Cupan
Geographic
distribution		southern California
Linguistic classificationUto-Aztecan
Subdivisions
Glottologcupa1239
Historical extent of Cupan languages

The Cupan languages is a branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family that comprises Cupeño, Ivilyuat (Cahuilla), Luiseño-Juaneño, and perhaps Nicoleño[citation needed], all historically spoken in southern California.

The branch had long been considered to be part of the Takic subgroup, but there is doubt about the validity of Takic as a genetic unit, the similarities between the languages classed as Takic possibly being due primarily to borrowing.[1][2]

Languages and dialects

(†) – Extinct language

References

  1. ^ Shaul, D. L. (2014). A Prehistory of Western North America: The Impact of Uto-Aztecan Languages. UNM Press.
  2. ^ Hill, J. H. (2011). "Subgrouping in Uto-Aztecan". Language Dynamics and Change, 1(2), 241-278.
  3. ^ a b Golla, Victor (2011-08-02). California Indian Languages. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26667-4.
  4. ^ Mamet, Ingo (2008). Man-bear travels to hell: aspects of the phonological description of a Cahuilla narrative. LINCOM GmbH. ISBN 9783895867866.
  5. ^ Hill, Jane H. (2005). A Grammar of Cupeño. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24637-9.
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