| EMR Camouflage | |
|---|---|
 Most common variant of EMR seen on VKBO suits | |
| Type | Military camouflage pattern |
| Place of origin | Russia |
| Service history | |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | War in Donbas Syrian civil war 2014 Crimean Crisis Russo-Ukraine War |
| Production history | |
| Designer | 15 Central Research Institute, Russian Ministry of Defence |
| Designed | 2008 |
| Manufacturer | AO Voentorg BTK Group |
| Produced | 2008–present |
| Variants |
|
EMR (Russian: Единая маскировочная расцветка (ЕМР)[1], romanized: Edinaya maskirovochnaya rascvetka (EMR)); or Universal Camouflage Colourway in English,[2] is a military camouflage pattern in use by the Russian Armed Forces. It is sometimes referred to by the unofficial nicknames RUSPAT,[3][4] Tetris,[4] Tsifra[5] and Digital Flora.[6] EMR camouflage is the standard camouflage pattern of the Russian Military's VKBO All-Season Uniform.[7][8]
EMR is a single camouflage pattern, developed at 15 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation as a universal pattern. Depending on the color, it can be adapted to a variety of terrain conditions with good camouflage properties. It's used as the main pattern of the Ratnik combat system.[9]
The Armed Forces of Belarus uses it as their standard camouflage. However, it's believed that the Belarusian version of the EMR has a slightly different color scheme.[10]
The EMR has also been adopted by a number of Russian-backed partially-recognised states, militias and paramilitary forces.
The camouflage appeared in 2008[1] after a fundamental decision was made to change Flora. Initially, it was assumed that since "Flora" roughly corresponds to the American Woodland, which in the US Armed Forces was changed to digital camouflages, then the Russian Armed Forces should keep up with this process. Full-scale adoption began in 2011.[11]
The creation of the EMR was heavily influenced by the German Flecktarn camouflage,[12] the developers of which managed to "combine the incompatible": small spots that perform an imitation function are combined in this color scheme so that they form groups of large spots that perform a deforming function.
The developers of EMR followed the same path, taking into account the results of studies that showed the effectiveness of extremely small ("pixel") spots as constituent elements of the texture pattern.[10]
In 2016, Russian troops in Syria were reported to be wearing a desert variant of the EMR.[4]
It was reported in 2017 that Russian soldiers in the National Guard would discontinue using EMR and instead, use Izlom or Moss-based camouflage patterns instead.[13]
The EMR uniform kit is also used for some ceremonial purposes . However, significant variations not covered by the official uniform code exist when used for ceremonial purposes including; white parade gloves, white leather buckled parade belts, white aiguillettes, coloured branch shoulder boards, branch-distinctive lapel badges, pressed-collar buttoned jackets as opposed to the zipper jacket used in the standard uniform kit, berets used as the main headdress as opposed to caps or peaked caps. Occasionally jackboots are issued for foot columns and colour guards wearing EMR.
Other variations, such as office uniforms, by different manufacturers, such as Splav, not covered by the official uniform code are tolerated.
The basic uniform is as follows:
Several variations of this pattern have been produced, they are as follows:
Full-scale adoption began in 2011.[16]
According to TsNIITochMash, the fabric used in EMR is waterproof, flame-proof, tear-resistant and breathable.[2]
It is reported that EMR camouflage fabrics have been made in China due to it being cheap.[17][unreliable source?] Depending on the manufacturer, there may be other EMR pattern variants.[12]
Belarus: Armed Forces of Belarus, with slightly different color scheme.[10][18] They were first seen with paratroopers from the 38th Airmobile Brigade.[19]
Belize: EMR clones adopted by Belize Defense Force in October 2011 to replace their non-digital camouflage uniforms.[20][21]
Russia: Adopted by the Russian Armed Forces[22] to replace Flora camouflage uniforms.[12]
Tajikistan: Used by the Tajik Army.[23]
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