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((short description|Defunct anthroplogic class))
((refimprove|date=April 2014))
[[File:Dinaric Skull type.jpg|thumb|An illustration showing a "Dinaric skull" from [[Hans F. K. Günther]]'s ''Racial Elements of European History'' (1927)]]

The '''Dinaric race''', also known as the '''Adriatic race''', were terms used by certain [[physical anthropology|physical anthropologists]] in the early to mid-20th century<ref name="Maxwell2010">((cite book |author=Anne Maxwell |year=2010 |title=Picture Imperfect: Photography and Eugenics, 1870–1940 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X99qg-eQDKcC |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |isbn=978-1-84519-415-4 ))((Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))</ref><ref>((cite book |author=Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban |year=2006 |title=Race and Racism: An Introduction |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Fx6pzonsCIC&pg=PA132 |publisher=Rowman Altamira|isbn=978-0-7591-0795-3|pages=132–))</ref>((sfn|Coon|1939)) to describe the perceived predominant [[phenotype]] of the contemporary ethnic groups of [[southeast Europe]] (a sub-type of the [[Caucasian race|Caucasoid race]]).

==History and physiognomy==
The concept of a Dinaric race originated with [[Joseph Deniker]] in the late 19th century, but became most closely associated with the writings of [[Carleton S. Coon]] and [[Nazi Eugenics|Nazi eugenicist]] [[Hans F. K. Günther]]. The term was derived from the [[Dinaric Alps]] (the western part of [[Southeastern Europe]]) which was supposed to be the principal habitat of the race.

According to [[Jan Czekanowski]], the Dinaric race is a mixed type consisting of the [[Nordic race]] and [[Mediterranean race]], which he proves by anthropological research involving geographical data, [[cephalic index]], and characteristic [[Race (human classification)|racial features]]. He states:

<blockquote>The Dinaric type is characterized by quite light skin, dark hair from dark brown to dark blonde, and a wide range of eye color; tall stature, a [[cephalic index|brachycephalic]] skull, long face, a very narrow and prominent nose, sometimes aquiline; a slender body type, and very big feet.</blockquote>

Characteristics were defined as very tall, mostly [[Somatotype and constitutional psychology|mesomorph bodily build]], with relatively long legs and short trunk and a long arm span. The overall anatomy of the head was said to be [[brachycephalic]] to hyperbrachycephalic (Cranial index: 81–86), i.e. a combination of high breadth of head and medium length of the [[neurocranium]], whose back part is often somewhat flattened (planoccipital).

The type has been described as follows:((By whom|date=June 2013))

<blockquote>The vertical height of the cranium is high. Eyes are set relatively close and the surrounding tissue defines them as wide open. The iris is most often brown, with a significant percentage of light pigmentation in the Dinaric population. The nose is large, narrow and convex. The [[face]] is long and orthognathic, with a prominent chin, and also wide. The form of the forehead is variable, but not rarely it is bulbous. The [[hair]] color is usually [[brown hair|dark brown]], with [[black hair|black-haired]] and [[blond]] individuals in minority, blondness being the characteristic of the more Central European, morphologically similar [[Noric race]] (a race intermediate between [[Nordic race|Nordic]] and Dinaric races). The skin is lacking the rosy color characteristic for Northern Europe as well as the relatively brunet pigmentation characteristic for the southernmost Europe and on a geographical plane it is of medium pigmentation and often it is variable.</blockquote>

==Origin and distribution==
[[Image:Deniker's Races de l'Europe (1899).jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Joseph Deniker]]'s map of European races (1899) identified "Dinarics" as the dominant group in parts of [[central Europe]], Northern [[Italy]] and the northwestern [[Balkans]].]]

Several theories were advanced regarding the genesis of the Dinaric race. Most researchers agreed that this race was autochthonous to its present habitat from the [[Neolithic]] period. Both Günther and Coon claimed that the [[Beaker culture|Bell-Beaker people]] of the European [[Bronze Age]] were at least partially Dinaric.

Coon also argued, however, in ''The Origin of Races'' (1962), that the Dinaric and some other categories "are not races but simply the visible expressions of the genetic variability of the intermarrying groups to which they belong."

He referred to the creation of this distinctive [[phenotype]] from the mixing of earlier separate groups as "dinaricisation". In his view Dinarics were a specific type that arose from ancient mixes of the [[Mediterranean race]] and [[Alpine race]].

According to the Dinaric model, Dinarics were to be found mainly in the mountainous areas of southeastern Europe: [[Albania]], [[Kosovo]], [[Montenegro]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Croatia]], [[Serbia]], [[Slovenia]], [[Austria]], part of northwestern [[Bulgaria]], and northwestern [[Northern Macedonia]]. Northern and eastern [[Italy]] was considered mostly a Dinaric area as well as western [[Greece]], [[Romania]], [[Moldova]], western [[Ukraine]], southeastern [[German language|German]]-speaking areas, and parts of southeastern [[France]].((citation needed|date=September 2012))

=="Noric" subtype==
The '''Noric race''' (((lang-de|Norische Rasse))) was a racial category proposed by the anthropologist Victor Lebzelter. The "Noric race" was supposed to be a sub-type of the Dinaric race more [[Nordic Race|Nordic]] in appearance than standard Dinaric peoples.<ref>[http://dienekes.110mb.com/texts/biasutticaucasoid/ Renato Biasutti on Caucasoid Subraces] ((webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511091339/http://dienekes.110mb.com/texts/biasutticaucasoid/ |date=May 11, 2012))</ref> The term derived from [[Noricum]], a province of the [[Roman Empire]] roughly equivalent to southern [[Austria]] and northern [[Slovenia]]. The term is not to be confused with ''[[Nordic race|Nordic]]''.

Norics were characterized by tall stature, [[brachycephaly]], nasal convexity, long [[face]] and broad forehead. Their complexion was said to be light, and blondness combined with light eyes to be their anthropologic characteristic.<ref>((cite book|last1=Lynn|first1=R.|title=Personality and National Character: International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=9781483186771|page=162|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JJhGBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA162|language=en))</ref>

== Citations ==
((reflist))

== Cited sources ==
* ((cite book |last=Coon |first=Carleton Stevens |author-link=Carleton S. Coon |year=1939 |title=The Races of Europe |url=http://www.theapricity.com/snpa/racesofeurope.htm))

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060612055642/http://med1nuc11.dfc.unifi.it/linnets/troe/texts/index.htm Examples of Dinarics (plates 35–43)] from [[Carleton S. Coon|Coon]]'s ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20060615030503/http://med1nuc11.dfc.unifi.it/linnets/coon/troe/racesofeurope.htm The Races of Europe]''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120511091339/http://dienekes.110mb.com/texts/biasutticaucasoid/ Renato Biasutti on Caucasoid Subraces] preserved at the [[Internet Archive]]

((Historical definitions of race))

((DEFAULTSORT:Dinaric Race))
[[Category:Historical definitions of race]]
[[Category:History of the Balkans]]

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