Cum occasione
Apostolic constitution of Pope Innocent X
Coat of arms of Pope Innocent X
Signature date 31 maggio 1653
SubjectCondemned five propositions found in Cornelius Jansen's Augustinus as heretical
 

Cum occasione is an apostolic constitution in the form of a papal bull promulgated by Pope Innocent X in 1653 which condemned five propositions said to have been found in Cornelius Jansen's Augustinus as heretical.[1]

The five errors of Jansen on Grace condemned in Cum occasione are:

  1. "Some of God's commandments are impossible to just men who wish and strive to keep them, considering the powers they actually have; the grace by which these precepts may become possible is also wanting to them."[2][a]
  2. "In the state of fallen nature no one ever resists interior grace."[2][3]
  3. "In order to merit or demerit, in the state of fallen nature, we must be free from all external constraint, but not from interior necessity."[4][b]
  4. "The Semi-Pelagians admitted the necessity of interior preventing grace for all acts,[c] even for the beginning of faith; but they fell into heresy in pretending that this grace is such that man may either follow or resist it."[4][d]
  5. "It is Semi-Pelagian to say that Christ died or shed His blood for all men."[4][e]

Bernard Otten explained, in A manual of the history of dogmas, that the first four of these propositions are absolutely condemned as heretical; while the fifth is condemned as heretical when taken in the sense that Christ died only for the predestined.[4]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Denzinger (2012, n. 2001) translated the first proposition as: "Some of God's commandments cannot be observed by just men with the strength they have in the present state, even if they wish and strive to observe them; not do they have the grace that would make their observance possible."
  2. ^ Where Otten translated "we must be free from all external constraint, but not from interior necessity", Denzinger translated as "it is necessary for man to have freedom from necessity, but freedom from coercion suffices."[4][5]
  3. ^ Where Otten translated "interior preventing grace", Denzinger translated as "prevenient interior grace".[4][6]
  4. ^ Where Otten translated "but they fell into heresy in pretending that this grace is such that man may either follow or resist it", Denzinger translated as "and their heresy consisted of this, that they held this grace to be such that the human will could either resist it or submit to it."[4][6]
  5. ^ Where Otten translated "for all men", Denzinger added "for all men without exception".[4][7]

Citations

  1. ^ Denzinger 2012, n. 2001–2007.
  2. ^ a b Otten 1918, p. 508.
  3. ^ Denzinger 2012, n. 2002.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Otten 1918, p. 509.
  5. ^ Denzinger 2012, n. 2003.
  6. ^ a b Denzinger 2012, n. 2004.
  7. ^ Denzinger 2012, n. 2005.

References

  • Denzinger, Heinrich; Hünermann, Peter; et al., eds. (2012). "Compendium of Creeds, Definitions, and Declarations on Matters of Faith and Morals". Enchiridion symbolorum: a compendium of creeds, definitions and declarations of the Catholic Church (43rd ed.). San Francisco: Ignatius Press. ISBN 978-0898707465.
  • Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: Otten, Bernard J. (1918). A manual of the history of dogmas. Vol. 2. St. Louis, MO; London: B. Herder. pp. 508–509. hdl:2027/mdp.39015067211972. OCLC 297449826. Retrieved 2014-11-06.

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