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((More citations needed|date=April 2015))
[[Image:Edmund H Sears.jpg|thumb|right]]
'''Edmund Hamilton Sears''' (April 6, 1810 &ndash; January 14, 1876) was an American [[American Unitarian Association|Unitarian]] parish minister and author who wrote a number of theological works influencing 19th-century liberal Protestants. Today, Sears is primarily known as the man who penned the words to "[[It Came Upon the Midnight Clear]]" in 1849. It has been sung to two tunes, one by [[Richard Storrs Willis]] and another adapted by [[Arthur Sullivan]] from a traditional English air.

Sears originally wrote the song as a melancholy reflection on his times while a minister in [[Wayland, Massachusetts]], US. However, "[[It Came Upon the Midnight Clear]]" has since become a popular [[Christmas carol]].

==Biography==
Born on April 6, 1810, the youngest of three sons of Joseph and Lucy (Smith) Sears, Edmund grew up on a farm within sight of the Berkshire Hills, in [[Sandisfield, Massachusetts]].<ref name=duub>[http://uudb.org/articles/edmundhamiltonsears.html Hughes, Peter. "Edmund Hamilton Sears", ''Dictionary of Unitarian and Universalist Biography'', April 24, 2002]</ref> Sears attended [[Union College]], in [[Schenectady, New York]], where he was a member of the [[Delta Phi]] fraternity. Following graduation from Union in 1834, Sears studied law for nine months under a lawyer in Sandisfield. He attended [[Harvard Divinity School]], graduating in 1837 and began to preach as a missionary in [[Toledo, Ohio]], remaining nearly a year. He served the [[Greater Boston]] Unitarian congregation in Wayland, and then a larger congregation in [[Lancaster, Massachusetts|Lancaster]]. After seven years of hard work, he suffered a breakdown and returned to Wayland. He wrote "It Came Upon the Midnight Clear" while serving as a part-time preacher in Wayland.<ref name=Sawyer>[http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/8732.shtml Sawyer, Ken. "It came upon a Unitarian midnight clear", ''UUWorld'', November 1, 2002]</ref>

In addition to the above noted [[hymn]], Sears authored the following publications: ''Fire-side Colloquies'' (1847); ''Regeneration'' (1853); ''Calm on the Listening Ear of Night; Pictures of the Olden Time'' (1857); ''Athanasia'' (1858); and ''Sermons and Songs of the Christian Life'' (1875). With Rev. R. Ellis he edited ''The Monthly Religious Magazine'' for twelve years.<ref>Julian, John. ''Dictionary of Hymnology'', 1907</ref>

Sears found Christ best presented in the Gospel of John. ''The Fourth Gospel the Heart of Christ'' (1872) was his most widely read work.<ref name=duub/>

Sears preached the equality of women and men. After the Fugitive Slave Law was passed, Sears declared from his pulpit that "when the human and the Divine law were in conflict it was the duty of all to obey the latter."<ref name=duub/>  On Sunday, June 16, 1856, Sears delivered a sermon entitled "Discourse" which not only condemned chattel slavery as evil, but also the slaveholders whom he called the "slave power". The sermon was deemed to be such a strong argument against slavery that it was published and circulated as a pamphlet by Massachusetts abolitionists. "When wrong has become so organized as to make the state its permanent body", said Sears, then the state's functions and the men holding offices do the bidding of wrong and of evil. Sears continued, "humanity dies out of it [the state], and demonism becomes its life and soul".((cn|date=December 2021))

He died January 14, 1876, in [[Weston, Massachusetts]].<ref>[http://www.ccel.org/ccel/nutter/hymnwriters.Sears_EH.html Tillett, Wilbur. ''The Hymns and Hymnwriters of the Church'', Eaton & Mains, New York, 1911]</ref>

==References==
((Reflist))

==Bibliography==
*''History of the Church in Weston'' (1909)
*[[Samuel A. Eliot (minister)|Eliot, Samuel A.]] ''Heralds of a Liberal Faith'', vol. 3 (1910). 
*Robins, Chandler "Memoir of Rev. Edmund Hamilton Sears," ''Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society'' 18 (1891).  
*Christ-Janer, Albert et al., comps., ''American Hymns Old and New'' (2 vols., 1980) 
*Cooke, George W., Unitarianism in America (1902); 
*[[C. Conrad Wright|Wright, C. Conrad]]. ''The Liberal Christians'' (1970)
*Wright, Conrad Edick. ''American Unitarianism, 1805–1865'' (1989).

==Media==
((listen|filename=
It Came Upon a Midnight Clear (Kevin MacLeod) (ISRC USUAN1100191).oga|title=It Came upon the Midnight Clear|description=Instrumental – Piano, Violin, and English Horn|format=[[Ogg]]))
((wikisource author))

==External links==
((wikiquote))
* [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:DIV.LIB:div00121 The papers] of Edmund Hamilton Sears are in the Harvard Divinity School Library at [[Harvard Divinity School]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].
* ((Internet Archive author |sname=Edmund Hamilton Sears))
* ((Librivox author |id=206))
* [https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Sears%2C_Edmund_Hamilton Works with texts by Sears on IMSLP]

((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Sears, Edmund))
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1876 deaths]]
[[Category:Union College (New York) alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Divinity School alumni]]
[[Category:American Unitarians]]
[[Category:American abolitionists]]
[[Category:People from Sandisfield, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:People from Wayland, Massachusetts]]

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