Dicerorhinus (Greek: "two" (dio), "horn" (keratos), "nose" (rhinos)[1]) is a genus of the family Rhinocerotidae, consisting of a single extant species, the two-horned Sumatran rhinoceros (D. sumatrensis), and several extinct species. The genus likely originated in the Mid to Late Pliocene of Northern Indochina and South China.[2] Many species previously placed in this genus probably belong elsewhere.[3]
Taxonomy
Species provisionally considered valid include:
†Dicerorhinus fusuiensis[4][5] originally described as Rhinocerosfusuiensis[6] Early Pleistocene, South China.
†Dicerorhinus gwebinensis Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein et al., 2008 Known from a skull of Pliocene-Early Pleistocene age found in Myanmar.[7] Some authors have considered the skull not distinguishable from that of D. sumatrensis.[8]
Historically, Dicerorhinus was a wastebasket taxon. Revisions by several authors over the years have removed many species:
^ abcTong, Hao-wen (2012). "Evolution of the non-Coelodonta dicerorhine lineage in China". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 11 (8): 555–562. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2012.06.002.
^Antoine, P.-O.; Reyes, M. C.; Amano, N.; Bautista, A. P.; Chang, C.-H.; Claude, J.; De Vos, J.; Ingicco, T. (2021). "A new rhinoceros clade from the Pleistocene of Asia sheds light on mammal dispersals to the Philippines". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 194 (2): 416–430. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab009.
^Handa, N.; Kohno, N.; Kudo, Y. (2019). "Reappraisal of a middle Pleistocene rhinocerotid (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Matsugae Cave, Fukuoka Prefecture, southwestern Japan". Historical Biology. 33 (4): 218–229. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1604699. S2CID145930245.
^Antoine, P. O. (2003). "Middle Miocene elasmotheriine Rhinocerotidae from China and Mongolia: Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic relationships". Zoologica Scripta. 32 (2): 95–118. doi:10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00106.x. S2CID86800130.
^Deng, T.; Li, S., 2023. Restudy of Rhinocerotini fossils from the Miocene Jiulongkou fauna of China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 61: 198-211 - DOI: 10.19615/j.cnki.2096-9899.230630
