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((Short description|Concept in Latin grammar))
((More citations needed|date=January 2021))
<!-- It wouldn't be a bad idea to merge this into [[dative case]] except that the discussion of Latin datives there is currently much too abbreviated to accommodate this discussion. -->
In [[Latin grammar]], a '''double dative''' is the combination of a [[dative of reference]] with a [[dative of purpose]]. A common translation is "As a (dative of purpose) with reference to (dative of reference)." This was formerly known as "predicate dative" or "dative of service", with usually the following characteristics of the noun in the dative of purpose:
# the noun is abstract or semi-abstract;
# this noun is only in the singular;
# this noun is used predicatively;
# there is usually no verb but a form of ''esse'' is often understood;
# this noun is rarely qualified by an adjective unless one like ''magnus'';
# the noun is rarely qualified by a genitive.
According to a standard 1893 grammar, only a few nouns are used in this construction which appears to be "governed by custom, not by any principle".<ref>((cite book | last = Allen | first = J.H. | author2=J.B. Greenough |author3=G.L. Kittredge | title = Allen and Greenough's Latin grammar for schools and colleges: Founded on comparative grammar | publisher = Ginn and Co. | year = 1893 |
pages = 229–230))</ref>

In an example from [[Julius Caesar|Caesar]] (''Gallic War'' 7.50): ''suis saluti fuit'', "he was the salvation of his men", the dative of an abstract noun (''salus'' "salvation") expresses purpose while the dative of reference expresses the person or thing affected (''suus'', pl. ''sui'' "his [men]").

The best known example is "[[Cui bono]]?" This phrase, taken from [[Cicero]], is usually rendered in English as something like, "Who benefits?", or more literally "To whose advantage?"  The double dative construction sounds unnatural if translated literally, "to whom for an advantage", and is better rendered as "to whom as an advantage".

==See also==
* [[Dative case]]

==References==
((Reflist))

((DEFAULTSORT:Double Dative))
[[Category:Grammar]]
[[Category:Latin grammar]]


((Syntax-stub))
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