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German-Hungarian War (1044)
In the corner of the picture is a depiction of the killing of Samuel Aba (Chronicon Pictum)
Date 1044 Location Kingdom of Hungary Result German victory Death of Samuel Aba Peter Orseolo becomes King of Hungary
Belligerents
Holy Roman Empire	Kingdom of Hungary
Commanders and leaders
Henry III	Samuel Aba  †

The German-Hungarian War of 1044 was a political-military conflict between the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary.

Background

Peter Orseolo, who had been deposed by Samuel Aba in 1041, returned with the assistance of Emperor Henry III, and invaded Hungary in June 1044. His force was small and the Hungarian army of Samuel Aba was large. However, there was disaffection in the Hungarian ranks and the army quickly fell apart in the face of the German cavalry. Samuel Aba fled the field, but was captured and killed. Peter Orseolo was reinstalled as king at Székesfehérvár and did homage for his kingdom to Henry III. The leading magnates and the less important nobles all came to Henry to make oaths of fidelity and vassalage. Hungary was made a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire, though it was not to remain so for long.

Sources

• Gwatkin, H. M., Whitney, J. P. (ed) et al. The Cambridge Medieval History: Volume III. Cambridge University Press, 1926.
• Herman of Reichenau: Chronicle. In: Eleventh-Century Germany: The Swabian Chronicles (selected sources translated and annotated with an introduction by I. S. Robinson) (2008); Manchester University Press; ISBN 978-0-7190-7734-0.
• The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle: Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Edited by Dezső Dercsényi) (1970). Corvina, Taplinger Publishing. ISBN 0-8008-4015-1.
• North, William (2006). "Henry III". In Emmerson, Richard K.; Clayton-Emmerson, Sandra (eds.). Key Figures in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge.
• Norwich, John Julius. The Normans in the South 1016–1130. Longmans: London, 1967.
• Ryley, Caroline M. (1964). "The Emperor Henry III". In Gwatkin, H. M.; Whitney, J. P. (eds.). The Cambridge Medieval History:Germany and the Western Empire. Vol. III. Cambridge University Press.
• Schutz, Herbert (2010). The Medieval Empire in Central Europe: Dynastic Continuity in the Post-Carolingian Frankish Realm, 900–1300. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1443819664.
• Weinfurter, Stefan (1999). The Salian Century: Main Currents in an Age of Transition. The Middle Ages. Translated by Bowlus, Barbara M. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0812235088.
• Whitney, J. P. (1968). "The Reform of the Church". In Tanner, J. R.; Previté-Orton, C. W.; Brooke, Z. N. (eds.). The Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. V. Cambridge University Press.
• Wolfram, Herwig (2006). Conrad II, 990–1039: Emperor of Three Kingdoms. Translated by Kaiser, Denise A. The Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 027102738X.