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((Short description|Abbey in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK))
((Use dmy dates|date=November 2019))
((more citations needed|date=February 2023))
((Infobox monastery
|name= Dundrennan Abbey
|image= Dundrennan Abbey 2012 (1).jpg
|order= [[Cistercian]]
|founder= [[Fergus of Galloway]]
|established= 1142
|mother= [[Rievaulx Abbey]]
|disestablished=  1606
|diocese= [[Diocese of Galloway]]
|churches= Kirkmabreck; Rerrick (Dundrennan)
|people= [[Thomas Livingston]]
))
[[File:Scotland - Dundrennan Abbey - 20140526145845.jpg|alt=Dundrennan Abbey|right|thumb|Dundrennan Abbey]]
'''Dundrennan Abbey''', in [[Dundrennan]], [[Scotland]], near to [[Kirkcudbright]], was a [[Cistercian]] monastery in the Romanesque architectural style, established in 1142 by [[Fergus of Galloway]], King [[David I of Scotland]] (1124–53), and monks from [[Rievaulx Abbey]]. Though extensively ruined (the transepts are the main surviving parts), Dundrennan is noted for the purity and restraint of its architecture, reflecting the austere Cistercian ideal.  It is also built from very hard-weathering grey sandstone, so the original architectural forms and mouldings are well preserved.

[[Mary, Queen of Scots]], after the [[Battle of Langside]], spent her final night in Scotland here, in 1568.  From neighbouring [[Port Mary]], she crossed the [[Solway Firth]] to [[Workington]],  and shortly after was imprisoned by the [[England|English]].

In 1587, following the [[Scottish Reformation]], the land passed to the Crown. The site fell into ruin after it was subsequently used to house livestock. [[Historic Environment Scotland]] maintains the site today as a [[scheduled monument]].<ref>((Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM90114|desc=Dundrennan Abbey|access-date=19 December 2018))</ref>

==History==
[[File:Dundrennan Abbey - abbot.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|Abbot's Monument]]
In the mid 12th century, [[Fergus of Galloway]] resurrected the Bishopric of [[Whithorn]], an ancient Galwegian [[Episcopal see|See]] first established by the expansionary [[Northumbrians]] under the jurisdiction of the [[Archbishop of York]]. The last [[Bishop of Whithorn]], [[Beadwulf]], had been noted in c. 803.  Thereafter nothing is heard; and it is likely the Bishopric disappeared with Northumbrian power, a decline marked by the sack and subsequent occupation of [[York]] by the [[Vikings|Danes]] in 867.  In the following two and a half centuries, Galloway, if and where jurisdiction actually existed, seems to have been under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Man in the west, with Durham and Glasgow in the east.

Moves to resurrect the See were initiated on 9 December 1125, when [[Pope Honorius II]] wrote to the Bishop-elect of Whithorn, ordering him to appear before the Archbishop of York.<ref>((cite book |year=1908 |editor1-last=Anderson |editor1-first=AO |editor1-link=Alan Orr Anderson |title=Scottish Annals From English Chroniclers, A.D. 500 to 1286 |url=https://archive.org/details/scottishannalsfr00andeuoft |publisher=[[David Nutt (publisher)|David Nutt]] |location=London |ol=7115802M |page=159)) ''Pope Honorius to the Bishop-Elect of Whithorn''</ref> The would-be Bishop was a cleric called [[Gille Aldan of Whithorn|Gille Aldan]], and the Archbishop was [[Thurstan]]. York had been coming under increasing pressure from the ambitions of [[Archbishop of Canterbury|Canterbury]], and the northern English metropolitan had only two suffragans ([[Bishop of Durham|Durham]] and [[Bishop of Sodor and Man|Man]]). He needed three in fact to hold proper Archiepiscopal elections. It is likely that York and Fergus did a deal. The involvement of King [[David I of Scotland|David I]] can be discounted on the grounds of his anti-York policies, and his total inclination to appoint English or French clerics, and not Gaelic ones like Gille Aldan. The deal ensured the Galwegian church would not undermine Fergus’ independence of both Man or Scotland, and secured an identity for the new kingdom in the framework of northern Britain and the Isles.

== Archaeology ==
During the 1990s Historic Scotland (now [[Historic Environment Scotland]]) funded excavations of the south-east corner of the Cistercian abbey cloister. The excavations found elements of a warming house, a novice's day room, a great drain and a latrine block undercroft. These excavations and a programme of geophysical survey and test-trenching uncovered the building sequence of the abbey:<ref>((Cite web|title=Vol 1 (2001): Dundrennan Abbey: archaeological investigation within the south range of a Cistercian house in Kirkcudbrightshire (Dumfries & Galloway), Scotland ((!)) Scottish Archaeological Internet Reports|url=http://journals.socantscot.org/index.php/sair/issue/view/9|access-date=2021-07-24|website=journals.socantscot.org))</ref>

* Period I:c1170–1230
* Period II:c1230–1320
* Period III:c1320–1450
* Period IV:c1450–1520
* Period V:c1520–1600

== Burials ==
*[[Alan of Galloway]]

==See also==
* [[Abbot of Dundrennan]]
* [[Scheduled monuments in Dumfries and Galloway]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((Historic Environment Scotland|num=SM90114|desc=Dundrennan Abbey))
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05191b.htm Abbey of Dundrennan] from the [[Catholic Encyclopedia]]
*[http://www.kirkyards.co.uk/rerrick/abbey.asp Transcriptions and photographs of Gravestones in Dundrennan Abbey Grounds]

((commons category))
((Scottish Cistercian Houses))
((coord|54|48|24|N|3|56|52|W|display=title))

[[Category:Listed monasteries in Scotland]]
[[Category:Cistercian monasteries in Scotland]]
[[Category:History of Galloway]]
[[Category:1142 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in the 1140s]]
[[Category:Listed churches in Scotland]]
[[Category:Christian monasteries established in the 12th century]]
[[Category:1606 disestablishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:Romanesque architecture in Scotland]]
[[Category:Historic Scotland properties in Dumfries and Galloway]]
[[Category:Ruined abbeys and monasteries]]
[[Category:Ruins in Dumfries and Galloway]]
[[Category:Religious organizations disestablished in the 17th century]]
[[Category:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Dumfries and Galloway]]
[[Category:Former Christian monasteries in Scotland]]

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