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Spratly Islands
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Spratly Islands dispute Territorial disputes in the South China Sea Philippines and the Spratly Islands Dangerous Ground (South China Sea) Great Wall of Sand History of the Spratly Islands List of maritime features in the Spratly Islands List of airports in the Spratly Islands Vietnamese DK1 rigs Royal Malaysian Navy Offshore Bases Republic of Morac-Songhrati-Meads Free Territory of Freedomland
Confrontations
Southwest Cay incident (1975) East Sea Campaign (1975) Johnson South Reef skirmish (1988)
Military occupations
Occupied by Brunei Louisa Reef-Semarang Barat Kecil Reef Occupied by China (PRC) Cuarteron Reef, Huayang Reef Fiery Cross Reef, Yongshu Reef Gaven Reefs, Nanxun Reef and Xinan Reef Hughes Reef, Dongmen Reef Johnson South Reef, Chigua Reef Mischief Reef, Meiji Reef Subi Reef, Zhubi Reef Occupied by Malaysia Ardasier Reef, Ubi Reef Dallas Reef, Laya Reef Erica Reef, Siput Reef Investigator Shoal, Peninjau Shoal Mariveles Reef, Mantanani Reef Swallow Reef, Layang-Layang Island Occupied by the Philippines Commodore Reef, Rizal Reef Flat Island, Patag Island Irving Reef, Balagtas Reef Lankiam Cay, Panata Island Loaita Cay, Melchora Aquino Island Loaita Island, Kota Island Nanshan Island, Lawak Island Northeast Cay, Parola Island Second Thomas Shoal, Ayungin Shoal Thitu Island, Pagasa Island West York Island, Likas Island Occupied by Taiwan (ROC) Centre Cay, Zhongzhou Reef Itu Aba Island, Taiping Island Occupied by Vietnam Amboyna Cay, An Bang Island Bombay Castle, Ba Ke Collins Reef, Co Lin Reef Cornwallis South Reef, Nui Le Reef Ladd Reef, Lat Reef Namyit Island, Nam Yet Island Sand Cay, Son Ca Island Sin Cowe Island, Sinh Ton Island Southwest Cay, Song Tu Tay Island Spratly Island, Truong Sa Island Unoccupied Half Moon Shoal Luconia Shoals Northeast Investigator Shoal Royal Captain Shoal Sabina Shoal Western Reef Whitsun Reef
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The DK1 platforms (Vietnamese: Nhà giàn DK1, lit. 'DK1 rigs'), abbreviated from cụm Dịch vụ kinh tế - Khoa học kỹ thuật (lit. 'the Scientific & Technological - Economic Service compounds'), are a collection of offshore platforms built by Vietnam in the southern continental shelf of the country in the South China Sea. The platforms are complex steel structures composed of logistics and living facilities, manned by Vietnam People's Navy personnel.^[1]

Background

In response to the PRC's expansion into the South China Sea (SCS), in the mid 1980s, the Socialist Republic of Vietnam predicted the need for it to protect itself. This led to the planning of, and in 1989, establishment of, the first DK1 platform.^[2]

platform locations

DK1 platforms have been established in seven localities in the southwest of the Spratly Archipelago and on the south of Vietnam's continental shelf at:

• Bãi cạn Tư Chính - Vanguard Bank
• Bãi cạn Phúc Tần - Prince of Wales Bank
• Bãi ngầm Ba Kè - Bombay Castle
• Bãi cạn Phúc Nguyên - Prince Consort Bank
• Bãi cạn Huyền Trân - Alexandra Bank
• Bãi cạn Quế Đường - Grainger Bank
• Bãi cạn Cà Mau - Off the Cà Mau peninsula, the southernmost part of Vietnam.

platforms

A total of 20 platforms^[3] have been built on the continental shelf in waters of depth from 7m (DK1/3) to 25m (DK1/15), from 1989 to 1998. Currently (2015) there are a total of 15 platforms in use. Facilities include 8 helicopter pads, 4 lighthouses, and a meteorological observatory. There are 14 platforms in the Spratly Islands, and one (DK1/10) in Ca Mau Shoals off the southwest coast of Vietnam.

Vanguard Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Tư Chính)

The current (2015) cluster has 3 platforms in use.

• DK1/1: Completed 27 June 1989, is the 3rd construction. Currently not used.
• DK1/5: Completed 2 November 1989, is the 4th platform built. Currently not used.
• DK1/11: Completed 5 May 1994.
• DK1/12: Completed 8 August 1994.
• DK1/14: Completed 20 April 1995.

Prince of Wales Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Phúc Tần)

The current (2015) cluster has 4 platforms in use.

• DK1/3: Completed 15 June 1989, was the first platform completed. It collapsed on the night of 4 December 1990 during a heavy storm.
• DK1/2: Completed 18 August 1993.
• DK1/16: Completed 20 August 1996.
• DK1/17: Completed 23 August 1996.
• DK1/18: Completed 13 April 1997. This platform includes a lighthouse.

Rifleman Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Phúc Tần)

The current (2015) cluster has 3 platforms in use.

• DK1/4: Completed 16 June 1989, is the 2nd platform completed. It collapsed on the night of 4 December 1990 during a heavy storm.^[4]
• DK1/9: Completed 22 August 1993.^[5]
• DK1/20: Completed 13 August 1998.^[6]
• DK1/21: Completed 19 August 1998. This platform includes a lighthouse.^[7]

Prince Consort Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Phúc Nguyên)

The current (2015) cluster has 1 platform in use.

• DK1/6: Completed 10 November 1990, is the 5th frame completed. It collapsed on the night of 4 December 1990 during a heavy storm.
• DK1/15: Completed in April 1995.
• 2A/DK1/6: Was completed 17 April 1995 using the foundations of the old DK1/6 platform. It collapsed during a storm on 13 December 1998.

Alexandra Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Huyền Trân)

The current (2015) cluster has 1 platform in use.

• DK1/7: Completed 11 November 1991. Includes a lighthouse and a meteorological observatory.

Grainger Bank (Vietnamese: Bãi Quế Đường)

The current (2015) cluster has 2 platforms in use.

• DK1/8: Completed 4 November 1991. Includes a lighthouse.
• DK1/19: Completed 10 April 1997.

  

Ca Mau Shoals (Vietnamese: Bãi Cà Mau)

The current (2015) cluster has 1 platform in use.

• DK1/10: Completed in 1994. 8°15′13″N 103°39′46″E / 8.2536236°N 103.6628723°E / 8.2536236; 103.6628723 (DK 1/10)

  

Summary