An eddy current separator (ECS) is a machine that uses a powerful magnetic field to separate non-ferrous metals from an input waste or ore stream. The device makes use of eddy currents to effect the separation. Non-ferrous metals typically separated by an ECS include aluminum, copper and die-cast metals.[1]

In waste processing, ECS is used after all ferrous metals have been removed previously by some arrangement of magnets. Eddy current separators are typically used at the end of the waste material stream, since ferrous metals will become heated when exposed to an eddy current field, leading to potential damage to the eddy current separator.[2]

In mining, ECS is sometimes used to separate metals from mined ore.[3]

Technique

The eddy current separator is applied to a conveyor belt carrying a layer of mixed waste. At the end of the conveyor belt is an eddy current rotor.[4] Non-ferrous metals caught in the eddy current end up in a product bin, while other material falls off the belt due to gravity.

Eddy current separators may use a rotating drum with permanent magnets, or may use an electromagnet depending on the type of separator.[4]

History

U.S. patent 3,448,857A for a device using eddy currents to separate non-ferrous metals from non-metals was granted to William Benson and Thomas Falconer of Eriez Magnetics in 1969.[5]

References

  1. ^ "Magnetic Equipment Guide -- Eddy Current Separators". Recycling Today.
  2. ^ Ilyas, Sadia; Kim, Hyunjung; Srivastava, Rajiv Ranjan (2021-03-08). Sustainable Urban Mining of Precious Metals. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-000-35063-0.
  3. ^ Fuerstenau, Maurice C.; Han, Kenneth N. (2003). Principles of Mineral Processing. SME. ISBN 978-0-87335-167-6.
  4. ^ a b Kutz, Myer (2007-03-16). Environmentally Conscious Mechanical Design. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-72636-4.
  5. ^ W.H. Benson et al., U.S. patent 3,448,857A Electrodynamics Separator (1969)

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