1 |archive-date=5 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190105005958/https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/113372-reportes-rapidos-despues-del-sismo-de-7-1.html |url-status=live ))</ref> and damaged or destroyed 180 homes, 11 churches, and 10 other Cuernavaca buildings, including the Cortés Palace, the cathedral, and the landmark ''Torre Latinoamericana'', according to Fernando Manrique Rivas, general director of ''Protección Civil de Cuernavaca''.<ref>((cite web |url=https://sinlineadiario.com.mx/archivos/37867 |title=11 iglesias y 10 edificios con daños en Cuernavaca |publisher=Sin Limite Multimedia |last=Ladino |first=Antonella |date=21 September 2017 |access-date=17 December 2018 |trans-title=11 churches and 10 buildings damaged in Cuernavaca |archive-date=18 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218102138/https://sinlineadiario.com.mx/archivos/37867 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Cuernavaca instituted a curfew and possible arrest for 36 hours for violators during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico]].<ref>((cite web |title=Arresto de 36 horas en Cuernavaca a quien no respete aislamiento por coronavirus – Nodo Noticias |url=https://www.nodonoticias.com.mx/2020/04/23/arrestos-de-36-en-cuernavaca-horas-para-quienes-no-respeten-aislamiento/ |access-date=23 April 2020 |language=es |trans-title=36-hour arrest in Cuernavaca for those who do not respect coronavirus isolation |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801080218/https://www.nodonoticias.com.mx/2020/04/23/arrestos-de-36-en-cuernavaca-horas-para-quienes-no-respeten-aislamiento/ |url-status=live ))</ref> Open-air restaurants and bars were closed.<ref>((cite web |title=Ordena ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca cierre de comedores en restaurantes y ejercicios al aire libre por coronavirus – Nodo Noticias |url=https://www.nodonoticias.com.mx/2020/04/18/ordena-ayuntamiento-de-cuernavaca-cierre-de-comedores-en-restaurantes-y-ejercicios-al-aire-libre-por-coronavirus/ |access-date=23 April 2020 |language=es |archive-date=29 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729004742/https://www.nodonoticias.com.mx/2020/04/18/ordena-ayuntamiento-de-cuernavaca-cierre-de-comedores-en-restaurantes-y-ejercicios-al-aire-libre-por-coronavirus/ |url-status=live ))</ref> Mayor Antonio Villalobos Adan commented on 1 May that the city needs a new cemetery with capacity for 15,000 people, since the city's seven cemeteries are all saturated. It is already estimated that 40% of the population in the Antonio Barona neighborhood has been contaminated by COVID-19.<ref>((cite web |title=Buscan predio para sepultar fallecidos por Covid-19 en Cuernavaca |url=https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/buscan-predio-para-sepultar-fallecidos-por-covid-19-en-cuernavaca |website=El Universal |access-date=3 May 2020 |language=es |date=1 May 2020 |archive-date=24 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200524112656/https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/buscan-predio-para-sepultar-fallecidos-por-covid-19-en-cuernavaca |url-status=live ))</ref> On 2 June, Cuernavaca reported 393 confirmed cases and 83 deaths from the virus; the reopening of the state was pushed back until at least 13 June.<ref>((cite web |title=Coronavirus en Morelos ((!)) Diario de Morelos |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/coronavirus |website=www.diariodemorelos.com |access-date=4 June 2020 |language=es |archive-date=19 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319233900/https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/coronavirus |url-status=live ))</ref> Cuernavaca reported 1,322 cases, 1,015 recoveries, and 223 deaths on 31 August.<ref>((cite web |last1=Preciado |first1=Tlaulli |title=En Morelos, cinco mil 319 casos confirmados acumulados de covid-19 y mil 27 decesos |url=https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/166780-en-morelos-cinco-mil-319-casos-confirmados-acumulados-de-covid-19-y-mil-27-decesos.html |website=La Unión |access-date=1 September 2020 |language=es-es |archive-date=25 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025103324/https://www.launion.com.mx/morelos/avances/noticias/166780-en-morelos-cinco-mil-319-casos-confirmados-acumulados-de-covid-19-y-mil-27-decesos.html |url-status=live ))</ref> 2,566 cases were reported on 27 December 2020.<ref>((cite news |title=Llega Morelos a 1 mil 600 muertes por COVID19 |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/llega-morelos-1-mil-600-muertes-por-covid19 |access-date=28 December 2020 |work=diariodemorelos.com |publisher=Diario de Morelos |date=27 December 2020 |language=es |archive-date=27 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201227221004/https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/llega-morelos-1-mil-600-muertes-por-covid19 |url-status=live ))</ref>

Four bottles of the [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine]] were stolen from "Carlos Calero Elorduy Hospital" run by [[Secretariat of National Defense (Mexico)|SEDENA]] on 14 January.<ref>((cite news |title=Roban al ISSSTE vacuna contra el covid-19 |url=http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/14/roban-al-issste-vacuna-contra-el-covid-19/ |access-date=15 January 2021 |work=Noticias de Cuautla |date=15 January 2021 |language=es-MX |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115004100/http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/14/roban-al-issste-vacuna-contra-el-covid-19/ |url-status=live ))</ref> This hospital plus the G. Parres general hospital, both dedicated to the care of serious COVID-19 cases, reached 100% capacity on 15 January 2021.<ref>((cite news |title=Ya no hay camas disponibles en hospitales covid19 de Morelos |url=http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/15/ya-no-hay-camas-disponibles-en-hospitales-covid19-de-morelos/ |access-date=15 January 2021 |work=Noticias de Cuautla |date=15 January 2021 |language=es-MX |archive-date=15 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115172207/http://noticiasdecuautla.com/index.php/2021/01/15/ya-no-hay-camas-disponibles-en-hospitales-covid19-de-morelos/ |url-status=live ))</ref>

==Points of interest==

===Palace of Cortés===
[[File:Mexico cuernavaca zocalo.JPG|thumb|left|200px|[[Palacio de Cortés]] seen from the zocalo of Cuernavaca]]
The [[Palace of Cortes, Cuernavaca|Palacio de Cortés]] is east of the Morelos Garden and is considered to be the most representative building of Cuernavaca.<ref name="mexdesmorelos">((cite journal |last=Romo |first=Luis |year=2006 |title=La ciudad de la eterna primavera |trans-title=The city of eternal spring |journal=Rutas Turisticas:Morelos Mexico Desconocido |volume=130 |pages=6–20 |publisher=Grupo Editorial Impresiones Aéreas |location=Mexico City |issn=0188-5146 |language=es))</ref> Built by Hernán Cortés, it was finished in 1535. It is one of the oldest European-style, civil constructions in the Americas, but is executed in Renaissance style.<ref name="encmuc" /> The series of arches of the central terrace, the battlements, and the thick walls are the most representative aspects of the original construction. It is said that this residence looks much like the mansion built in [[Santo Domingo]] by Diego Colón, the son of Christopher Columbus. Just outside the front of the building is an old [[pyramid]] base over which Cortés had the structure built,<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> on a hill that dominated the old city.<ref name="finsemana">((cite web |first=Angel |last=Valtierra |title=Fin de semana en Cuernavaca (Morelos) |url=http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/1436-Fin-de-semana-en-Cuernavaca-%28Morelos%29 |publisher=Mexico Desconocido |location=Mexico City |language=es |trans-title=A weekend in Cuernavaca (Morelos) |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-date=16 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416031614/http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/1436-Fin-de-semana-en-Cuernavaca-(Morelos) |url-status=dead ))</ref> [[Petroglyphs]] recovered from the site and from throughout the city are on display. From right to left the petroglyphs are named Lagarto de San Antón, Aguila de Chapultepec, Piedra Chimalli, or Piedra de los Encantos.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

After having been the residence of Cortés and his descendants for several centuries, the building became a warehouse, a jail, a military barracks, and then the State Government Palace (until 1969). From 1971 to 1973, the building was restored extensively and today houses the ''Museo Regional Cuauhnáhuac'', dedicated to the history of Morelos State. It often is referred to as "the Palacio of Cortes". It has ten exhibit halls with maps, illustrations, photographs, works of art, and everyday items from various epochs representing the first human settlements in the state to the present day. It has murals created by [[Diego Rivera]] that reflect both Morelos and Mexican history.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> Adjacent to the Palacio a permanent local handicraft market in which one may purchase [[silver]] jewelry, T-shirts, beaded bracelets, pottery, hammocks, blankets, and much more.<ref name="Taylor">((cite web |first=Julia |last=Taylor |title=Retire to Mexico: A New Home Town and a New Life |url=http://www.giddylimits.co.uk/retirement/retire_to_mexico.html |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-date=5 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005014035/http://www.giddylimits.co.uk/retirement/retire_to_mexico.html |url-status=live ))</ref>

===Morelos and Juárez Gardens===
[[File:JardinJuarez1.JPG|thumb|Juárez Garden]]
The Juárez and Morelos Gardens are in the center of the city, both of which are plazas lined with trees. Between the two is the State Government Palace, a three-story building with a [[tezontle]] façade built between 1955 and 1969. The Morelos Garden dates from 1908 and is easily recognizable by the large stone statue of José María Morelos, which is known colloquially as "Morelotes". The Juárez Garden is located to the north of the State Government Palace and is the oldest public square in Cuernavaca.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> The Garden contains a kiosk sometimes said to be designed by [[Gustave Eiffel]]<ref>((cite web |url=https://masdemorelos.masdemx.com/2017/12/cuernavaca-kiosko-jardin-juarez-disenador-gustave-eiffel/ |title=El kiosko del Jardín Juárez y su perfecta geometría: ¿sabes quién lo diseñó? |publisher=Mas de Morelos |date=4 December 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=The Kiosk of the Juarez Garden and its perfect geometry: Do you know who designed it? |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203104100/https://masdemorelos.masdemx.com/2017/12/cuernavaca-kiosko-jardin-juarez-disenador-gustave-eiffel/ |url-status=live ))((cite web |url=http://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/kiosko-de-cuernavaca-disenado-por-el-creador-de-la-torre-eiffel/ |title=Kiosko de Cuernavaca, diseñado por el creador de la torre Eiffel |publisher=Morelos Habla |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=The Kiosk of Cuernavaca, Designed by the creator of the Eiffel Tower |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801125642/https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/kiosko-de-cuernavaca-disenado-por-el-creador-de-la-torre-eiffel/ |url-status=dead ))</ref><ref>((cite web|website=Diario de Morelos|location=Cuernavaca|title=Del cronista: El kiosco de Cuernavaca no es obra de Eiffel|date=14 July 2019|language=es|trans-title=From the chronicler: The Cuernavaca kiosk is not the work of Eiffel|url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/del-cronista-el-kiosco-de-cuernavaca-no-es-obra-de-eiffel|access-date=19 November 2019|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729014144/https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/del-cronista-el-kiosco-de-cuernavaca-no-es-obra-de-eiffel|url-status=live))</ref> and brought from Britain toward the end of the 19th century.<ref name="finsemana" /> Unlike most main squares in Mexico, neither of these open up the way to the main cathedral. The main cathedral in Cuernavaca is located a few blocks west of the square.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

These two gardens or plazas are known colloquially as the "zócalo". Spectacles are often to be seen here and can include people dancing the "[[danzón]]" or other popular dances<ref name="finsemana" /> and "estudiantinas" dressed in colonial-era Spanish garb, playing instruments and dancing, and any number of free concerts. Often clowns perform on the zocalo as well, with balloons and tricks for the children and tell double-entendre jokes for the adults. Locals use the plazas to sell products such as honey, yogurt, traditional candies, and crafts. Street food such as corn on the cob, snow cones, candies, fruit smoothies, and more generally are available.<ref name="Taylor" />

===Cathedral===
[[File:FacadeCatCV2.JPG|thumb|left|Facade of [[Cuernavaca Cathedral|Cathedral]]]]

[[Cuernavaca Cathedral]] is the main church of what was the monastery of the Third Order of the Franciscans, called La Asunción, that dates back to the 16th century.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> It sits on the southeast corner of a large [[Atrium (architecture)|atrium]], which also contains a number of other chapels that were built at different times and with different architectural styles.<ref name="encmuc" /><ref name="finsemana" /> This complex is located at the intersection of Hidalgo and Morelos streets, a few blocks west of the town center.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

The cathedral was built by Cortés to double as a fortress, with cannons mounted above the [[buttress]]es.<ref name="wright" /> Over time, this church underwent a number of transformations, updating its interior. This was undone in the mid-20th century, when restoration work removed all the [[Neoclassical sculpture|Neoclassical]] altars and images. These now are stored in the cathedral's [[pinacotheca]] and not available to the public. Restoration work uncovered [[En plein air|al fresco]] murals on the lateral walls, relating to the martyrdom of [[Philip of Jesus]], the first Mexican canonized as a saint. The only other decoration inside this church now is a modern-style crucifix and an image of the [[Assumption of Mary]]. This restoration work was carried out by Bishop [[Sergio Méndez Arceo]].<ref name="finsemana" />

After the [[Reform War|Reform Laws]] in the 1860s, most of the monastery property passed into state, then private hands, leaving only what is now the cathedral and several smaller chapels on a very large atrium. The Revolution Garden was the orchard of the Cathedral,<ref name="finsemana" /> and the cloister with its observatory, is now the [[Robert Brady Museum]].<ref name="wright" /> The church became the Cathedral of Cuernavaca in 1891.<ref name="encmuc" /><ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" />

[[File:Cuernavaca Catedral de madrugada.jpg|thumb|right|180px|Cathedral's side-chapel at sunset]]
Next to the cathedral is the "open chapel" (''capilla abierta'') of San José, which is an original structure built in the 16th century. It also was rescued and restored by Bishop Méndez Arceo and is one of the oldest constructions on the site. The building consists of a vault with three arches that face the atrium. These arches are supported by a pair of [[flying buttress]]es. Inside the arches is an altarpiece dating from the 17th century.<ref name="encmuc" /><ref name="finsemana" />

The main entrance is on Hidalgo Street, where one passes between two large chapels called the Chapel of Santa Cruz and the Chapel of the Tercera Orden. The Tercera Orden is considered to be the more valuable artistically of the two, with its highly sculpted early [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] main and side portals painted in various colors. Inside, there is a later [[Churrigueresque]] main altar. A third chapel, called the Chapel of Nuestra Señora de los Dolores is farther into the atrium and near the Open Chapel of San José.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> The bell tower was added in 1713. The cathedral was damaged during the [[2017 Puebla earthquake|September 2017 earthquake]], but it has since been restored.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.debate.com.mx/mexico/Se-reportan-danos-por-el-sismo-en-las-iglesias-de-Morelos-20170919-0379.html |title=Se reportan daños por el sismo en las iglesias de Morelos |publisher=Debate |date=19 September 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Churches in Morelos reported damaged in the earthquake |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203104105/https://www.debate.com.mx/mexico/Se-reportan-danos-por-el-sismo-en-las-iglesias-de-Morelos-20170919-0379.html |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.milenio.com/cultura/en-cuernavaca-apuntalan-el-palacio-de-cortes-y-la-catedral |title=En Cuernavaca, apuntalan el Palacio de Cortés y la Catedral |publisher=Milenio |date=23 September 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=In Cuernavaca, point to the Palace of Cortes and the Cathedral |archive-date=2 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190202173817/https://www.milenio.com/cultura/en-cuernavaca-apuntalan-el-palacio-de-cortes-y-la-catedral |url-status=live ))</ref>

====Other churches of interest====
*Parish of ''Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (El Sagrario)'' was built as a family chapel by [[Manuel de la Borda]] in the 18th century. The façade is Baroque, but it has greatly deteriorated in recent years due to acid rain. The cupola is particularly noteworthy.<ref>Ríos Szalay, Adalberto. ''El Estado de Morelos''. Reproducciones Fotomecánicas, Mexico. (1997), p. 47</ref>
*Parish of ''Los Tres Reyes Magos'' in Tetela was built in the 16th century by Franciscan monks. It is Baroque style, and there is a fresco inside painted by Marcos Aldaña. The stone fence around the perimeter of the church was designed by British sculptor John Spencer in the 1980s.<ref>Ríos Szalay, Adalberto. ''El Estado de Morelos''. Reproducciones Fotomecánicas, Mexico. (1997), p. 56</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://mexicolindoyquerido.com.mx/mexico2/world/21-middle-east/2646-capilla-de-los-tres-reyes-magos-morelos |title=Capilla de los Tres Reyes Magos, Morelos |date=7 June 2017 |publisher=Mexico Lindo y Querido |last=Rodriguez |first=Maria |access-date=24 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=Chapel of the Three Kings, Morelos |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225133109/http://mexicolindoyquerido.com.mx/mexico2/world/21-middle-east/2646-capilla-de-los-tres-reyes-magos-morelos |url-status=dead ))</ref>
*''El Calvario'' refers to two buildings just north of the Historic Center of Cuernavaca. The smaller is a ''chapitel'' (open-air chapel) built in 1538 at what was then the entrance to the city. It gets its name from the cross on top. There is a fountain in front called ''Fuente de los Leones'' or ''Fuente de las Ranas''. In 1772 the chapitel was dedicated to the Virgin of Guadalupe, and there is a large fair every 12 December. The larger building is the church of ''San Jose'', built in 1939.<ref>Ríos Szalay, Adalberto. ''El Estado de Morelos''. Reproducciones Fotomecánicas, Mexico. (1997), p. 51</ref><ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2916 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023011513/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2916 |date=23 October 2017 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref>
*The Church of ''Tepetates'', built in the 16th century at the time of the conquest of Cuauhnáhuac, was named after the type of soil found in the area. It is located off Guerrero Street in the old district of Tecoac, which was one of the five neighborhoods that made up the center of the City of Cuernavaca. For years it was the symbol of the city due to its picturesque façade flanked by two cypresses. This temple is designed in neoclassic style, dedicated to Jesus of Nazareth. The church a small atrium, an open chapel, and a nave in addition to two bells that date from 1791. Fr. [[William Wasson]] founded the orphanage ''Nuestros Pequeños Hermanos'' here in 1954.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/cuernavaca/la-iglesia-de-tepetates-un-lugar-historico-en-cuernavaca/ |title=La iglesia de Tepetates, un lugar histórico en Cuernavaca |date=9 January 2017 |access-date=24 December 2018 |publisher=Morelos Habla |language=es |trans-title=The church of Tepetates, a historic place in Cuernavaca |archive-date=27 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227132117/https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/cuernavaca/la-iglesia-de-tepetates-un-lugar-historico-en-cuernavaca/ |url-status=dead ))</ref> It is believed the church was built upon a ''teocalli'' (Prehispanic temple).<ref name="auto">Ríos Szalay, Adalberto. ''El Estado de Morelos''. Reproducciones Fotomecánicas, Mexico. (1997), p. 31</ref> 
*''Santuario de Tlaltenango''. ''Temple of San José'' is said to be the first church built in the American continent (1523) on the grounds of Hernán Cortés's hacienda. Next to this is the larger ''Sanctuary of Our Lady of Tlaltenango'' built in honor of the "Virgin of Miracles" in 1730. The largest belltower in Morelos was built in 1886. There is a large street fair every 8 September.<ref name="auto"/> A few blocks away is the ''Chapel of San Jerónimo'', built during the second half of the 16th century, for the common people since masses in the Church of San José were officiated only for the wealthy.<ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2862 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023011608/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2862 |date=23 October 2017 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref>
*Parish of ''St. John the Apostle'', built in the 18th century (Chapultepec). There is an image of ''el Señor de las Batallas'', a representation of Christ as a soldier in honor of soldiers from the State of Morelos.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/eltb/5214377715 |title=Parroquia de San Juan Apóstol (Cuernavaca) Estado de Morelos,México |website=www.flickr.com |date=24 November 2010 |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801145918/https://www.flickr.com/photos/eltb/5214377715 |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2707 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130048/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2707 |date=25 December 2018 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref>
*Parish of ''San Luis Obispo'' (Amatitlan), built in the 17th century. The church is run by Franciscans.<ref>accessed 24 December 2018</ref><ref>((cite web |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/eltb/3824132026 |title=Parroquia de San Luis Obispo (Amatitlan) Cuernavaca,Estado de Morelos,México |website=www.flickr.com |date=5 August 2009 |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801145921/https://www.flickr.com/photos/eltb/3824132026 |url-status=live ))</ref>
*Parish of ''San Miguel Arcangel'', built in the 18th century. (Acapantzingo)<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.revistanomada.com/san-miguel-acapantzingo-2/ |title=San Miguel Acapantzingo |date=16 March 2015 |publisher=Revista Nomada |access-date=24 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=St. Michael Acapantzingo |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225130053/http://www.revistanomada.com/san-miguel-acapantzingo-2/ |url-status=live ))</ref>
*Church of ''San Nicolás Tolentino'', built in the 16th century. (Ahuatepec). On the right side of the church there is a mausoleum with the remains of the revolutionary general [[Antonio Barona]], companion of Emiliano Zapata, who was killed by rival general Genovevo de la O.<ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2626 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225031140/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2626 |date=25 December 2018 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref>
*Church of ''San Lorenzo Mártir'', built in the 16th century. (Chamilpa)<ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2632 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201135115/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2632 |date=1 December 2018 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref>
*Church of ''El Divino Salvador'' a Baroque church built by Franciscans in the 16th century (Ocotepec).<ref>http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2710 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225131535/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2710 |date=25 December 2018 )) accessed 24 December 2018</ref> During the 1914 ''Siege of Cuernavaca'', the people of the town donated the bells so they could be melted down and used as cannonballs.<ref>There is a plaque to this effect on an exterior wall of the church</ref> Just east of Ocotepec is the Benedictine monastery of ''Nuestra Señora de los Angeles'' designed by Gabriel Chávez de la Mora. The chapel is round and is used for Catholic retreats.<ref name="auto"/>

There are a number of non-Catholic churches in Cuernavaca also, notably the Episcopal Cathedral of ''San Miguel Arcángel'' located at the corner of Calles Guerrero and Santos, Centro Historico.
<gallery mode="packed" caption="Landmarks and monuments of Cuernavaca">
File:Teopanzolco1.jpg|[[Teopanzolco]], Aztec, date from the Middle to Late Postclassic Period (1300-1521)
File:BackCathedralCV.JPG|[[Cuernavaca Cathedral|Cuernavaca Cathedral and Convent]], built in 1529-late 17th century, by the [[Franciscans]]. [[Monasteries on the slopes of Popocatépetl|A UNESCO WHS]].<ref>((cite book|url=https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/catedral-y-exconvento-de-la-asuncion-cuernavaca.html|website=programadestinosmexico.com|title=Catedral y Ex Convento de la Asunción de Cuernavaca|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404034237/https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/catedral-y-exconvento-de-la-asuncion-cuernavaca.html|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bZRcIcCKdr8C&dq=catedral+de+cuernavaca&pg=PA265|title=Explorer's Guide Mexico City, Puebla & Cuernavaca: A Great Destination|page=265|author=Zain Deane|date=2011|publisher=Countryman Press|isbn=9781581579000|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417031327/https://books.google.com/books?id=bZRcIcCKdr8C&dq=catedral+de+cuernavaca&pg=PA265|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UfmMDwAAQBAJ&dq=catedral+de+cuernavaca&pg=PA4|page=4|title=Síntesis geográfica de Morelos|year=1981|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics and Geography]]|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417031331/https://books.google.com/books?id=UfmMDwAAQBAJ&dq=catedral+de+cuernavaca&pg=PA4|url-status=live))</ref>
File:Capilla de Santa María.jpg|Chapel of Santa María, chapel of the [[Cuernavaca Cathedral]]
File:Cuernavaca Palacio Cortes.JPG|[[Palace of Cortés, Cuernavaca|Palace of Cortés]], built between 1523 and 1747 by [[Hernán Cortés]] and Gregorio Cayetano Durán.<ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hHscBgAAQBAJ&q=Palace+of+Cort%C3%A9s+Cuernavaca+gothic&pg=PA123|title=The Renaissance World|author=John Jeffries Martin|pages=123|publisher=Routledge|date=2007|location=New York|isbn=978-0-415-33259-0|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=1 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201214719/https://books.google.com/books?id=hHscBgAAQBAJ&q=Palace+of+Cort%C3%A9s+Cuernavaca+gothic&pg=PA123#v=snippet&q=Palace%20of%20Cort%C3%A9s%20Cuernavaca%20gothic&f=false|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-cDO_GGs9YC&dq=palacio+de+cort%C3%A9s+cuernavaca&pg=PA260|title=Artes, ciencias y letras en la América colonial|author=Roberto Casazza|pages=260|date=2009|publisher=Teseo|isbn=9789871354450|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417031329/https://books.google.com/books?id=E-cDO_GGs9YC&dq=palacio+de+cort%C3%A9s+cuernavaca&pg=PA260|url-status=live))</ref>
File:Parroquia Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe.jpg|Church of Our Lady of Guadalupe, built in 1784.<ref>((cite book|url=https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-nuestra-senora-de-guadalupe-morelos.html|title=Templo de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe|website=programadestinosmexico.com|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=4 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404131835/https://programadestinosmexico.com/que-ver/arquitectura-colonial/templo-de-nuestra-senora-de-guadalupe-morelos.html|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gdbBKfnM5rAC&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+guadalupe+cuernavaca&pg=PA443|title=Magistrates of the Sacred Priests and Parishioners in Eighteenth-century Mexico|author=[[William B. Taylor (historian)|William B. Taylor]], William Benjamin Sarsfield Taylor|publisher=[[Stanford University Press]]|pages=443|date=1996|isbn=9780804724562|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=9 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230509183434/https://books.google.com/books?id=gdbBKfnM5rAC&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+guadalupe+cuernavaca&pg=PA443|url-status=live))</ref>
File:DivSalvadorOcotepecCV.JPG|Parish El Divino Salvador de Ocotepec, built in 1530-1592 by the [[Franciscans]] friars.<ref>((cite book|url=https://cuernavaca.gob.mx/?page_id=14783|title=Parroquia El Divino Salvador de Ocotepec|website=Government of Cuernavaca website|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=18 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418230057/https://cuernavaca.gob.mx/?page_id=14783|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ISmj5Ag2D9cC&q=divino+salvador+ocotepec|title=Universidad de México revista de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México · Tomo 55, Ediciones 595-599|author=[[National Autonomous University of Mexico]]|pages=77|date=2000|isbn=9780804724562|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121083802/https://books.google.com/books?id=ISmj5Ag2D9cC&q=divino+salvador+ocotepec|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6A0AQAAIAAJ&q=divino+salvador+ocotepec|title=Historia del arte mexicano: Arte colonial|author=Juan Salvat|pages=959|date=1986|isbn=9789683203915|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121083802/https://books.google.com/books?id=X6A0AQAAIAAJ&q=divino%20salvador%20ocotepec|url-status=live))</ref>
File:Capilla de San José Tlaltenango.jpg|Chapel of San José Tlaltenango, built in 1523.<ref>((cite book|url=https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/cumple-500-anos-la-capilla-de-san-jose-de-tlaltenango-9789649.html|title=Cumple 500 años la Capilla de San José de Tlaltenango|website=elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417024136/https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/cumple-500-anos-la-capilla-de-san-jose-de-tlaltenango-9789649.html|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SiPuMiL0FKwC&q=San+Jos%C3%A9+of+Tlaltenango|title=La Cuernavaca de ayer - H. Ayuntamiento 1997-2000|author=Cuernavaca (Mexico). H. Ayuntamiento Constitucional|pages=21|date=1999|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121083800/https://books.google.com/books?id=SiPuMiL0FKwC&q=San+Jos%C3%A9+of+Tlaltenango|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=txKsCgAAQBAJ&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+los+milagros+tlaltenango&pg=PT364|title=Miraculous Images of Our Lady. 100 Famous Catholic Portraits and Statues|author=Joan Carroll Cruz|pages=81|date=1993|isbn=9780895558190|publisher=[[TAN Books]]|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121083800/https://books.google.com/books?id=txKsCgAAQBAJ&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+los+milagros+tlaltenango&pg=PT364|url-status=live))</ref>
File:Iglesia de Tlaltenango.jpg|Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora de los Milagros de Tlaltenango, built in 1720-1730.<ref>((cite book|url=https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/esta-es-la-historia-de-la-virgen-de-los-milagros-de-tlaltenango-5593582.html|title=Esta es la historia de la Virgen de los Milagros de Tlaltenango|website=elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417025818/https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/esta-es-la-historia-de-la-virgen-de-los-milagros-de-tlaltenango-5593582.html|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXWRgP-0KBkC&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+los+milagros+tlaltenango&pg=PA470|title=Mary in Our Life. Atlas of the Names and Titles of Mary, the Mother of Jesus, and Their Place in Marian Devotion|author=Nicholas J. Santoro|pages=470|date=2011|isbn=9781462040223|publisher=[[iUniverse]]|access-date=9 July 2023|archive-date=21 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231121083801/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXWRgP-0KBkC&dq=nuestra+se%C3%B1ora+de+los+milagros+tlaltenango&pg=PA470|url-status=live))</ref>
File:Asunción de Maria y Jose Parish.jpg|Asunción de María y San José Parish, built in the 16th century.<ref>((cite book|url=https://iglesiasymisas.com.mx/morelos/cuernavaca/parroquia-la-asuncion-de-maria-y-san-jose-cuernavaca/|title=Parroquia La Asunción de María y San José (Cuernavaca)|website=iglesiasymisas.com.mx|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417030545/https://iglesiasymisas.com.mx/morelos/cuernavaca/parroquia-la-asuncion-de-maria-y-san-jose-cuernavaca/|url-status=live))</ref>
File:CastillitoCV.JPG|Museo Fotográfico de Cuernavaca (El Castillito), house built in early 20th century.
File:Museo de Arte Indígena.jpg|Museo de Arte Indígena Contemporáneo, building built in 17th century.<ref>((cite book|url=https://visitmorelos.mx/museos-en-morelos/museo-arte-indigena-contemporaneo|title=MUSEO ARTE INDÍGENA CONTEMPORÁNEO (MAIC)|website=visitmorelos.mx|access-date=17 April 2023|archive-date=17 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417031120/https://visitmorelos.mx/museos-en-morelos/museo-arte-indigena-contemporaneo|url-status=live))</ref>
</gallery>

===Teopanzolco===
[[Teopanzolco]] is an archeological site located just east of the historic downtown of Cuernavaca. Until recently its construction was dated to the year 1427, but new evidence revealed by 19 September 2017 earthquake suggests the original structure was built between 1150 and 1200 CE.<ref>((cite web |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4328145/earthquake-uncovers-hidden-temple-mexico/ |title=Earthquake uncovers hidden temple at Mexico's historic Teopanzolco pyramid |publisher=Global News |date=12 July 2018 |access-date=16 December 2018 |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130005021/https://globalnews.ca/news/4328145/earthquake-uncovers-hidden-temple-mexico/ |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/cultura/patrimonio/sismo-revela-estructura-en-piramide-de-teopanzolco |title=Sismo revela estructura en pirámide de Teopanzolco |website=www.eluniversal.com.mx |date=11 July 2018 |access-date=16 December 2018 |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217014926/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/cultura/patrimonio/sismo-revela-estructura-en-piramide-de-teopanzolco |url-status=live ))</ref> Teopanzolco was an important ceremonial center during the 15th and 16th centuries when the native Tlahuicas were dominated by the Aztecs. The site shows significant Aztec influence. It has a large pyramidal base, called the ''Gran Basamento'', topped by two shrines, much like the [[Templo Mayor]] in [[Tenochtitlan]]. In fact, the new finds indicate that Teopanzolco predates the Templo Mayor and served as a model for the latter.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.excelsior.com.mx/expresiones/sismo-devela-huellas-prehispanicas-en-teopanzolco/1251823 |title=Sismo devela huellas prehispánicas en Teopanzolco |website=www.excelsior.com.mx |date=12 July 2018 |access-date=16 December 2018 |archive-date=30 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130005022/https://www.excelsior.com.mx/expresiones/sismo-devela-huellas-prehispanicas-en-teopanzolco/1251823 |url-status=live ))</ref> Only the stone columns of these shrines remain today. The [[teocalli]], (sacred plaza) contains fourteen monuments including a circular altar dedicated to the wind deity [[Ehécatl]]. There are also two concentric structures separated by a moat or ditch. Both might have been dedicated to [[Quetzalcoatl]], the feathered-serpent deity, or to [[Tlāloc]], god or rain. The ruins were discovered during the ''Siege of Cuernavaca'' in 1914 as the ''Zapatistas'' used the heights to place their cannons.<ref>https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/earthquake-reveals-12th-century-temple-hidden-within-aztec-pyramid-180969619/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062629/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/earthquake-reveals-12th-century-temple-hidden-within-aztec-pyramid-180969619/ |date=17 December 2018 )) (16 December 2018)</ref>

====Centro Cultural Teopanzolco====
The Cultural Center next to the pyramids has recently been remodeled and now includes several first-class concert halls. There is outside seating facing the pyramids where one can see a video mapping of the pyramid site (Spanish only).<ref>https://centroculturalteopanzolco.com/centro_cultural/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217014812/https://centroculturalteopanzolco.com/centro_cultural/ |date=17 December 2018 )) (16 December 2018)</ref>
[http://productora-df.com.mx/en/project/centro-cultural-teopanzolco/ centro-cultural-teopanzolco/ English (Retrieved Dec 16, 2016)]

===Borda Garden===
[[File:BordaHouseCourtyard.JPG|thumb|left|Borda House courtyard]]
The Borda Garden is located near the cathedral on Morelos Street. Originally, this was a house bought by [[José de la Borda]], the mining magnate of Taxco in the mid-18th century. Later, his son, Manuel de Borda y Verdugo, transformed the grounds of the house into gardens filled with flower and fruit trees to satisfy his passion for botany.((citation needed|date=January 2019)) These gardens also contain a number of fountains and an artificial lake that were completed in 1783. Today the complex contains an art gallery, offices, a restaurant, and an open-air theater. In 1865, this was the summer home of Emperor Maximilian I and his wife Carlota Amalia. Some sources say the emperor met his mistress, "La India Bonita", there, (although other sources say they met at his home called "El Olindo" in Acapantzingo.)<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/la-novia-indigena-del-emperador-maximiliano.html |title=La novia de 17 años del emperador Maximiliano |publisher=Mexico Desconocido |last=Huerta |first=Jose |date=17 May 2017 |access-date=21 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=The 17-year old girlfriend of Emperor Maximilian |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203152128/https://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/la-novia-indigena-del-emperador-maximiliano.html |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.vmexicoalmaximo.com/articulos/personajes/maximiliano-y-carlota |title=Maximiliano y Carlota:La gran tragedia imperial |publisher=Mexico al Maximo |last=Suarez |first=Huberto |date=December 2014 |language=es |trans-title=Maximilian and Carlota: The great imperial tragedy |access-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522144853/http://www.vmexicoalmaximo.com/articulos/personajes/maximiliano-y-carlota |archive-date=22 May 2017 |url-status=dead ))</ref>  In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the Borda Garden sponsored soirees, such as those sponsored by Porfirio Díaz and Emiliano Zapata. Today the area is a public park where the gardens have been maintained and it is possible to take a short boat ride on the lake. The house has been converted into a museum. Six of its halls are dedicated to temporary exhibits while the other seven are devoted to recreating the characteristics of the 18th and 19th centuries.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

The Church of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe is located next to the Borda Garden, and was constructed by Manuel de la Borda in 1784. It has a [[Baroque]] [[façade]] and what is considered to be the best [[cupola]] in the city. It was the royal chapel of Emperor Maximilian.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> The cupola was badly damaged in the earthquake of 2017.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/se-cuartea-parroqu-de-nuestra-se-ora-de-guadalupe |title=Se cuartea parroquía de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe |publisher=Diario de Morelos |date=20 September 2017 |language=es |trans-title=Parish of Our Lady of Guadalupe is quartered |access-date=3 December 2018 |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203152036/https://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/se-cuartea-parroqu-de-nuestra-se-ora-de-guadalupe |url-status=live ))</ref>

===Robert Brady Museum===
[[File:RobertBradyMusCasaTorre.JPG|thumb|Exterior of the Museum]]
[[File:CourtyardRBMusCV.JPG|thumb|Museum Courtyard]]
The [[Robert Brady Museum]] is on Nezahualcoyotl Street and occupies the building known as the ''Casa de la Torre'', originally part of the monastery of La Asunción.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> In 1960, it was purchased by the U.S. artist, [[Robert Brady (1928–1986)|Robert Brady]], who transformed it into his home and a private art and collectible museum.<ref name="wright" /> It contains a collection of art and crafts from around the world as well as the original ''[[Self-Portrait with Monkey]]'' painted by [[Frida Kahlo]]. Other works are by artists such as Miguel Cobarruvias, [[Pelegrí Clavé]], [[María Izquierdo (artist)|María Izquierdo]], and [[Rufino Tamayo]]. Non-Mexican paintings include those from North America and Europe. Other objects in the collection include antique furniture, African and Indian crafts, and archeological pieces.<ref name="finsemana" /> The collection occupies fourteen rooms of the old house, which has been kept mostly the way it was when Brady died in 1986 and bequeathed the house and its contents to the city.<ref name="wright" /><ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

===Tlaltenango===
[[File:Iglesia de Tlaltenango.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Atrium and façade of the Nuestra Señora de los Milagros Church]]
[[File:NaveMilagrosTlatenango.JPG|thumb|upright|right|interior of the Church of San Jose]]
Tlaltenango used to be a separate town, but now is a neighborhood of Cuernavaca city. The main attraction there is the church compound containing the Church of San José and the Church of Nuestra Señora de los Milagros de Tlaltenango. San José is one of the oldest churches in Mexico, built between 1521 and 1523. Two centuries later an image of the Virgin appeared to members of this village, prompting the building of the second church. This is the Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora de los Milagros, which was built in 1730, with its bell towers built at the end of the 19th century.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" />

===Hacienda Atlacomulco===
The Hacienda de San Antonio Atlacomulco is located south of the Cuernavaca and was established by Hernán Cortés as one of the first sugar plantations in Mexico. Descendants of the Conquistador held the property until the 19th century, when it became the property of [[Lucas Alamán]], who modernized the facility. The hacienda lost its surrounding properties during the [[Mexican Revolution]] and all that remains is the main house. After a long period of restoration and modification, the hacienda today houses an exclusive hotel, which can accommodate conventions and banquets.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" />

===Museum of Traditional and Herbal Medicine and the Ethnicbotanical garden===
South of the city center is Acapantzingo, which had been a separate town, but now is part of the city. A large farm owned by Emperor Maximilian I existed there in the 1860s. It was named Olindo, referring to a character in the poem by [[Torquato Tasso]].<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /> The emperor used this property as one of his residences in Cuernavaca, and according to rumor, to enjoy the company of a certain beautiful Indian woman.<ref name="finsemana" /> On this farm and in what was the Pavilion, is now the Museum of Traditional and Herbal Medicine (Museo de Medicina Tradicional). The museum sponsors workshops and classes on the use of plants to make soap, cremes, dyes, decorative objects and more. Outside is the ethnicbotanical garden with exhibits including 800 species of plants organized by uses, such as the making of textiles, animal feed, condiments, ritual, and others.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" />

===Children's "Kite" Museum===
Located on Avenida Vicente Guerrero 205, Colonia Lomas de Selva is the [[Papalote museo del niño|Papalote Children's Museum]]  an interactive children's museum with up to thirty exhibitions and artistic experiences for children, such as a bed of nails, Vincent van Gogh room, Lego, garden, sandbox, bubble factory, and others. Some exhibits are even for children under 3.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.papalotecuernavaca.org.mx/exhibiciones-permanentes |title=Exhibiciones Permanentes |publisher=Papolote Museo del Niño |access-date=17 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=Permanent Exhibits |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218102114/http://www.papalotecuernavaca.org.mx/exhibiciones-permanentes |archive-date=18 December 2018 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

===Chapultepec Ecological Park===
The Chapultepec Ecological Park is located about four km southeast of the Cuernavaca city center. It contains fresh-water springs, which form the beginning of a river, and is surrounded by large trees called Chapultepec. It is a public park administered by the State Commission of Water and Environment. In addition to playgrounds, the park has constructed habitats for monkeys, birds, butterflies, crocodiles, reptiles, aquatic plants, and orchids. It also has a petting zoo, environmental museum, planetarium, house of terror, theater, and tour train. Beginning December 2018, Diana Ríos, a Mexican designer and artist working with the company ''Veneno Ríos'' is in charge of creating a new façade called "Metamorphosis" inspired in evolution and species changes as well as the love of nature in Morelos. Featured species are the ''cangrejito barranqueño'' (a crab), the ''carpita morelense'' (carp), and the ''amate amarillo'' (yellow fig tree).<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.24morelos.com/mejoraran-imagen-del-parque-chapultepec-en-cuernavaca |title=Mejorarán imagen del Parque Chapultepec en Cuernavaca |publisher=24noticias |date=5 December 2018 |access-date=15 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Improve image of Chapultepec Park in Cuernavaca |archive-date=6 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206102537/https://www.24morelos.com/mejoraran-imagen-del-parque-chapultepec-en-cuernavaca/ |url-status=live ))/</ref>

===Chapitel del Calvario===
[[File:InsideChapitelCV.JPG|thumb|left|Interior of the Chapitel del Calvario]]
[[File:ChapitelCV1.JPG|thumb|The Chapitel del Calvario]]
The Chapitel del Calvario is a church located at the corner of Morelos and Matamoros Streets, which was constructed in 1532. The word "chapitel" means "[[spire]]" as the church is named after two spires that define its appearance. It also has a fourteen-meter-high dome. It was constructed in the 16th century and was the last building encountered within Cuernavaca, as one left the city on the road to Mexico City. In 1772, this church was dedicated to the [[Virgin of Guadalupe]].<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" />

===El Castillito===
The ''Museo de Fotografía Antigua'', also known as ''El Castillito'' (the little castle), is located one block from the ''Chapitel del Calvario''. It is a very small, brick building that dates from the early 20th century when it was built as a home for the caretaker of the park that is next to the bridge built by [[Porfirio Diaz]]. It was later abandoned until Governor Vicente Estrada Cajigal remodeled it as his residence. Since 1986 it has been a small museum dedicated to antique photographs of the city of Cuernavaca.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" /><ref>((cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2463 |title=Museo Fotográfico de Cuernavaca (El Castillito) |publisher=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca 2016-2018 |access-date=15 January 2019 |trans-title=Photography Museum of Cuernavaca (The Little Castle |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827011124/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2463 |archive-date=27 August 2016 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

===Salto de San Antón / St. Anthony Waterfall===
[[File:WtrfllSanAntonCV.JPG|thumb|Inside the Salto de San Antón ravine]]
The Salto de San Anton is a large ravine with a thin but tall waterfall located in the neighborhood of ''San Anton Analco'' on the west side of Cuernavaca. The waterfall is ((convert|36|m|abbr=off)) high, with its water coming from a small tributary of the Zempoala River. The vertical walls of the ravine are of [[basalt]] and broad-leafed vegetation grows in nooks and crannies of the stone. A series of stairs and platforms have been built to enable access to the waterfall area from the park above.<ref name="mexdesmorelos" /><ref name="finsemana" /> The area is a popular place to purchase potted plants.

===Museo Morelense de Arte Contemporáneo Juan Soriano===
The [[Juan Soriano (artist)|Juan Soriano]] Museum of Contemporary Art is located east of downtown near the [[Adolfo López Mateos]] Market in Colonia ''Amatitlan''. The museum opened amidst controversy<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.zonacentronoticias.com/2018/03/presentara-la-coordinadora-morelense-denuncia-por-presunto-desvio-en-construccion-del-museo-juan-soriano/ |title=Presentará la Coordinadora Morelense denuncia por presunto desvío en construcción del museo Juan Soriano |publisher=Zona Centro Noticias |access-date=23 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=The Morelos Coordinator is going to present a denunciation for deviation of funds in construction of Juan Soriano Museum |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224075500/https://www.zonacentronoticias.com/2018/03/presentara-la-coordinadora-morelense-denuncia-por-presunto-desvio-en-construccion-del-museo-juan-soriano/ |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=https://www.pressreader.com/mexico/la-jornada/20180321/282149291849770 |title=Inaugura Graco Ramírez museo con el sello de su gestión: opacidad, retrasos y sobreprecios |publisher=La Jornada |last=Morelos Cruz |first=Rubicela |date=18 March 2018 |access-date=23 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=Graco Ramirez opens museum with the seal of his management: opacity, delays, and price overruns |archive-date=24 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224074046/https://www.pressreader.com/mexico/la-jornada/20180321/282149291849770 |url-status=live ))</ref> on 8 June 2018, and includes a collection of 1,200 paintings, sculptures, drawings, and photographs, including a permanent collection of works by the artist Juan Soriano. The museum was designed by the architect Javier Sanchez and it cost 300 million pesos (US$15 million) to build.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.debate.com.mx/cultura/Se-inaugurara-en-Morelos-el-Museo-de-Arte--Juan-Soriano-20180204-0222.html |title=Se inaugurará en Morelos el Museo de Arte Juan Soriano |publisher=El Debate |date=4 February 2018 |access-date=15 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=The Juan Soriano Art Museum will open in Morelos |archive-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130113128/https://www.debate.com.mx/cultura/Se-inaugurara-en-Morelos-el-Museo-de-Arte--Juan-Soriano-20180204-0222.html |url-status=live ))</ref>

===Ravine of Amanalco Park / Barranca de Amanalco===
The ravines of Cuernavaca play a major role in regulating the climate of the city. One of the most important is the Ravine of Amanalco, which served as a natural defensive line for the city of Cuauhuanauc during the Spanish conquest of 1520, until Hernán Cortés managed to cross it where the modern "Puente del Diablo" is located.

The Ravine of Amanalco Park opened in the 1990s and features a 352-meter long walkway beginning at the Porfirio Díaz bridge and ending at the arches of a colonial-era aqueduct of Carlos Cuagila Street. It is a peaceful walk under dense foliage, and the only sounds you will hear are the birds and the running water.

One can view of the under area of the bridge, which was built at the end of the 19th century in order to connect the center of the city and the railway station via trolly.<ref name="cuernavaca.gob.mx">((Cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2852 |title=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca |access-date=30 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181130210523/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2852 |archive-date=30 November 2018 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

===La Tallera David Alfaro Siqueiros / David Alfaro Siqueiros House & Studio===
The [[Casa Estudio La Tallera David Alfaro Siqueiros (La Tallera)|David Alfaro Siqueiros House and Studio]] in Cuernavaca, was donated to "the people of Mexico" by [[David Alfaro Siqueiros]] (1896–1974). In the late fifties, Siqueiros was creating the mural ''Del Porfirismo a la Revolución'' (1957–66).  On 9 August 1960, this project was abandoned because he was charged with the crime of "social dissolution" and the muralist was imprisoned. When he left prison in 1964, Siqueiros finished the mural and built a house and workshop in the city of Cuernavaca. There, he lived and executed the mural ''La Marcha de la Humanidad'' (1971–73), currently located at the Polyforum Siqueiros.<ref>http://www.saps-latallera.org/saps/sample-page/historia/?lang=en ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404070852/http://www.saps-latallera.org/saps/sample-page/historia/?lang=en |date=4 April 2015 )) (16 December 2018).</ref><ref>https://www.mexicoescultura.com/recinto/65791/proyecto-siqueiros-la-tallera.html ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062639/https://www.mexicoescultura.com/recinto/65791/proyecto-siqueiros-la-tallera.html |date=17 December 2018 )) (16 December 2018)</ref>

The house/workshop is located in ''Parque Siqueiros'' at the intersection of Calles Marte and Venus, Colonia Jardines de Cuernavaca. It is recommended that one enter from Calle Marte in order to fully appreciate the recently restored murals outside. Free.<ref>https://sic.cultura.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=1041 ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217062706/https://sic.cultura.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=1041 |date=17 December 2018 )) (16 December 2018)</ref>
[http://www.saps-latallera.org/saps/sample-page/historia/?lang=en Siqueiros Park & Studio (English) Retrieved Dec 16, 2018]

===Other museums===

''La Casona Spencer'' (Spencer House) is a cultural center designed to promote the arts. Opened in 2006, the building, located across from the cathedral, dates from colonial time. It was donated to the city upon the death of British artist John Spencer.<ref>((cite web |url=https://casonaspencer.org/ |title=LA CASONA SPENCER Centro Cultural en Cuernavaca/ |access-date=17 December 2018 |language=es |trans-title=The Spencer House: Cultural Center in Cuernavaca |archive-date=18 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218102235/https://casonaspencer.org/ |url-status=live ))</ref>

Morelos Museum of Popular Arts is located downtown on Hidalgo Street between the cathedral and the Cuauhnahuac Museum. The museum opened in 2016 and features traditional art of Morelos and other parts of Mexico, including ceramics, wax sculpture, and pottery.  The exhibits are changed often, and there is a gift shop.

City Museum / ''Museo de la Ciudad de Cuernavaca (MuCIC)'' is located in a two-story colonial building on Avenida Morelos next to the Borda Garden. There are six halls for permanent exhibitions and six halls for temporary exhibitions. Since its beginnings in the 16th century, the building has been closely associated with the religious, social, and cultural life of the city. There is a retrospective exhibit of the life of Emiliano Zapata Salazar on the second floor.
<ref>((cite web|url=https://sic.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=104|title=Museo de la Ciudad de Cuernavaca (MuCIC)|website=Secretaría de Cultura/Sistema de Información Cultural|access-date=3 December 2018|archive-date=3 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203152046/https://sic.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=104|url-status=live))</ref>

Museum of Contemporary Indigenous Art harbors works of 12 ethnic groups of Mexico: ''Rarámuri, Yoreme, Yaqui, Purhépecha, Huichol, Mazahua, Otomí'' (or ''Hñahñu''), ''Nahua, Mixtec, Tzotzil, Tzeltal'', and ''Zapotec'', besides spaces dedicated to the cultural communities of [[Mata Ortiz]] and the peoples of Morelos. We can view textiles, pottery, wood carvings, and ceramics. The collection belongs to the foundation ''Pro-Niño Marginado N.G.O.'' The Autonomous University of Morelos (UAEM) is the custodian of its protection, preservation, research, and exhibition. The building it occupies today was constructed in the 16th century. It is the oldest civilian building on Morelos Avenue, in downtown Cuernavaca.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.mexicoescultura.com/recinto/67292/en/museum-of-contemporary-indigenous-art.html |title=Museum of Contemporary Indigenous Art |publisher=Mexico es Cultura |access-date=15 January 2019 |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203153650/https://www.mexicoescultura.com/recinto/67292/en/museum-of-contemporary-indigenous-art.html |url-status=live ))</ref>

''Museo Güelu'' is a small modern art museum that is run by ''Fundacion Fernando Cue Gomez, A.C.''. It is located on Ixtalapa Street across from the pyramids in Vista Hermosa.<ref>sign in front of museum</ref>

Science Museum / ''Museo de Ciencias'' is located in San Miguel Acapantzingo Park, Colonia Cantarranas, where the state penitentiary stood from 1934 to 2000.<ref>sign on monument</ref><ref>There are two plaques, from 1934 and 2000.</ref> This is a hands-on museum designed for informal teaching related to scientific issues. There are two permanent exhibition halls: one dedicated to water and the other dedicated to climate change. The museum offers workshops for children on [[Mechatronics]] and Robotics, as well as a 120-seat auditorium and temporary exhibit halls.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.ccytem.morelos.gob.mx/proyectos/museo-de-ciencias |title=Museo de Ciencias |date=15 May 2014 |publisher=Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Morelos |access-date=15 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Science Museum |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203152143/http://www.ccytem.morelos.gob.mx/proyectos/museo-de-ciencias |url-status=live ))</ref> There is a separate building dedicated to ''Planet Earth'' in the park, and there is a ''Cuexcomate'' (traditional silo) on the site.

Museum of Sacred Art / ''Museo de Arte Sacro de Cuernavaca'' is located within the cathedral, spread over two floors of what was once the cloister. There are numerous religious objects on view.<ref>((cite web |url=https://sic.cultura.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=2013 |title=Museo de Arte Sacro de Cuernavaca |publisher=Sistema de Información Cultural de México |date=27 June 2018 |access-date=15 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Cuernavaca Museum of Sacred Art |archive-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203104043/https://sic.cultura.gob.mx/ficha.php?table=museo&table_id=2013 |url-status=live ))</ref>

===Parks and diversion===

Solidarity Park / ''Parque Alameda [[Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta]]'' is located on Paseo Cuauhnáhuac east of the freeway. It was named in honor of a presidential candidate who was assassinated in 1994. Entering the park, there is a large fountain built to resemble the ball court in [[Coatetelco archaeological site]]. Directly ahead is a public library "Biblioteca 17 de Abril", which has a large mural depicting the history of the State of Morelos. There is also a statue of [[José María Morelos]] in front of the building. Visitors can enjoy volleyball, basketball, and mini-soccer fields, as well as a bicycle path, rollerblading rink, and an artificial lake.<ref name="24morelos.com">((cite web |url=https://www.24morelos.com/parques-en-cuernavaca/ |title=Parques de Cuernavaca |publisher=24 Morelos |date=28 April 2017 |access-date=16 January 2019 |language=es |trans-title=Parks of Cuernavaca |archive-date=4 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204053828/https://www.24morelos.com/parques-en-cuernavaca/ |url-status=live ))</ref>

''San Miguel Acapantzingo Park'' is located on Calle Altlacumolco in Colonia Cantarranas south of the market. The site was previously the state penitentiary (1934–2000), and you can see a small section of one of the cells there.<ref>There are two plaques, dated 1934 and 2000.</ref> The Science Museum, ''Casa Tierra'' (Earth House), a dancing fountain, a jogging path, a playground, and a ''Cuexcomate'' (traditional silo) are in the park.<ref name="24morelos.com"/> There is also a Byzantine mural called ''Despertar en Primavera'' (Waking up in Spring).

''Tlatenango Ecological Park'' is located on Avenida Zapata at the traffic circle in the north of the city. This park has a projection room for children's movies, exhibit halls for artists, tennis courts, and an open-air gym.<ref name="24morelos.com"/>

Chapultepec Ecological Park is located off Plan de Ayala in Colonia Chapultepec near the IMSS hospital. The park covers 11 hectares of land and runs lineally for more than 1.5&nbsp;km. Near the entrance, there is a spring which runs into a crystal-clear stream surrounded by trees, some of which are more than 250 years old. Species include ''ahuehuetes'' (cypress), ''amates'' (fig trees), guava, and others. There is a butterfly sanctuary, an orchid exhibit, and several species of birds, mammals, and reptiles on display. There is a house of horror, a planetarium, a tourist train, a petting zoo, a solar house, a large exhibit hall, and an artificial lake with paddle boats. There are also cultural spaces for dance, music, and theater.
<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2866 |title=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca |access-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023011613/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2866 |archive-date=23 October 2017 |url-status=dead ))</ref> A fair selling local, natural products is held on Sundays.

Melchor Ocampo Garden of Art was inaugurated by Porfirio Díaz, on 11 December 1897, and was built as part of the festivities for the arrival of the railroad to Cuernavaca. Governor Vicente Estrada Cajigal in 1934, built a rudimentary zoo and a swimming pool and the name was changed to "Parque Emiliano Zapata". The zoo and park are mentioned in the novel ''Under the Volcano'' by [[Malcolm Lowry]]. The park was remodeled in 2013 and its name reverted to ''Melchor Ocampo'', a space where natural or vegan products are bought and sold, and crafts are exhibited and sold. Every last Sunday of the month, dogs and cats are sterilized for free while others are offered in adoption. The park is located in the ''Barrio de Gualupita'', near the Pullman de Morelos/Selva bus station.<ref>https://www.24morelos.com/el-parque-melchor-ocampo/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217014848/https://www.24morelos.com/el-parque-melchor-ocampo/ |date=17 December 2018 )) (16 December 2018)</ref>

Revolution Park is downtown. There is a basketball gym, a volleyball gym, a 25-meter swimming pool, and an area for playing chess.

''Unidad Deportiva Centenario'' (Centennial Sports Center) near the [[UAEM]] has a soccer stadium, baseball field, and gyms for a variety of different sports.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2882 |title=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca |access-date=3 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204065350/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2882 |archive-date=4 December 2018 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

''El Miraval'' is a sports complex (including soccer field) in the neighborhood of the same name (Valley Overlook).

''Parque lineal Ferrocarril de Cuernavaca'' is a bicycle path that follows the former rail line between Av. Rio Mayo and Av. San Diego.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/rio-mayo-nueva-opcion-para-ejercitarse/|title=Río Mayo, nueva opción para ejercitarse|first=Morelos|last=Habla|date=20 September 2015|access-date=5 December 2018|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729001417/https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/rio-mayo-nueva-opcion-para-ejercitarse/|url-status=dead))</ref> The bicycle path is also popular with rollerbladers, dog walkers, and joggers. Cyclists can continue all the way to the Picacho-Ajusco highway.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.cletofilia.com/un-paseo-por-el-realismo-magico-de-la-ciclovia-a-cuernavaca/|title=El realismo mágico de la Ciclovía a Cuernavaca|first=Juan Pablo|last=Ramos|date=21 January 2016|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-date=24 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190124041716/https://www.cletofilia.com/un-paseo-por-el-realismo-magico-de-la-ciclovia-a-cuernavaca/|url-status=dead))</ref>

''La Cascada'' (the waterfall) water park features a small waterfall, Olympic swimming pool, picnic area, parking, and basketball and volleyball courts. It is located on Vicente Guerrero Street in Colonia Las Granjas.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.balneariosenmorelos.com.mx/index.php?q=la_cascada|title=Balneario Balneario La Cascada ubicado en el bello Estado de Morelos|website=Balneario La Cascada|access-date=5 December 2018|archive-date=6 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206001812/https://www.balneariosenmorelos.com.mx/index.php?q=la_cascada|url-status=live))</ref>

''Barranca de Chalchihuapan'' (Chalchihuapan Ravine) is in the town of ''Santa María Ahuacatitlán'', north of Cuernavaca. There are rustic ponds and a river for raising trout. Visitors can choose the fish they like which is then caught and prepared on site. Visitors can also enjoy the mixed forest, a natural spring, and during the rainy season, there is a waterfall. Visitors can take guided tours, and go camping and birdwatching.<ref name="cuernavaca.gob.mx"/>

Children and adults can visit ''El Túnel'' (the tunnel), an important source of drinking water for Cuernavaca. ''El Túnel'' was discovered by Eugenio Jesús Cañas in 1898, and in 1932 pipes were laid.<ref name="cuernavaca.gob.mx"/> The tunnel is located on Fco. I. Madero, Colonia Miraval. Call 777-364-5883 for tours and information.

Cuernavaca has two private golf courses: ''Club de Golf Tabachines''<ref>http://www.tabachines.com/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218193409/http://www.tabachines.com/ |date=18 December 2018 )) (17 December 2018.</ref> located near the expressway and ''Club de Golf de Cuernavaca'' located a few blocks south of downtown.<ref>http://www.golfcuernavaca.com/ ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218102231/http://www.golfcuernavaca.com/ |date=18 December 2018 )) (17 Dec 2018.</ref>

===Monuments===

''Morelotes'' is a large statue of Jose Maria Morelos y Pavon designed by sculptor Juan Olaguíbel in the 1940s. It is located in the Zocalo. There is a smaller statue of Morelos in front of the library at Solidarity Park.

[[Cuauhtemoc]] (1496-1525) was the last emperor (''tlatoani'') of Tenotichtlan. He was infamously tortured by Hernán Cortés, who wanted him to reveal where he kept his gold. The statue is located at the intersection of Teopanzolco and Nueva Belgica, Fracc Rincon Del Valle, and was dedicated while Rogelio Sanchez Gatica was ''Presidente Municipal'' (2012).<ref>Plaque to this effect on the base of statue</ref> (Statue was previously near the train station.)

''Paloma de la Paz'' (Dove of Peace) is located at the traffic circle at the intersection of ''Av. Heróico Colegio Militar'' and Av. Domingo Diez. Designed by Víctor Manuel Contreras, it is the first thing visitors from Mexico City see as they get off the tollway.

Monument to ''General Carlos Pacheco Villalobos'' who fought alongside Benito Juarez against Maximiliano. He was the first [[Governor of Morelos|governor of the state]] (1877-1879). The statue is located in front of the Palace of Cortes.

Monument to [[Manuel Ávila Camacho]] is located at the traffic circle of the street that bears his name and ''Calzada de los Compositores'' in Lomas de Atzingo. The bronze statue of the president was built in October 1957 by Everardo Hernández Rodríguez.

Monument to [[Vicente Guerrero]] is located on Av. Vicente Guerrero in Colonia Lomas de la Selva. Guerrero was a military leader during the [[Mexican War of Independence]] and Mexico's second president.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/monumentos-historicos/|title=5 monumentos históricos que debes conocer en Cuernavaca|first=Yoshira|last=Fernández|date=5 September 2017|access-date=6 December 2018|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729004411/https://www.moreloshabla.com/morelos/monumentos-historicos/|url-status=dead))</ref>

A statue of [[Emiliano Zapata]] is located at the traffic circle at Av. Zapata and Av. Heróico Colegio Militar.

A statue of the ''Niño Artillero'', [[Narciso Mendoza]], is located at the traffic circle at the intersection of Av. Morelos Sur and Juarez Blvd. in Las Palmas. As a twelve-year-old, Mendoza bravely fired a cannon at the royalist troops during the 1812 [[Siege of Cuautla]].<ref>((Cite web|url=https://memoriapoliticademexico.org/Efemerides/3/05031812.html|title=Memoria Política de México|access-date=7 December 2018|archive-date=7 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207102909/https://memoriapoliticademexico.org/Efemerides/3/05031812.html|url-status=live))</ref>

''Libertad de Expression'' (Freedom of the Press) is located on Teopanzolco in Vista Hermosa. Of the 264 names of journalists who have been killed since the 19th century, 115 have been killed in the 20th century (up to Dec. 2018).<ref>Plaques with names on the monument, 9 December 2018.</ref>

A statue of [[Alexander von Humboldt]] is located in front of the Spencer House on Hidalgo Street downtown. Humboldt nicknamed Cuernavaca ''The City of Eternal Spring'' during his 1805 visit.

A statue of [[Benito Juarez]] is located on Juarez Blvd. at Motolinia St., south of the Palacio de Cortes. It was erected by the local Mason lodges. At the same site, there is a smaller work to honor the ''Winter Solstice of 21 December 2012'', also erected by the Masons.<ref>There are two plaques at the site, dated 1995 and 2013</ref>

There is a bust of [[Maria Felix]] in ''Plaza Maria Bonita'' in front of ''Parque Melchor Ocampo'' in Gualupita.<ref>((cite web |url=https://lasillarota.com/reinstalan-busto-maria-felix-la-dona-cuernavaca/215431 |title=Reinstalan busto de María Félix en Cuernavaca |website=lasillarota.com |access-date=28 December 2018 |archive-date=15 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115182005/https://lasillarota.com/reinstalan-busto-maria-felix-la-dona-cuernavaca/215431 |url-status=live ))</ref>

''Acueducto de Gualupita''  Calle Carlos Cuaglia, Gualupita, at the ''Barranca de Amanalco''.

[[Porfirio Díaz]] bridge was built in the 1890s to connect downtown and the train station via a horse-drawn trolly. The other entrance to the ''Barranca de Amanalco'' is located here. The Photography Museum was originally built for the gardener who took care of the area surrounding the bridge.

''Stampeding Horses'', ''Five Bathing Nymphs'', and ''Diana the Huntress'' is at ''Plaza Gustavo Baz'' are in Colonia Vista Hermosa. in Vista Hermosa. A sign notes that ''Scouts de Mexico'' meets at ''Plaza Gustavo Baz'' on Saturdays.

''Capilla Culhuacán de los Dolores'' and ''Capilla de Nuestra Señora de los Dolores'' are in Ocotopec. ''Capilla de los Santos Reyes'' is a 16th-century chapel in ''Tetela del Monte'' in the north of the city. The bell tower dates from the 17th century, and the chapel is constructed in a primitive Baroque style. Artist John Spencer rebuilt the walls in the 1980s. ''Capilla de los Tepetates'' (''Jesus de Nazareth'') is on Arteaga St. downtown, off Guerero Street.<ref name="oficinaparroquial.com">((cite web|url=http://www.oficinaparroquial.com/directorio/parroquias_cuernavaca.html|title=parroquias_cuernavaca|website=www.oficinaparroquial.com|access-date=9 December 2018|archive-date=24 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124085702/http://oficinaparroquial.com/directorio/parroquias_cuernavaca.html|url-status=live))</ref> ''Capilla de San Diego'' (or San Diegito) is a small 16th century chapel on Galeana St. in Acapantzingo. His feast is in mid-November. ''Capilla de San Francisco'' was built in the 16th century before the Cathedral so the monks would have a place of worship during the construction of the latter. It is on Galeana Street downtown. ''Capilla de San Miguel Acapantzingo'' was built in the 16th century on Matamoros Street in Acapantzingo, across from the Casa de Maximiliano/Botanical Garden. The chapel suffered some damage during the 2017 earthquake, but it has been restored. His feast is 29 September. ''Parroquia de la Resurección del Señor y Santa María de Guadalupe'' is outside Melchor Ocampo Park. ''Parroquia de San Antonio de Padua'' is a colonial church on Jesús H. Preciado St., San Antón on the west side of the city, near the ''Cascada de San Antonio.'' There are several places to purchase potted plants in the neighborhood.<ref name="oficinaparroquial.com"/> ''Templo de Guadalupe'' on Av. Morelos, Centro is an 18th-century church built by Jose de la Borda next to the [[Jardin Borda]]. ''Templo de San Pablo'' is on Humboldt Street downtown. 18th century. ''Capilla de San Juan Evangelista'' is on Calle Sn. Juan, Col. Chapultepec. 18th century.<ref name="oficinaparroquial.com"/>

The train station dates from the late 19th century and is located east of Plan de Ayala. Today it hosts a dance studio.

''Cine Morelos''' on Av. Morelos, Centro, was constructed in the 19th century. Today the theater shows art films.<ref>((cite web|url=http://cartelera.morelos.gob.mx/recinto/cine-morelos|title=Cine Morelos - Cartelera Cultural|website=cartelera.morelos.gob.mx))</ref>

''Puente del Diablo'' bridge crosses the Barranca de Amanalco at the point where the devil himself, Hernán Cortés, entered the city of Cuauhnahuac in 1521.<ref>((cite web|url=http://sofia-cuernavaca.blogspot.com/p/monumentos-historicos-y-sitios.html|title=Cuernavaca Morelos: MONUMENTOS HISTÓRICOS Y SITIOS TURÍSTICOS|access-date=6 December 2018|archive-date=7 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207045907/http://sofia-cuernavaca.blogspot.com/p/monumentos-historicos-y-sitios.html|url-status=live))</ref>

''Calle Rufino Tamayo'' was previously called ''Cinco de Mayo'', and before that, it was called ''Camino al Pueblo de San Miguel Acapantzingo''.<ref>plaque at the corner of Calle R Tamayo & Calle Matamoros, dated 2006.</ref> The bridge across the ravine is called ''La Emperatriz''<ref>Plaque at bridge date Feb 1999.</ref> Muralist [[Diego Rivera]] lived at a house located at the corner of Rufino Tamayo and Morelos St. in Colonia Acapantzingo from 1951 to 1957.<ref>Plaque located outside the house.</ref> Artist [[Rufino Tamayo]] (1899–1991) lived in a house on the ''Privada'' located near Calle Humboldt.<ref>Toledano Vergara, Ma. Cristina (1999). Acapantzingo: Tierra Florida de Historia y TradicionesPACMyC, CONACULTA, Cuernavaca, p. 43.</ref>

There is a statue dedicated to women at the corner of C. Humboldt and Salazar, across from ''La Vecindad'' (the Neighborhood) Children's Cultural Center. The statue was erected on 8 March 1982. A statue of ''Blind Justice'' is in front of the ''Palacio de Justicia'' behind the Cortes Palace. A plaque on a building on Hidalgo St. in the Historic Center, across from the Cortes Palace, notes that artist ''Jorge Cazares Campos'' was born there. The plaque is dated 20 November 2005.<ref>Plaque on building dated 2005.</ref> He was born on 20 November 1937, and several of his works are on display throughout the city.<ref>((cite web|url=http://127.0.0.1/jorge-cazares-campos.html|title=Jorge Cázares Campos Biography|website=PicassoMio)) ((Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))</ref>

==Festivals and dance==
[[File:BicentennialClockCVMX.JPG|thumb|left|Clock ticking down to Mexico's Bicentennial celebrations in Parque Morelos]]
The Feria de la Flor was established in 1965 as a festival that is held from 2 to 12 May. In the Borda Garden, flower growers from all over Mexico come to exhibit their wares, competing for an annual prize. The event also has traditional fair rides, [[cockfighting|cockfights]], and horse competitions as well as music and sociocultural events. Neighborhood celebrations are held in Cuernavaca, mostly for patron saints, they include 15 May, the feast of San Isidro Labrador; 13 June, the feast of San Antonio in the neighborhood of San Antón, with Aztec dances; 6 August, the feast of the Savior or the Transfiguration in [[Ocotepec, Cuernavaca, Morelos|Ocotepec]], featuring the Moors and Christians dance, [[mole (sauce)|mole]], and [[pulque]]; 10 August the feast of San Lorenzo in Chamilpa; 15 August, the festival of the Assumption of Mary in Santa María Ahuacatilán; and 8 September, Festival of Nuestra Señora de los Milagros in Tlaltenango. Since 1965, the city Cuernavaca has had a [[carnival]] as well.<ref name="encmuc" />

The Huehuechis, a dance group, was started in Cuernavaca in 1870 by a group of young people. They dressed up in old boots and clothes, covering their faces with cloth, dancing sponteaneously in the streets with whistles and shouts. The name comes from a Nahuatl word for old, worn-out clothing. The event spread to other municipalities. It became popular enough among participants and spectators alike to be organized formally in 1871, when it became a traditional way to celebrate the days just before Lent, or the Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday of Carnival. The tradition spread to Tepoztlan, where it became even more famous after the people there modified the clothing worn, adding masks with beards and large mustaches. The dance there was renamed "[[Chinelos]]". This new version became a fixture at the carnaval of Yautepec and other towns in Morelos as well.<ref name="encmuc" />

===International presence in Cuernavaca===
Cuernavaca has been a getaway, especially for the well-to-do, since Aztec times. This has continued to the 21st century, with many of these residents including artists, intellectuals, and film stars.<ref name="suspiro">((cite web |first=Leonor |last=Lopez |title=Cuernavaca "a la breve distancia de un suspiro " |url=http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/1283-Cuernavaca-%5Ca-la-breve-distancia-de-un-suspiro-%5C-%28Morelos%29 |work=Mexico Desconocido |location=Mexico City |language=es |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091005023700/http://www.mexicodesconocido.com.mx/notas/1283-Cuernavaca-%5Ca-la-breve-distancia-de-un-suspiro-%5C-(Morelos) |archive-date=5 October 2009 |url-status=live ))</ref> [[María Félix]], a Mexican [[diva]], had an opulent, cobalt-blue and papaya-colored villa on Avenida Palmira, along with five other houses. It is known as the ''Casa de las Tortugas'' (House of the Turtles) and has Louis XV beds, is adorned with silk brocades, Venetian mosaics, Talavera urns, marble fireplaces, sixteenth-century Spanish armor, Italian gilded chairs, and portraits of her created by Antoine Tzapoff.

U.S. Ambassador and businessman [[Dwight Morrow]] had a weekend house called ''Casa Mañana'' on the street that bears his name downtown. Morrow commissioned the artist [[Diego Rivera]] to paint the murals of the Palacio de Cortes. Today the restaurant ''La India Bonita'' is housed there. The restaurant is named for Concepción Sedano, the legendary mistress of [[Maximilian I of Mexico|Emperor Maximilia I]]. There is a painting of Maximilian and Concepcion by ''Taracena'' in the City Museum.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2461 |title=Casa Mañana |access-date=10 March 2019 |work=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205232319/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2461 |archive-date=5 December 2018 |publisher=Secretaría de Turismo y Desarrollo Económico |url-status=dead ))</ref> You can also see Rivera murals at the restaurant ''Casa Rivera'', which was once the home of the Mexican actor Mario Moreno [[Cantinflas]]. The restaurant is on Juarez, across from the Palacio de Cortes.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.casarivera.mx/ |title=Casa Rivera. Cuernavaca, Morelos |work=Restaurante Casa Rivera - Cuernavaca Morelos |access-date=10 March 2019 |language=es |archive-date=6 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206001550/https://www.casarivera.mx/ |url-status=live ))</ref>

The legalization of gambling for a short time in the 1930s attracted Hollywood stars and [[American Mafia|mobsters]] from the United States.<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.mexicoonmymind.com/cuernavaca/ |access-date=28 December 2018 |title=Cuernavaca |work=Mexico in my Mind |language=es |date=24 May 2012 |first=Ron |last=Burdine |archive-date=29 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181229075744/https://www.mexicoonmymind.com/cuernavaca/ |url-status=live ))</ref> Cuernavaca was the setting of [[Malcolm Lowry]]'s ''[[Under the Volcano]]'' written in 1947. It is a tale of despair and self-destruction due to alcoholism. In the 1950s and 1960s, the city attracted many directors, producers, and actors from Hollywood, many of whom had been [[Hollywood blacklist|blacklisted]] through the influence of McCarthyism.

Cuernavaca became the host of the CIDOC (Centro Intercultural de Documentación) in 1961, a Catholic institution that indoctrinated priests from developed countries before they were deployed elsewhere in Latin America. CIDOC's lasting reputation was assured by its founding director [[Ivan Illich]], though it closed, "a victim of its own success", ten years later under right-wing political pressure.<ref name="CIDOC-Illich">((cite news |last1=Todd |last2=La Cecla |title=Obituary: Ivan Illich |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/dec/09/guardianobituaries.highereducation |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=15 February 2017 |first1=Andrew |first2=Franco |publisher=[[Guardian News & Media Limited]] |date=9 December 2002 |archive-date=9 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909123053/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2002/dec/09/guardianobituaries.highereducation |url-status=live ))</ref> In the 1960s, the city became one of the centers of the psychedelic movement, attracting many artists, composers, and [[hippie]]s. Another infamous resident was [[Sam "Momo" Giancana]], a mafia boss associated with the [[Saint Valentine's Day Massacre]] in Chicago, made Cuernavaca his home from 1967 until his arrest and deportation in 1974.

[[Gene Gauntier]], actress and scenarist of silent film, spent the rest of her life in Cuernavaca. She lived in her sister's home, Marguerite Wenner-Gren, wife of Swedish millionaire [[Axel Wenner-Gren]] who owned a hacienda in ''Rancho Cortés'' (today Hotel Racquet). Gauntier died in 1966. [https://www.hotelracquet.com/en/ Racquet Club (English) retrieved Dec 16, 2018]

The trend continues today, with a large number of retirees, diplomats, business executives, royalty, and government officials living in Cuernavaca from all over the world. Many of these foreign residents have formed active expatriate groups, such as the ''Cuernavaca Newcomers Club'' to offer get-togethers and advice for its members and newcomers to the city. Services for foreign residents include a large network of English-speaking doctors, foreign mass media via satellite, and ATMs networked to U.S. banks.<ref name="glance">((cite web |title=Cuernavaca, Morelos at a Glance |url=http://www.mexicoretirementguide.com/communities/cuernavaca.htm |access-date=28 September 2009 |work=Mexico Retirement Guide |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314090617/http://www.mexicoretirementguide.com/communities/cuernavaca.htm |archive-date=14 March 2017 |url-status=live ))</ref>

The deposed Shah of Iran, [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi]] lived for a short time in Cuernavaca in 1979. His move was arranged by David Rockefeller of Chase Manhattan Bank.<ref>((cite news |url=https://elpais.com/diario/1979/06/12/internacional/297986421_850215.html |access-date=16 December 2018 |title=El sha de Irán se instala temporalmente en México |date=12 June 1979 |newspaper=[[El País]] |language=es |publisher=[[Prisa]] |archive-date=17 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181217110621/https://elpais.com/diario/1979/06/12/internacional/297986421_850215.html |url-status=live ))</ref> The [[Iran hostage crisis]] was set off when he moved to New York City for medical treatment.

[[Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy]], the youngest daughter of King [[Umberto II of Italy]], lived in Colonia Acapantzingo, Cuernavaca with her husband and Luis Reyna and their three children from 1971 until his murder on 17 February 1999.<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.libertaddigital.com/chic/corazon/2016-03-07/la-desgraciada-vida-de-la-princesa-titi-de-saboya-1276569308/ |access-date=16 December 2018 |title=La desgraciada vida de la princesa Titi de Saboya |first=Manuel |last=Román |date=7 March 2016 |language=es |newspaper=[[Libertad Digital]] |archive-date=28 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628072411/https://www.libertaddigital.com/chic/corazon/2016-03-07/la-desgraciada-vida-de-la-princesa-titi-de-saboya-1276569308/ |url-status=live ))</ref>

Cuernavaca has attracted Hollywood production with parts of the 1969 film ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'' being shot in [[Tlayacapan]] north of the city, and parts of the classic 1979 comedy ''[[The In-Laws (1979 film)|The In-Laws]]'', starring Alan Arkin and Peter Falk, being filmed there. In 1984, John Huston shot ''[[Under the Volcano]]'' from [[Malcolm Lowry]]'s novel, with Albert Finney and Jacqueline Bisset in Colonia Acapantzingo, Cuernavaca and in Yautepec de Zaragoza.

==The municipality==
[[File:CAPUFE - Centro Nacional de Control.jpg|thumb|National Control Center office in Cuernavaca]]
[[File:PrGregorioTorresSchoolCV.JPG|thumb|left|A typical street]]
((Main|Cuernavaca Municipality))
Cuernavaca is composed of 12 towns: ''Acapantzingo, Ahuatepec, Amatitlan, Buenavista del Monte, Chamilpa, Chapultepec, Chipitlan, Ocotepec, San Anton Analco, Santa Maria Ahuacatitlan, Tetela del Monte,'' and ''Tlaltenango''.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2718 |work=Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca |access-date=10 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210125812/http://www.cuernavaca.gob.mx/turismo/?page_id=2718 |archive-date=10 December 2018 |language=es |title=Tlaltenango |url-status=dead ))</ref> As municipal seat of Morelos, the city of Cuernavaca has governing jurisdiction over 142 other communities.<ref name="inegi">((cite web |url=http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/default.asp?s=est&c=10395 |title=Principales resultados por localidad 2005 (ITER) |work=[[INEGI]] |language=es |access-date=28 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722200612/http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/default.asp?s=est&c=10395 |archive-date=22 July 2011))</ref> The municipality is located in the northeast portion of the State of Morelos and borders the municipalities of [[Huitzilac, Morelos|Huitzilac]], [[Temixco]], [[Miacatlán]], [[Tepoztlán]], [[Emiliano Zapata, Morelos|Zapata]] and [[Jiutepec]]. The municipalities of ''Cuernavaca, Emiliano Zapata, Huitzilac, Jiutepec, Temixco, Tepoztlan,'' and ''Xochitepec'' make up the Cuernavaca Metropolitan Area.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.obum.zmcuernavaca.morelos.gob.mx/proyectos/Informe%20ejecutivo%20MovilidadU.pdf |title=Estudio sectoral de movilidad urbana de la zona metropolitana de Cuernavaca |date=31 July 2012 |access-date=10 March 2019 |work=Gobierno del Estado de Morelos |pages=26 |language=es |archive-date=12 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412022221/http://www.obum.zmcuernavaca.morelos.gob.mx/proyectos/Informe%20ejecutivo%20MovilidadU.pdf |url-status=live ))</ref>

In the 2005 census, the municipality had only 3,041 are counted as speaking an indigenous language.<ref name="inegi"/> In 2015 the municipality's population was 366,321.<ref>((cite web |url=http://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/ |title=Número de habitantes. Morelos |year=2015 |work=[[INEGI]] |access-date=10 March 2019 |language=es |archive-date=4 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220804023637/https://cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/mor/poblacion/ |url-status=live ))</ref> The city of Cuernavaca is located in the southern portion of the area of the municipality. Urban development covers about 38%, which is the city of Cuernavaca and a few suburbs.

===Geography===

The municipality is located between the [[Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt]] in the north and the [[Sierra Madre del Sur]] in the south, in a sub-mountain range named the Sierra del Chichinautzin. The municipality contains an area of ((convert|151.2|km2|1|lk=on|abbr=off)); ((convert|5,668|ha|lk=on|abbr=off)) is dedicated to agriculture, ((convert|8,227|ha|abbr=on)) for fishing, ((convert|5,400|ha|abbr=on)) is developed, and ((convert|1,390|ha|abbr=on)) is forest. The average altitude is ((convert|2,200|m|lk=out|abbr=off)) [[above sea level]], varying between ((convert|1,255|and|2,355|m|abbr=off)). The highest elevations are in the east and north.

====Rivers and streams====

During the rainy season, rivers are formed in the ravines of ''Minaltepec, Ajomulco, Los Caldos'' (with the San Anton Falls), ''Los Pocitos, 'El Pollo'' and ''El Chiflón''; together they form the Cuernavaca River. The riverbeds of ''Tepoztitlán'' and ''Mexicana'' form the ''Río Tembembe''.

Other streams are in the gulch of ''las Canoas'' (which crosses ''Tetela del Monte'' and joins the ''Atzingo''), the ''Tecolote'' (which forms the San Anton waterfall), the ''Amanalco'' (which drains in the ''Río Apatlaco''), the ''Otates'', the ''Santa Úrsula'' (which drains into the ''Río Tetlama''), and the ''Muerto'' (which begins in Ahuatepec and crosses Flores Magón). The springs in Cuernavaca are: Los ''Atzingo, el túnel de Santa María, Sanguijuela, Huitzilac, Axomulco'', and ''Chapultepec''.<ref>((cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/estadodemorelos1/home/hidrografia|title=Hidrografia. - Estado de morelos|website=sites.google.com|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-date=30 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130005040/https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?continue=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fsites%2Fsystem%2Ferrors%2FWebspaceNotFound%3Fpath%3D%2Festadodemorelos1%2Fhome%2Fhidrografia&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fsites.google.com%2Fsite%2Fsites%2Fsystem%2Ferrors%2FWebspaceNotFound%3Fpath%3D%2Festadodemorelos1%2Fhome%2Fhidrografia&ifkv=ASKXGp0c9gpT7Dk1aVNY7nj1WTixkYGWC5IMw6VUtZeH7L-Utbs56Ob14w2gBZI78ygj8HzLMCHwiA&passive=1209600&service=jotspot&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&dsh=S956788468%3A1706575840640176&theme=glif|url-status=live))</ref> The municipality is located in the [[Amacuzac River]] Basin.

===Notable municipal presidents===

Since 1929 the city has had 50 mayors, including:
*(1955–1956): [[Felipe Rivera Crespo]]((efn|[[Governor of Morelos]] (1955–1956) and (1970–1976)))
* (1997–2000): [[Sergio Estrada Cajigal|Sergio Estrada Cajigal Ramírez]]. Estrada Cajigal was elected governor of Morelos in 2000. His was the first time an opposition candidate ([[National Action Party (Mexico)|PAN]]) won. 
* (2003–2006): [[Adrián Rivera Pérez]] (PAN). Federal senator 2006–2012.
* (2006–2009): [[Jesús Giles Sánchez]] (PAN). Federal deputy 2009–2012. * (2011–2012): Rogelio Sánchez Gatica (PRI). He was charged with stealing $154 million pesos.<ref>((cite web|url=http://fiscaliageneral.morelos.gob.mx/noticia/formula-pgj-imputacion-a-ex-edil-rogelio-sanchez-gatica-por-peculado|title=Formula PGJ imputación a ex edil Rogelio Sánchez gatica por peculado|website=Fiscalía General del Estado|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210111112/http://fiscaliageneral.morelos.gob.mx/noticia/formula-pgj-imputacion-a-ex-edil-rogelio-sanchez-gatica-por-peculado|archive-date=10 December 2018|url-status=dead))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u1kFUidDDY| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/5u1kFUidDDY| archive-date=17 November 2021 | url-status=live|title=Entrevista a Rogelio SÃ¡nchez Gatica, Ex Alcalde de Cuernavaca|last=Union Morelos|via=YouTube))((cbignore))</ref>
* (2015–2018): [[Cuauhtémoc Blanco]] ([[Social Democratic Party (Mexico)|PSD]]). Resigned to run for governor of Morelos in 2018 and elected in July 2018 (Morena).<ref>((cite web|url=https://voxpopulinoticias.com.mx/2018/04/denisse-arizmendi-nueva-edil-de-cuernavaca-tras-licencia-de-cuau/|title=Denisse Arizmendi, nueva edil de Cuernavaca tras licencia de "Cuau"|date=3 April 2018|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-date=10 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210112707/https://voxpopulinoticias.com.mx/2018/04/denisse-arizmendi-nueva-edil-de-cuernavaca-tras-licencia-de-cuau/|url-status=dead))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://adnpolitico.com/estados/2018/07/08/cuauhtemoc-blanco-es-oficialmente-gobernador-electo-de-morelos|title=Cuauhtémoc Blanco es oficialmente gobernador electo de Morelos|date=9 July 2018|website=ADNPolítico|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-date=10 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210111100/https://adnpolitico.com/estados/2018/07/08/cuauhtemoc-blanco-es-oficialmente-gobernador-electo-de-morelos|url-status=live))</ref>
*(2019–2021): [[Francisco Antonio Villalobos Adán]] ([[National Regeneration Movement|Morena]]).((efn|<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/es-villalobos-alcalde-electo-de-cuernavaca-1818472.html|title=Es Villalobos alcalde electo de Cuernavaca|first=Israel|last=Mariano|website=El Sol de Cuernavaca|access-date=10 December 2018|archive-date=10 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210111136/https://www.elsoldecuernavaca.com.mx/local/es-villalobos-alcalde-electo-de-cuernavaca-1818472.html|url-status=live))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://impepac.mx/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Candidatos-electos-2018.pdf |title=Candidatos electos 2018 |website=impepac.mx |access-date=14 December 2018 |archive-date=12 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112070839/http://impepac.mx/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Candidatos-electos-2018.pdf |url-status=live ))</ref> Villalobos was chosen as a substitute candidate after the original candidate of his party, José Luis Gómez Borbolla, had his registration canceled. After winning the July 2018 election, Villalobos Adan's house was shot at in October, so he decided to stay out of the spotlight from November 2018 until he took office on 1 January 2019, citing threats on his life.<ref>((cite web|url=https://elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/le-pusieron-precio-a-mi-vida-alcalde-electo-de-cuernavaca|title=Le pusieron precio a mi vida: alcalde electo de Cuernavaca|website=El Financiero|access-date=23 January 2019|archive-date=11 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111115838/http://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/nacional/le-pusieron-precio-a-mi-vida-alcalde-electo-de-cuernavaca|url-status=live))</ref>))

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===
Cuernavaca has a [[tropical savanna climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Aw'') bordering on a [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cwa''), with temperatures that are moderated by its altitude. The warmest month is May with an average temperature of ((convert|23.5|C|F|1)) and the coolest month is January with an average of ((convert|18.7|C|F|1)). The municipality has two distinct climates. In the north, is a temperate climate that is somewhat moist with rain predominantly in the summer. That area is covered in forests of pine and [[Quercus agrifolia|holm oak]]. In the south, is a tropical climate that is warmer with the same moisture pattern. The southern area is primarily grassland with some rainforest. Average annual temperature is ((convert|20.9|°C|0)) with the warmest months being April and May and the coolest being January and December. Temperatures only occasionally exceed ((convert|34|°C|0)) or fall below ((convert|10|°C|0)).<ref name="encmuc"/>

((Weather box
| location     = Cuernavaca (1951–2010)
| metric first = yes
| single line  = yes
| open         = 
| Jan record high C = 31.5
| Feb record high C = 37.0
| Mar record high C = 36.0
| Apr record high C = 39.5
| May record high C = 37.5
| Jun record high C = 36.0
| Jul record high C = 34.0
| Aug record high C = 33.5
| Sep record high C = 31.5
| Oct record high C = 36.0
| Nov record high C = 31.0
| Dec record high C = 34.0
| year record high C = 39.5
| Jan high C = 25.2
| Feb high C = 26.5
| Mar high C = 28.8
| Apr high C = 30.1
| May high C = 29.7
| Jun high C = 27.1
| Jul high C = 26.2
| Aug high C = 26.1
| Sep high C = 25.1
| Oct high C = 25.9
| Nov high C = 25.8
| Dec high C = 25.2
| year high C = 26.8
| Jan mean C = 18.7
| Feb mean C = 19.9
| Mar mean C = 21.9
| Apr mean C = 23.3
| May mean C = 23.5
| Jun mean C = 22.0
| Jul mean C = 21.1
| Aug mean C = 21.0
| Sep mean C = 20.4
| Oct mean C = 20.4
| Nov mean C = 19.7
| Dec mean C = 18.9
| year mean C = 20.9
| Jan low C = 12.2
| Feb low C = 13.3
| Mar low C = 15.0
| Apr low C = 16.6
| May low C = 17.3
| Jun low C = 16.8
| Jul low C = 16.0
| Aug low C = 15.9
| Sep low C = 15.7
| Oct low C = 14.9
| Nov low C = 13.7
| Dec low C = 12.7
| year low C = 15.0
| Jan record low C = 3.0
| Feb record low C = 5.0
| Mar record low C = 6.5
| Apr record low C = 10.0
| May record low C = 11.0
| Jun record low C = 10.0
| Jul record low C = 11.0
| Aug record low C = 10.0
| Sep record low C = 10.0
| Oct record low C = 9.0
| Nov record low C = 3.0
| Dec record low C = 5.0
| year record low C = 3.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 13.6
| Feb precipitation mm = 7.2
| Mar precipitation mm = 5.6
| Apr precipitation mm = 15.5
| May precipitation mm = 57.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 250.9
| Jul precipitation mm = 266.7
| Aug precipitation mm = 268.1
| Sep precipitation mm = 256.3
| Oct precipitation mm = 100.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 16.7
| Dec precipitation mm = 5.2
| year precipitation mm = 1263.7
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 1.3
| Feb precipitation days = 1.3
| Mar precipitation days = 1.3
| Apr precipitation days = 3.3
| May precipitation days = 8.6
| Jun precipitation days = 18.8
| Jul precipitation days = 20.7
| Aug precipitation days = 21.0
| Sep precipitation days = 20.0
| Oct precipitation days = 9.7
| Nov precipitation days = 2.4
| Dec precipitation days = 1.1
| year precipitation days = 109.5
| Jan humidity = 51
| Feb humidity = 47
| Mar humidity = 39
| Apr humidity = 40
| May humidity = 48
| Jun humidity = 62
| Jul humidity = 68
| Aug humidity = 67
| Sep humidity = 73
| Oct humidity = 68
| Nov humidity = 60
| Dec humidity = 56
| year humidity = 57
| Jan sun = 277
| Feb sun = 271
| Mar sun = 293
| Apr sun = 276
| May sun = 263
| Jun sun = 209
| Jul sun = 239
| Aug sun = 219
| Sep sun = 189
| Oct sun = 237
| Nov sun = 268
| Dec sun = 270
| year sun = 3011
| source 1 = Servicio Meteorologico Nacional (humidity 1981–2000)<ref name=SMN>((cite web
|url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Normales5110/NORMAL17004.TXT
|title = Estado de Morelos-Estacion: Cuernavaca
|work = Normales Climatologicas 1951–2010
|language = es
|publisher = Servicio Meteorologico Nacional
|access-date = 25 April 2015
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205016/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Normales5110/NORMAL17004.TXT
|archive-date = 3 March 2016
))</ref><ref name=obs>((cite web
|url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/cuernavaca.pdf
|title = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000
|publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
|language = es
|access-date = 25 April 2015
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304053728/http://smn.cna.gob.mx/observatorios/historica/cuernavaca.pdf
|archive-date = 4 March 2016
))</ref>
| source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (sun, 1961–1990)<ref name = DWD>((cite web
|url = ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195327/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 17 October 2017
|title = Station 76726: Cuernavaca, Mor.
|work = Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration
|publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
|access-date = 1 May 2015
))</ref>((efn|[https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195318/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/help/stations_list_CLIMAT_data.txt Station ID for Cuernavaca, Mor. is 76726] Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration))
| date     = July 2012))

==Economy==
Most of the economic activity in the municipality is retail trade, concentrated in and around the city of Cuernavaca. Agriculture and fish farming employ the fewest people, although the municipality contains a good quantity of resources for these enterprises. The far north of the municipality generally is not suited to agriculture, due to the terrain and types of volcanic soil found there. Most agriculture is concentrated in the southeast. The lower elevations, at around ((convert|1,800|m|abbr=off)), is best-suited for fishing and fish-farming. The middle range, between ((convert|1,800|and|2,100|m|abbr=off)), has uses mixed between agriculture and forest products, and the elevations higher than ((convert|2,100|m|abbr=off)) are primarily forest. Fish farming areas are under pressure from urban development, especially in the Ahuatepec region east of the city, where irregular and sometimes illegal, housing developments are appearing among the farms.<ref name="encmuc"/>

On the outskirts of Cuernavaca, there are a handful of plant [[Plant nursery|nurseries]], specializing in the planting, growing and distribution, including international shipments, of plants, flowers and seeds. Many famous gardens around the world are supplied with flowers from the Cuernavaca region.

Industry is minimal and mostly limited to micro-industries such as printing, framing, ceramics, garment-making, and the production of cleaning supplies. This employs about 28% of the population. Most of the population (67%) is employed in the retail and service industries, both dependent on tourism.<ref name="encmuc"/>

Crafts from this area primarily consist of ceramics and [[wax]] products. The wax used is from bees and generally it is shaped into capricious figures. Flowerpots and clay objects from San Antón, handcrafted paper from wood chips with multicolored paintings, and wood lacquered masks are other products of the municipality.<ref name="encmuc"/>

==Education==
There are many private elementary (grades 1-6), middle (grades 7-9), and high schools (grades 10-12) in Cuernavaca. Below are the elementary and middle schools that did the best on the government standard exam ''Enlace.'' in 2009.<ref>[https://www.escolar.com.mx/?id=Las%2010%20escuelas%20con%20los%20mejores%20resultados%20en%20la%20prueba%20ENLACE%202009%20en%20MORELOS ENLACE 2009, las 10 escuelas con los mejores resultados en la prueba en Morelos] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103300/https://www.escolar.com.mx/?id=Las%2010%20escuelas%20con%20los%20mejores%20resultados%20en%20la%20prueba%20ENLACE%202009%20en%20MORELOS |date=5 December 2018 )) escolar.com.mx</ref> (NOTE: The list is for the State of [[Morelos]]. The Enlace tests Spanish language and math ability, but it does not test English.)

'''Elementary schools'''

1. Ingles de Cuernavaca (private)
2. Huitzilac (private)
3. ABC (private)
4. Montessori (private) There are several schools that follow the teachings of [[Maria Montessori]] in the city, but the article does not say which one is included here.
5. Colegio Mundo Feliz (private)
6. Colegio Tehatsi (private)
7. Colegio Hamilton of Cuernavaca (private)
8. Olinca (private)
9. Niños Heroes (public)
10. Dorados (private)

'''Middle schools'''
1. Colegio Tehatsi (private)
2. Centro Educativo Cocoyoc (private)
3. Dorados (private)
4. Colegio Boston (private)
5. Nezahuacoyotl (telesecundaria)
6. Helen Keller (private)
7. Colegio Williams of Cuernavaca (private)
8. Miraflores de Cuernavaca (private)
9. Martires Agraristas (telesecundaria)
10. Olinca de Cuernavaca (private)

'''High schools''' There are no standardized tests for high school students. The following schools offer bilingual (Spanish-English) programs at the high-school level:
* Colegio Marymount, Colonia Rancho Tetela<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.marymount.edu.mx/preparatoria|title=Preparatoria - Colegio Marymount Cuernavaca|website=www.marymount.edu.mx|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103345/http://www.marymount.edu.mx/preparatoria|url-status=live))</ref> American-style high school that offers a complete programs in English and French.
* Colegio Williams de Cuernavaca, Colonia Flores Magon<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.cwc.edu.mx/page.php?page=4|title=Colegio Williams de Cuernavaca|website=www.cwc.edu.mx|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103357/http://www.cwc.edu.mx/page.php?page=4|url-status=live))</ref> EFL program that offers advanced Cambridge University certification and French certification.
* Preparatoria de Colegio Boston, Colonia Chapultepec<ref>((cite web|url=https://guia-morelos.portaldeeducacion.com.mx/bachillerato/PREPARATORIA-DEL-COLEGIO-BOSTON-chapultepec-cuernavaca-morelos-i101979.htm|title=PREPARATORIA DEL COLEGIO BOSTON CUERNAVACA CHAPULTEPEC|last=portaldeeducacion.com.mx|website=portaldeeducacion.com.mx|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=29 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200729024742/https://guia-morelos.portaldeeducacion.com.mx/bachillerato/PREPARATORIA-DEL-COLEGIO-BOSTON-chapultepec-cuernavaca-morelos-i101979.htm|url-status=live))</ref>
* Universidad Tecmilenio (Lomas de Cuernavaca, Temixco)<ref>((cite web|url=https://universidades.estudia.com.mx/u17212-universidad-tecmilenio-campus-cuernavaca.html|title=Universidad Tecmilenio, Campus Cuernavaca|website=universidades.estudia.com.mx|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103357/https://universidades.estudia.com.mx/u17212-universidad-tecmilenio-campus-cuernavaca.html|url-status=live))</ref>
* Tecnologico de Monterrey (Temixco)<ref>((cite web|url=https://tec.mx/en/about-us/formation-transforms-lives|title=Formation that transforms lives|website=tec.mx|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103409/https://tec.mx/en/about-us/formation-transforms-lives|url-status=live))</ref> American-style high school that offers two bilingual (English-Spanish) programs, depending on level.
* Loyola Grupo Educativo de Cuernavaca<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.grupoloyola.edu.mx/wp/niveles-educativos/preparatoria/|title=Preparatoria|last=admin|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=5 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205193507/http://www.grupoloyola.edu.mx/wp/niveles-educativos/preparatoria/|url-status=dead))</ref>

'''Universities serving Cuernavaca'''
* The National Autonomous University of Mexico (Spanish: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México), [[UNAM]] maintains a campus in Cuernavaca.
* The Autonomous University of the State of Morelos (Spanish: [[Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos]] (UAEM).<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.uaem.mx/ |title=Home |website=uaem.mx |access-date=1 December 2018 |archive-date=29 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129042322/https://www.uaem.mx/ |url-status=live ))</ref> The university has an exchange program.
* Universidad Mexicana de Educación a Distancia (UMED)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.umed.edu.mx/|title=UMED:: Universidad en Línea|website=www.umed.edu.mx|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201135136/http://www.umed.edu.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Friar Luca Paccioli University (Spanish: Universidad Fray Luca Paccioli (UFLP)<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.uflp.net/|title=Universidad Fray Luca Paccioli|website=Universidad Fray Luca Paccioli|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093306/http://www.uflp.net/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Universidad del Valle de Cuernavaca (UVNIVAC)<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.univac.edu.mx/|title=UNIVAC|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=9 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109105346/https://www.univac.edu.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Universidad Interamericana, Campus Cuernavaca<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.lainter.edu.mx/|title=La inter - Universidad, Puebla, Prepa, Licenciatura, Maestrías, Becas, Diplomados, Emprendedores, Estadía empresarial|website=www.lainter.edu.mx|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=18 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181218060017/http://www.lainter.edu.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Universidad Privada del Estado de Morelos (UPEM)<ref>((Cite web|url=http://upem.edu.mx/inicio/|title=(WFsites) - No se encontró la página|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093404/http://upem.edu.mx/inicio/|url-status=dead))</ref>
* Universidad Americana de Morelos<ref>((cite web|url=https://uam.edu.mx/|title=Universidad Americana de Morelos - Bienvenido a nuestro grupo educativo|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093506/https://uam.edu.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Cuauhnáhuac, Campus Lomas de Cuernavaca (UNIC)<ref>((cite web|url=http://unic.edu.mx/nada/|title=Universidad Cuauhnáhuac – UNIC|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093235/http://unic.edu.mx/nada/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Universidad Loyola de Cuernavaca<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.loyola.com.mx/|title=Familia Loyola|website=www.loyola.com.mx|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=19 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170919190251/http://loyola.com.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Centro Universidad Aztlán<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ua.edu.mx/|title=INICIO|website=Centro Universitario Aztlán|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201121944/http://www.ua.edu.mx/|url-status=live))</ref> Campuses in Cuernavaca, Cuautla, Jiutepec

'''Spanish for foreigners'''

Cuernavaca has a long tradition of schools that teach Spanish to foreigners. Generally, they offer intensive classes (3–5 hours or more daily), starting with a duration of one week. Many schools offer tours and cultural activities, and they can usually help students with housing.

* Cemanuac Spanish School, Calle San Juan No. 3, Colonia Las Palmas Sur, http://www.cemanahuacspanishschool.com/ 
* Escuela de Español para Extranjeros, Colonia Prado<ref>((cite web|url=https://mexicopymes.com/ficha/escuela-de-espanol-para-extranjeros-2797720|title=ESCUELA DE ESPAÑOL PARA EXTRANJEROS (CUERNAVACA, MORELOS)|website=mexicopymes.com|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093332/https://mexicopymes.com/ficha/escuela-de-espanol-para-extranjeros-2797720|url-status=live))</ref>
* Kukulcan Educational Spanish Community<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.kukulcan.com.mx/|title=Kukulcan – Spanish School|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093254/http://www.kukulcan.com.mx/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Centro de Lengua Arte E Historia Para Extranjeros,<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.emagister.com.mx/centro_lengua_arte_e_historia_para_extranjeros-centrodetalles-17018.htm|title=Centro de Lengua Arte E Historia Para Extranjeros - Emagister|website=www.emagister.com.mx|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093344/https://www.emagister.com.mx/centro_lengua_arte_e_historia_para_extranjeros-centrodetalles-17018.htm|url-status=live))</ref>	
* Universidad Internacional Cuernavaca<ref>((cite web|url=http://studyabroadprograms.ca/Cursos-de-Espanol-en-Cuernavaca.html|title=Cursos de Español en Cuernavaca|website=studyabroadprograms.ca|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093341/http://studyabroadprograms.ca/Cursos-de-Espanol-en-Cuernavaca.html|url-status=live))</ref>
* Ideal Spanish Language School<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.idealspanishmexico.com/|title=Ideal Spanish Mexico|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181209030754/https://www.idealspanishmexico.com/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Spanish Language Institute<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.spanishincuernavaca.com/|title=Learn to Speak Spanish in Mexico|website=Spanish Language Institute|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093511/http://www.spanishincuernavaca.com/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Linguatec Cuernavaca<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.linguatec.com.mx/school/av-vicente-guerrero-749/|title=Cuernavaca|access-date=1 December 2018|archive-date=1 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201093116/https://www.linguatec.com.mx/school/av-vicente-guerrero-749/|url-status=live))</ref>
* Anders Languages<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.anderslanguages.com/en|title=Spanish & Intercultural Immersion|website=ANDERS LANGUAGES|date=25 May 2023|access-date=12 June 2020|archive-date=30 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240130005023/https://www.anderslanguages.com/en/|url-status=live))</ref>

==International relations==
((see also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Mexico))

===Twin towns – sister cities===
Cuernavaca is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
*((flagicon|USA)) [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]]
*((flagicon|USA)) [[New York, New York]]
*((flagicon|USA)) [[Denver, Colorado]]<ref>((cite web |title=Cuernavaca, Morelos |url=http://denversistercities.org/cuernavaca/ |publisher=Denver Sister Cities International |access-date=19 April 2013 |archive-date=5 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705125619/http://denversistercities.org/cuernavaca/ |url-status=live ))</ref> 
*((flagicon|JPN)) [[Ōtaki, Chiba]], Japan<ref name=International>((cite web|url=http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=12&n=Chiba%20Prefecture|title=International Exchange|work=List of Affiliation Partners within Prefectures|publisher=Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR)|language=en|access-date=21 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304204202/http://www.clair.or.jp/cgi-bin/simai/e/03.cgi?p=12&n=Chiba%20Prefecture|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead))</ref>

==Popular culture==
((Refimprovesection|date=December 2022))
'''Novels set in Cuernavaca'''

* ''[[Under the Volcano]]'' by [[Malcolm Lowry]].<ref name=Lowry>Lowry, M., 1947, Under the Volcano, New York: The New American Library, Inc.</ref>((rp|29))
* ''Please Write For Details'' by [[John D. MacDonald]]
* ''Profunda Retaguardia: Novela de Cuernavaca'' by Spanish poet José Herrera Petere.<ref>((cite web|url=https://aristeguinoticias.com/0406/kiosko/la-presencia-de-los-nazis-en-cuernavaca-primeroscapitulos/|title=La presencia de los nazis en Cuernavaca #PrimerosCapítulos - Aristegui Noticias|website=aristeguinoticias.com|access-date=3 December 2018|archive-date=4 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204005855/https://aristeguinoticias.com/0406/kiosko/la-presencia-de-los-nazis-en-cuernavaca-primeroscapitulos/|url-status=live))</ref> 
* ''Cuernavaca'' by Richard W Perhacs ((ISBN|1493785265)) & ((ISBN|978-1493785261)).
* ''[[Zami: A New Spelling of My Name]]'' by [[Audre Lorde]] is partly set in Cuernavaca.

'''Songs in English that reference Cuernavaca'''
* "Golden" by [[Harry Styles]]. 
* "Veracruz" by [[Warren Zevon]].
* "Cuernavaca Choo Choo" by [[Bob Crewe]] and Frank Slay (Swan 1959).<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/composition/12c34e96-8f60-437b-b329-dc561d2ddaf1-Kwa-Na-Va-Ka-Cuernavaca-Choo-Choo|title=(Kwa-Na-Va-Ka) Cuernavaca Choo Choo|website=Discogs|access-date=3 December 2018|archive-date=4 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204053837/https://www.discogs.com/composition/12c34e96-8f60-437b-b329-dc561d2ddaf1-Kwa-Na-Va-Ka-Cuernavaca-Choo-Choo|url-status=live))</ref>

'''Songs in Spanish that reference Cuernavaca:'''

* "La Feria de la Flor" by Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlan
* "Los Chanates" by Régulo Caro (2014)
* "Que Rechula Es Katy" by Juan Gabriel (1997)
* "Al Que Fue Mi Apa" by La Estructura (2014)
* "El Desconocido" by Larry Hernandez & Gerardo Ortiz (2015)
* "El Adios De Botas Blancas" by Los Hijos De Barron (2016)
* "Pulque, Mescal y Tequila" by Thiéfaine (2008)
* "Sábado Distrito Federal" by Chava Flores (2005) and by Los Estramboticos (2010)
* "El Vendador Ambulante" by Traviezoz De La Zierra (2016)

'''Movies set in Cuernavaca'''

* ''[[Under the Volcano (1984 film)|Under the Volcano]]'', based on the Malcolm Lowrey novel, directed by John Huston (1984)
* ''Cuernavaca'' directed Alejandro Andrade Pease (2017)
* The Bolivia scenes from ''[[Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid]]'' were filmed in and around Cuernavaca

'''TV shows set in Cuernavaca'''
*''La Fea Mas Bella'', in 3 episodes the pair travel to Cuernavaca.
*''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', in Season 3, Episode 12, the special abilities of vampire slayer Buffy Summers get chemically suppressed. As her powers decline, Buffy says her "...game's left the country.... It's in Cuernavaca!"

==Transportation==
The city is 90 minutes by car from Mexico City.

[[Cuernavaca Airport|Cuernavaca airport]] is the commercial airport in the area. It has had, intermittently, airline service from such airlines as the now bankrupt [[Mexicana de Aviacion|Mexicana]] and from [[Aeromexico]] and [[VivaAerobus]], among others.

== See also ==
((Portal|Mexico))
* [[Cuernavaca Center for Intercultural Dialogue on Development]]
* [[Governor of Morelos|Governors of Morelos]]
* [[List of people from Morelos, Mexico]]

==Notes==
((notelist))

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Commons category|Cuernavaca))
((wikivoyage|Cuernavaca))
* [http://www.morelos.gob.mx/ Ayuntamiento de Cuernavaca] Official website
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180516174910/http://www.diariodemorelos.com/content/amenaza-destituci%C3%B3n-al-alcalde-de-cuernavaca Amenaza destitución al alcalde de Cuernavaca] Diario de Morelos
* [http://www.diariodemorelos.com/noticias/ BreakingNews Cuernavaca Morelos ] BreakingNews – Diario de Morelos
* [http://catedraldecuernavaca.org/ Cathedral web page (Spanish)]

((MexicoStateCapitals))
((Morelos))
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[[Category:Cuernavaca| ]]<!--please leave the empty space as standard-->
[[Category:Capitals of states of Mexico]]
[[Category:People from Cuernavaca]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Morelos]]
[[Category:Populated places in Morelos]]
[[Category:Cities in Mexico]]
[[Category:Nahua settlements]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1560]]
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