Czytelnik
Czytelnik Publishing House
StatusActive
Founded1944
Country of originPoland
Headquarters locationWarsaw
Official websitewww.czytelnik.pl

The Czytelnik Publishing House (Polish: Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza „Czytelnik”) is a publishing company in Poland.[1] It was established in 1944 behind the Soviet front line as the Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza "Czytelnik" ("Czytelnik" Publishing Cooperative). As of now, it is the oldest post–World War II publisher in Poland.[2] The word czytelnik means "reader" in Polish.

Intended to be located in Warsaw after the Nazi German withdrawal, it was temporarily headquartered in Lublin and Łódź. In July 1945 the headquarters were moved to Warsaw.[2] Initially, the Czytelnik published newspapers, periodicals, as well as books. Since 1951 publishing of newspapers and periodicals was transferred to the Workers' Publishing Cooperative "Prasa" ("Press"), which was reorganized and greatly expanded in 1973 as the Prasa-Książka-Ruch ("Press-Book-Movement") monopoly financing the PZPR until the end of Soviet domination.[3]

In 1945–48 the publishing house was under heavy influence of a committed Stalinist Jerzy Borejsza. It was a publishing monopoly in Communist Poland, described by Czesław Miłosz as Borejsza's "personal state-within-a-state for books and press".[4] Borejsza was removed from his role during the ousting of Władysław Gomułka in 1948, part of the Soviet-led campaign against the so-called "right-wing and nationalist deviation" in Polish Workers' Party.[5]

Presidents

Book series

References

  1. ^ "Czytelnik" website.
  2. ^ a b c History of Czytelnik
  3. ^ Marta Polaczek-Bigaj. "Robotnicza Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza "Prasa-Książka-Ruch" u schyłku okresu PRL i przyczyny jej likwidacji" (PDF). Nr 5 (1) 2013 (in Polish and English). Kultura i Wychowanie. Rozprawy historyczno-filozoficzne. pp. 10 of 10. Archived from the original (PDF file, direct download 2.27 MB) on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
  4. ^ "Najważniejsza Borejsza", Gazeta Wyborcza, October 30, 2010 (retrieved June 3, 2013)
  5. ^ Marci Shore, Caviar and Ashes: A Warsaw Generation's Life and Death in Marxism, 1918-1968 p. 298
  6. ^ Archiwum Kultury, worldcat.org. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  7. ^ Biblioteka Dwudziestolecia, worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  8. ^ "Expressu Wieczornego", worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  9. ^ Biblioteka Gazety Poznanskiej, worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  10. ^ Biblioteka Literatury Faktu XXX-lecia, worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  11. ^ Biblioteka Satyry, worldcat.org. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  12. ^ Zgrzebłem po kołtunie: wybór współczesnej humoreski polskiej, Google Books, google.com. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  13. ^ East European Accessions Index, Volume 2, Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1953, p. 36. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  14. ^ Biblioteka Trybuny Wolnosci, worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  15. ^ Biblioteka Uniwersytetow Robotniczych, worldcat.org. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  16. ^ Klub Dobrej Ksiazki, worldcat.org. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  17. ^ Pamietniki kobiet, worldcat.org. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
  18. ^ Prace Polskiego Instytutu Socjologicznego, worldcat.org. Retrieved 27 February 2021.
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