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((Distinguish|Film format))
((refimprove|date=February 2023))
((short description|Type of text or binary file format))
A '''document file format''' is a [[Text file|text]] or [[binary file]] format for storing [[document]]s on a [[computer storage|storage media]], especially for use by [[computer]]s.
There currently exist a multitude of incompatible document file formats.

Examples of [[XML]]-based [[open format|open]] standards are [[DocBook]], [[XHTML]], and, more recently, the [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] standards [[OpenDocument]] (ISO 26300:2006) and [[Office Open XML]] (ISO 29500:2008).

In 1993, the [[ITU-T]] tried to establish a standard for document file formats, known as the [[Open Document Architecture]] (ODA) which was supposed to replace all competing document file formats. It is described in ITU-T documents T.411 through T.421, which are equivalent to ISO 8613. It did not succeed.

[[Page description language]]s such as [[PostScript]] and [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] have become the ''[[de facto]]'' standard for documents that a typical user should only be able to create and read, not edit. In 2001, a series of [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] standards for PDF began to be published, including the specification for PDF itself, [[ISO 32000|ISO-32000]].

[[HTML]] is the most used and open international standard and it is also used as document file format. It has also become [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] standard (ISO 15445:2000).

The default binary file format used by [[Microsoft Word]] ([[DOC (computing)|.doc]]) has become widespread ''[[de facto]]'' standard for office documents, but it is a [[proprietary format]] and is not always fully supported by other word processors.

==Common document file formats==
* [[ASCII]], [[UTF-8]] — [[plain text]] formats
* [[Amigaguide]]
* [[DOC (computing)|.doc]] for [[Microsoft Word]] — Structural binary format developed by Microsoft (specifications available since 2008 under the [[Microsoft Open Specification Promise|Open Specification Promise]])<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.microsoft.com/interop/docs/OfficeBinaryFormats.mspx |title=Microsoft Office Binary (doc, xls, ppt) File Formats |website=[[Microsoft]] |date=2008-02-15 |access-date=2010-03-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090308012827/http://www.microsoft.com/interop/docs/OfficeBinaryFormats.mspx |archive-date=2009-03-08 ))</ref><ref>((cite web |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc313153.aspx |title=MS-DOC - Word Binary File Format (.doc) Structure Specification |author=Microsoft Corporation |date=2010-07-23 |access-date=2010-08-08))</ref>
* [[DjVu]] — file format designed primarily to store scanned documents<ref name="DjVu">((cite web|url=http://djvu.org/resources/whatisdjvu.php|title=What is DjVu - DjVu.org|work=DjVu.org|access-date=2009-03-05|archive-date=2019-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121142932/http://www.djvu.org/resources/whatisdjvu.php|url-status=dead))</ref>
* [[DocBook]] — an XML format for technical documentation
* [[HTML]] (.html, .htm), (open standard, ISO from 2000), in combination with possible [[image file]]s referred to.
* [[FictionBook]] (.fb2) — open XML-based e-book format
* [[Markdown]] (.md) — markup language for creating formatted text using plain text
* [[Office Open XML]] — .docx (XML-based standard for office documents)
* [[OpenDocument]] — .odt (XML-based standard for office documents)
* [[OpenOffice.org XML]] — .sxw (open, XML-based format for office documents)
* [[Open XML Paper Specification|OXPS]] — Open XML Paper Specification (Windows 8.1 and above, older version is XPS used in Windows 7)
* [[PDB (Palm OS)|PalmDoc]] — [[Personal digital assistant|handheld]] document format
* .pages for [[Pages (iWork)|Pages]]
* [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] — Open standard for document exchange. ISO standards include [[PDF/X]] (eXchange), [[PDF/A]] (Archive), [[PDF/E]] (Engineering), [[ISO 32000]] (PDF), [[PDF/UA]] (Accessibility) and [[PDF/VT]] (Variable data and transactional printing). PDF is readable on almost every platform with free or open source readers. Open source PDF creators are also available.
* [[PostScript]] —  .ps
* [[Rich Text Format|Rich Text Format (RTF)]] — meta data format being developed by Microsoft since 1987 for Microsoft products and [[cross-platform]] document interchange<ref name="rtf16">((cite web |url=http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa140280(office.10).aspx |title=Rich Text Format (RTF) Specification, version 1.6 |author=Microsoft Corporation |date=May 1999 |access-date=2010-03-13))</ref><ref name="e-gov-uk">((cite web|url=http://archive.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/e-government/resources/handbook/html/4-3.asp |title=4.3 Non-HTML file formats |publisher=e-Government Unit |date=May 2002 |access-date=2010-03-13 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218033318/http://archive.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/e-government/resources/handbook/html/4-3.asp |archive-date=February 18, 2010 ))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=http://reference.wolfram.com/mathematica/ref/format/RTF.html|title=RTF (.rtf)—Wolfram Language Documentation|website=reference.wolfram.com))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/86999|title=WD: Rich Text Format (RTF) Specification 1.7|website=support.microsoft.com))</ref><ref>((cite book
| title = Principles of Multimedia
| publisher = Tata McGraw-Hill
| author = Ranjan Parekh, Ranjan
| page = 87
| year = 2006
| isbn = 0-07-058833-3))</ref>
* [[SYmbolic LinK (SYLK)]]
* [[Scalable Vector Graphics]] (SVG) - Graphics format primarily for vector-based images.
* [[TeX]] — Open-source typesetting program and format. First successful mathematical notation language.
* [[Text Encoding Initiative|TEI]] — XML format for digital publication
* [[Troff]]
* [[Uniform Office Format]] — Chinese standard
* [[WordPerfect]] (.wpd, .wp, .wp7, .doc) (Note: possible confusion with Word format extension)

==See also==
*[[List of document file formats]]
*[[List of document markup languages]]
*[[Comparison of document markup languages]]
*[[Open format]] 
*[[Word Processor]]
* [[Desktop Publishing]]
* [[LaTeX]]

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*[https://ssrn.com/abstract=1201708 Lost in Translation: Interoperability Issues for Open Standards - ODF and OOXML as Examples]

((Office document file formats))

[[Category:Computer file formats]]

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