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((Short description|Streamlined diesel locomotive))
((More citations needed|date=December 2009))
((Use mdy dates|date=May 2020))
((Infobox locomotive
| name = EMD LWT12
| powertype = Diesel-electric
| image = Aerotrain 1950's stylin'.jpg
| imagesize = 250
| caption = A preserved EMD LWT12 at the [[National Museum of Transportation]] in [[St. Louis, Missouri]]
| designer = [[Chuck Jordan (automobile designer)|Chuck Jordan]]
| builder = [[General Motors Corporation|General Motors]]<br />[[Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Division (EMD)]]
| serialnumber =
| buildmodel = LWT12
| builddate = 1955
| totalproduction = 3
| whytetype =
| aarwheels = B-1
| uicclass =
| gauge = ((Track gauge|56.5in|allk=on))
| trucks =
| bogies =
| leadingdiameter =
| driverdiameter =
| wheeldiameter =
| trailingdiameter =
| wheelbase =
| length =
| width =
| height =
| frametype =
| axleload =
| weightondrivers =
| locoweight=
| fueltype =
| fuelcap =
| consumption =
| watercons =
| primemover = [[EMD 567|EMD 12-567C]]
| enginetype =
| aspiration =
| displacement =
| alternator =
| generator =
| tractionmotors =
| cylindercount = 12
| cylindersize =
| transmission = [[Diesel-electric transmission|Diesel-electric]]
| maxspeed =
| poweroutput = ((convert|1200|hp|kW|abbr=on|lk=on))
| tractiveeffort =
| factorofadhesion =
| locobrakes = [[Railway air brake|straight air]]
| trainbrakes = [[Railway air brake|air]]
| safety = [[air-actuated]] [[Train bell|bell]]<!-- Merits its own article -->, [[Train horn|air horn]]
| operator = [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]], [[Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad]], [[New York Central Railroad]], [[Pennsylvania Railroad]], [[Union Pacific Railroad]]
| operatorclass =
| numinclass =
| fleetnumbers =
| officialname =
| nicknames =
| locale = [[North America]]
| deliverydate =
| firstrundate =
| lastrundate =
| retiredate =
| restoredate =
| scrapdate =
| currentowner =
| disposition = Two are preserved in museums
))

The '''EMD LWT12''' was a [[Diesel locomotive#Diesel-electric|diesel–electric]] [[power car]] that was built in 1955 by [[Electro-Motive Diesel|General Motors Electro-Motive Division]] (EMD), to pull a lightweight passenger [[trainset]]. The [[General Motors|General Motors Company]] developed both components under the project name, ''Train Y'', but later marketed them as the ''[[Aerotrain (GM)|Aerotrain]]''. Diesel power was provided by an [[EMD 567C]] 12-[[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]] engine, which produced ((convert|1200|hp|kW|abbr=on|lk=in)).<ref name=Bradley>(1) ((cite book|first=William H.|last=Bradley|date=May 24, 2014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71ZUCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT577|title=LWT12|work=DCC Dictionary 1.0|location=[[Morrisville, North Carolina]]|publisher=[[Lulu.com|Lulu Press]]|isbn=978-1304905741|access-date=May 15, 2020|via=[[Google Books]]))((Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))<br />(2) ((cite web|first=Jean-Denis|last=Bachand|date=February 15, 2008|url=https://www.thedieselshop.us/Data%20EMD%20LWT-12.HTML|title=EMD LWT-12|work=thedieselshop.us|access-date=May 15, 2020|archive-date=May 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515171050/https://www.thedieselshop.us/Data%20EMD%20LWT-12.HTML|url-status=dead)).</ref> Two other GM Diesel engines provided current for train-heating, lighting and air-conditioning.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.rrpicturearchives.net/archiveThumbs.aspx?id=121555|title=Viewing Album: PRR: "Birth Of A New Train" ~ July 1955 - Railroad Picture Archives.NET|website=www.rrpicturearchives.net|access-date=2020-01-12))</ref><ref>((Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z94DAAAAMBAJ|title=Popular Mechanics|last=Magazines|first=Hearst|date=September 1955|publisher=Hearst Magazines|pages=85|language=en))</ref>

The LWT12 was underpowered, especially on grades, and the Santa Fe and Union Pacific Railroads were required to supply a "helper" unit to assist them in service.  The LWT12 was essentially an [[EMD SW1200]] [[switcher]] locomotive, suitably geared for high-speed passenger service (83&nbsp;mph) and wrapped in a distinctive aerodynamic shell.  Its industrial styling was inspired by the hoods and grills of futuristic automobiles then on GM's drawing boards.

Originally, the EMD LWT12 was intended to be part of an inseparable set along with ten specially designed high-speed, low-cost, ((convert|40|ft|2|adj=on)) passenger cars. These cars were built from bus bodies sourced from GM's GMC division which were then widened by ((convert|18|in|mm|0)), had their front and rear modified and were attached to a generic undercarriage.

The advantages of this design were that instead of refurbishing the whole carriage, the body mounted on the undercarriage would be [[scrap]]ped in whole and a complete new modified bus body would be installed in its place with all of the different technical advances that had been developed, essentially resulting in a completely new car for a fraction of the cost. Also, all parts used by these carriages were sourced internally by GM and were also used in other products.

All of this meant that initial outlay, as well as maintenance costs, were significantly lower than traditional passenger cars resulting in a situation where railroad companies could offer rail fares similar to bus fares of the time.<ref>((cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z94DAAAAMBAJ | title=Popular Mechanics | date=September 1955 | publisher=Hearst Magazines ))</ref> This design, as well as the EMD LWT12 were the cover feature article of the September 1955 ''[[Popular Mechanics ]]'' magazine. Two of these whole train sets were built for the purpose of being driven across the United States for public viewing.<ref>((cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z94DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA83 | title=Popular Mechanics | date=September 1955 | publisher=Hearst Magazines ))</ref>

Only three LWT12 units were built. The first, EMD serial number 20826, entered service on the [[Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad]] (the Rock Island line) the ''Jet Rocket'' train between [[Chicago]] and [[Peoria, Illinois|Peoria]]. The unit later became the Rock Island's locomotive number 1.<ref name="Jet Rocket">((cite web|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/76677346@N04/30463037750|title=EMD LWT12 locomotive No. 1 (serial number 20826) pulling the Jet Rocket on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad|format=photograph|date=c. 1956|access-date=May 4, 2020|via=[[Flickr]]|archive-date=May 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200504041309/https://www.flickr.com/photos/76677346@N04/30463037750|url-status=dead))</ref><ref name=Bradley2>(1) ((cite book|first=William H.|last=Bradley|date=May 24, 2014|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=71ZUCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT578|title=LWT12|work=DCC Dictionary 1.0|location=[[Morrisville, North Carolina]]|publisher=[[Lulu.com|Lulu Press]]|isbn=978-1304905741|access-date=May 15, 2020|via=[[Google Books]]|quote=Only three LWT units were built. First one, EMD serial number 20826, entered service with the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad to pull the "Talgo Jet Rocket" train between Chicago and Peoria. Second and third units, EMD serial numbers 21463 and 21464, became integrated into the Aerotrain. Two of the three LWT12 locomotives are now in the care of museums.))((Dead link|date=February 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))<br />(2) ((cite book|first=Louis A.|last=Marre|year=1982|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=udxSAAAAMAAJ&q=%22JAN+56%22|title=Rock Island diesel locomotives, 1930-1980|page=20|oclc=565027875|isbn=0942192001|lccn=82003744|location=Cincinnati, Ohio|publisher=Railfax|access-date=May 15, 2020|via=[[Google Books]]))</ref> The [[American Car and Foundry Company]] constructed the train's [[Talgo#Talgo II|Talgo II]] coaches.

The Rock Island preferred the single-axle Talgo cars over the double-axle GM bus-body coaches being built for the ''Aerotrain''.  But they were also drawn to the futuristic styling of GM's locomotive, over the more traditional look of the [[FM P-12-42|Fairbanks-Morse unit]] selected by ACF to pull the Talgo cars, so the railroad mated the two to form a unique lightweight consist of its own.

The second and third GM diesels, EMD serial numbers 21463 and 21464, powered the two GM ''Aerotrain'' demonstrators that toured the country in 1955, before being leased to four railroads for revenue service testing in 1956–57.<ref name=Bradley2/> All of the roads rejected the ''Aerotrain'', and the two GM demonstrators were eventually sold at great discount to the Rock Island Line, where they joined the ''Jet Rocket'' hybrid.<ref name="Jet Rocket"/>  Two of the three LWT12 locomotives continued in commuter service with the ''Aerotrain'' coaches, until retired in 1965.

The EMD LWT12 locomotives and several passenger cars of the two General Motors ''Aerotrain''s are presently on display within the United States. The [[National Railroad Museum]] in [[Green Bay, Wisconsin]] now exhibits the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad's ''Aerotrain'' locomotive number 2.<ref>((cite web|url=https://nationalrrmuseum.org/exhibits/|title=The General Motors Aerotrain|work=Exhibits|publisher=Museum of Transportation|access-date=May 4, 2020|archive-date=April 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406163503/https://nationalrrmuseum.org/exhibits/|url-status=dead))</ref> The [[National Museum of Transportation]] in [[Kirkwood, Missouri]] (near [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]]) exhibits the Rock Island's ''Aerotrain'' locomotive number 3 and two passenger cars.<ref>((cite web|url=https://tnmot.org/the-collection/|title=1955: Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific "Aerotrain" #3|work=Rail|location=[[St. Louis, Missouri]]|publisher=The National Museum of Transportation|access-date=May 4, 2020))</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of GM-EMD locomotives]]
*[[EMD SW1200]]

==References==
((Reflist|30em))

== External links ==
* Popular Mechanics Magazine (September 1955), [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z94DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA81 Ten buses grow into a train]

((Lightweight Train Locomotives))
((EMD misc))

((DEFAULTSORT:Emd Lwt12))
[[Category:Electro-Motive Division locomotives|LWT12]]
[[Category:B-1 Locomotives]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives]]
[[Category:Diesel-electric locomotives of the United States]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1956]]
[[Category:Streamlined diesel locomotives]]

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