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((Short description|Railway line in Yorkshire, England))
((About|a current railway service from York to Sheffield|the former line from Brierley Junction to Doncaster|Dearne Valley Railway))
((More citations needed|date=August 2019))
((Use British English|date=September 2013))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2018))
((Infobox rail line
|name        =  Dearne Valley line
| box_width  =
|color       = 231f20
|logo        =
|logo_width  =
|image       = Pontefract Baghill 2018.jpg
|image_width = 300px
|caption     = Pacer unit at Pontefract Baghill
|type        =
|system      =
|status      =
|locale      =  [[North Yorkshire]]<br>[[South Yorkshire]]<br>[[West Yorkshire]]
|start       = ((stnlink|Sheffield))
|end         = ((rws|York))
|stations    =
|routes      =
|open        =
|close       =
|owner       = [[Network Rail]]
|operator    =
|character   =
|depot       =
|stock       =
|linelength  =
|tracklength =
|gauge       = ((RailGauge|uksg|allk=on))
|speed       =
|elevation   =
|map         = [[File:Dearne Valley line.png|300px]]<br />([[:commons:File:Dearne Valley line.png|Click to expand]])
|map_state   = expanded
))
((Dearne Valley Line|collapse=y))
The '''Dearne Valley line''' is the name given to a railway line in the north of England running from [[York railway station|York]] to [[Sheffield railway station|Sheffield]] via [[Pontefract Baghill railway station|Pontefract Baghill]] and [[Moorthorpe railway station|Moorthorpe]]. The route was built over several years and consists of lines built by several railway companies.

==History==
The northernmost section of the route was opened in stages by the fledgling [[York and North Midland Railway]] (Y&NM), a company which belonged to the railway empire of [[George Hudson]].((sfn|Hoole|1986|p=30)) York to Sherburn Junction was completed in 1839 to form a link with the [[Leeds and Selby Railway]], which was later taken over by the Y&NM. This section includes [[Ulleskelf railway station|Ulleskelf]], [[Church Fenton railway station|Church Fenton]] and [[Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station|Sherburn-in-Elmet]] stations, as well as the former station sites at [[Copmanthorpe railway station|Copmanthorpe]] (closed 1959) and [[Bolton Percy railway station|Bolton Percy]] (closed 1965).((sfn|Hoole|1985|pp=154, 159))

Y&NM extended the line to Altofts Junction in 1840 to meet the new [[North Midland Railway]] as part of a new route from York to [[London St Pancras railway station|London St Pancras]] via [[Normanton railway station|Normanton]], [[Swinton (South Yorkshire) railway station|Swinton]], [[Chesterfield railway station|Chesterfield]] and [[Derby railway station|Derby]].((sfn|Cookson|Chapman|2003|p=4)) Stations on this section were [[Milford Junction railway station|Milford]] (closed 1904), [[Monk Fryston railway station|Monk Fryston]] (closed 1959) and [[Burton Salmon railway station|Burton Salmon]] (also closed in 1959), where the present route diverges.<ref>((cite book |last1=Chapman |first1=Stephen |title=Selby & Goole |date=2002 |publisher=Bellcode Books |location=Todmorden |isbn=1-871233-14-3 |pages=46, 47))</ref> The next section, from Burton Salmon to [[Ferrybridge railway station|Ferrybridge]], was completed in 1850 to form a link between York and [[Knottingley railway station|Knottingley]]; Ferrybridge station closed in 1965.((sfn|Cookson|Chapman|2003|p=56))

From Ferrybridge, the route takes up the course of the [[Swinton and Knottingley Joint Railway]], constructed in 1879.<ref>((cite book |last1=Grant |first1=Donald J. |title=Directory of the railway companies of Great Britain |date=2017 |publisher=Troubadour |location=Kibworth Beauchamp |isbn=1788037685 |page=551))</ref> The first station encountered is [[Pontefract Baghill railway station|Pontefract Baghill]], which remains open today, before the line reaches a closed station at [[Ackworth railway station|Ackworth]] (last served in 1951),<ref>((cite book |last1=Burgess |first1=Neil |title=The lost railways of Yorkshire's West Riding. The central section : Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, Leeds, Wakefield |date=2014 |publisher=Stenlake |location=Catrine |isbn=9781840336573 |page=84))</ref> then the station at [[Moorthorpe railway station|Moorthorpe]].<ref>((cite book |last1=Kelman |first1=Leanne |editor1-last=Brailsford |editor1-first=Martyn |title=Railway track diagrams, books 2 - eastern |date=2020 |publisher=Trackmaps |location=Frome |isbn=978-1-9996271-3-3 |edition=5|at=35A))</ref> The small hamlet of [[Frickley railway station|Frickley]] saw its station close in 1953, but two new stations at [[Thurnscoe railway station|Thurnscoe]] and [[Goldthorpe railway station|Goldthorpe]] were opened in 1986.<ref>((cite book |last1=Batty |first1=Stephen R. |title=Doncaster. |date=1991 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton |isbn=0-7110-2004-3 |page=133))</ref> These are primarily served by [[Wakefield Line]] trains; the two Dearne Valley line trains a day pass through without stopping. Finally, the S&KJR's [[Bolton-on-Dearne railway station|Bolton-on-Dearne]] station has remained open throughout.

Beyond Bolton-on-Dearne the line joins the North Midland's route to the south, opened in 1840 and serving Swinton, a new station here replacing that closed in 1967 and [[Kilnhurst West railway station|Kilnhurst West]] (also closed in 1967).<ref>((cite book |last1=Burgess |first1=Neil |title=The lost railways of Yorkshire's West Riding : Barnsley, Doncaster, Sheffield and the south |date=2014 |publisher=Stenlake |location=Catrine, Ayrshire |isbn=9781840336566 |page=46))</ref>

At Aldwarke Junction the route diverges from the North Midland via a junction constructed by [[British Rail]] and opened in 1965. Here it joins the former [[Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway]] line, part of a link between two branch lines opened many years earlier by the South Yorkshire Railway. This section once had stations at [[Parkgate and Aldwarke railway station|Parkgate and Aldwarke]] (closed 1951) and at [[Rotherham Road railway station|Rotherham Road]] (closed 1953), before reaching the former [[Rotherham Central railway station|Rotherham Central]] re-opened, slightly nearer the College Road bridge, in 1987 by British Rail. Leaving Rotherham Central we take the "Holmes Chord", a single line to Holmes Junction where we take to the rails of the [[Sheffield & Rotherham Railway|Sheffield & Rotherham]] company, which opened its line in 1838 and which once served [[Holmes railway station|Holmes]] (closed in 1955), [[Meadowhall Interchange|Meadowhall]] (a new station opened in 1991), [[Wincobank railway station|Wincobank]] (closed 1956), [[Brightside railway station|Brightside]] (closed 1994) and [[Attercliffe Road railway station|Attercliffe Road]] (closed 1994), before arriving at [[Sheffield Midland station|Sheffield]]. The section between Holmes Junction, adjacent to the station and Grimesthorpe Junction is the oldest section of the route.

=== Electrification ===
Electrification of the section between Colton junction and Church Fenton is underway. Two bridges were raised to create room for overhead wires in April 2015.<ref>((Cite web|date=2015-04-17|title=Bridge replacements works mark the start of the Trans Pennine electrification project - VolkerRail|url=https://www.volkerrail.co.uk/en/news/detail/bridge-replacements-works-mark-the-start-of-the-trans-pennine-electrification-project|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-04|website=VolkerRail|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708013847/http://www.volkerrail.co.uk:80/en/news/detail/bridge-replacements-works-mark-the-start-of-the-trans-pennine-electrification-project |archive-date=8 July 2015 ))</ref> This work is due to be complete by 2023.<ref>((Cite web|date=2020-02-13|title=Find out about work to improve the railway in Church Fenton and Ulleskelf|url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2020/02/find-out-about-work-to-improve-the-railway-in-church-fenton-and-ulleskelf.html|access-date=2021-04-04|website=RailAdvent|language=en-GB))</ref>

==Current services==
Services which operate over the entire length of the route are provided by [[Northern Trains]]. Freight trains also regularly use the route.

Northern services, usually make just three round trips daily, from [[Sheffield railway station|Sheffield]] to [[York railway station|York]] calling at [[Meadowhall Interchange]], [[Rotherham Central railway station|Rotherham Central]], [[Swinton railway station (South Yorkshire)|Swinton]], [[Moorthorpe railway station|Moorthorpe]], [[Pontefract Baghill railway station|Pontefract Baghill]], [[Sherburn-in-Elmet railway station|Sherburn-in-Elmet]], [[Church Fenton railway station|Church Fenton]] and [[Ulleskelf railway station|Ulleskelf]]. However, the summer 2022 timetable has buses replacing trains, and the services only operating between Moorthorpe and York.<ref>((NRtimes|May 2022|30))</ref> Several lines across Yorkshire had their services either cut, or replaced by buses, with Northern attributing the problem to a lack of drivers and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.<ref>((cite news |last1=Spereall |first1=David |title='If we were in leafy Harrogate this wouldn't be happening': Five Towns fury over axed train services |url=https://www.wakefieldexpress.co.uk/news/transport/pontefract-and-five-towns-fury-as-northern-cuts-train-services-3536301 |access-date=13 June 2022 |work=Wakefield Express |date=21 January 2022))</ref> This service was more frequent in the 1970s and 1980s (e.g. the 1988 timetable had seven trains per day in each direction Mon-Sat, including a summer only through service to and from ((stnlnk|Scarborough)), and four each way on Sundays), but since a major round of cutbacks in 1991 (due to a shortage of rolling stock) the service frequency has gradually declined.

The northern part of the route as far as Colton Junction is used by all [[Edinburgh Waverley railway station|Edinburgh]] to [[London King's Cross railway station|London King's Cross]] expresses, as well as the numerous [[CrossCountry]], [[TransPennine Express]] and Northern York to [[Leeds railway station|Leeds]] workings which continue as far as Church Fenton. Sherburn-in-Elmet is served by some York–[[Selby railway station|Selby]]/[[Hull Paragon Interchange|Hull]] trains which diverge from the route at Sherburn South Junction, but beyond this point the only passenger trains are the infrequent Sheffield–York local services, until Moorthorpe is reached.

Overall, the effect of this is that there are only three departures in each direction from Pontefract Baghill per day, although there are two other stations in Pontefract (((stnlnk|Pontefract Monkhill)) and [[Pontefract Tanshelf railway station|Tanshelf]]). The line is however a busy freight artery (particularly with bulk loads of imported coal for the power stations at [[Ferrybridge power stations|Ferrybridge]], [[Eggborough power station|Eggbrough]] and [[Drax power station|Drax]] and also further afield in the East Midlands) and also a useful diversionary route, which ensures its continuing survival.

In 2017, the section through Rotherham Central was adapted for use by [[Sheffield Supertram]], the light rail network that operates within [[Sheffield]]. Supertram is operating a [[Pilot experiment|pilot]] [[tram-train]] service over the route, testing the feasibility of such an operation. This is initially intended to run for two years, with an extension of the operation should it prove successful. It involved the construction of a new chord between the National Rail line and Supertram's own network, with a tram platform built at ((stnlnk|Rotherham Central)) and a short siding to serve the [[Rotherham Parkgate tram stop]] terminus with the extension electrified. It opened on 25 October 2018.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.thestar.co.uk/news/transport/sheffield-to-rotherham-tram-train-everything-you-need-to-know-1-9393048|title=Sheffield to Rotherham tram-train – Everything you need to know|access-date=16 October 2018))</ref>

==References==
((reflist))
===Sources===
*((cite book |last1=Body |first1=Geoffrey |title=Railways of the Eastern Region |date=1989 |publisher=P. Stephens |location=Wellingborough |isbn=1-85260-072-1))
*((cite book |last1=Cookson |first1=Peter |last2=Chapman|first2=Stephen|title=Pontefract, Castleford & Knottingley |date=2003 |publisher=Bellcode Books |location=Todmorden |isbn=1-871233-15-1))
*((cite book |last1=Hoole |first1=K. |title=Railway stations of the North East |date=1985 |publisher=David & Charles |location=Newton Abbot |isbn=0-7153-8527-5))
*((cite book |last1=Hoole |first1=K. |title=The North East |date=1986 |publisher=David St John Thomas |location=Newton Abbot |isbn=0946537313 |edition=3))<

== Literature ==
*''Rail Atlas: Great Britain & Ireland'', by S. K. Baker
*''The Railways of Great Britain: A Historical Atlas'', by Colonel Michael H. Cobb

((Railway lines in Yorkshire and the Humber))
((West Yorkshire railway stations))

[[Category:Rail transport in North Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Rail transport in South Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Rail transport in West Yorkshire]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Sheffield]]
[[Category:Rail transport in York]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Yorkshire and the Humber]]

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