Elbridge Thomas Gerry (December 25, 1837 – February 18, 1927), usually called "Commodore" Gerry due to the office he held with the New York Yacht Club from 1886 to 1892, was an American lawyer and reformer. His paternal grandfather was U.S. Vice President Elbridge Gerry.
In 1879, he inherited $500,000 after the death of his unmarried uncle, Peter Goelet.[5]
Career
After graduation from Columbia, he read law with William Curtis Noyes and was admitted to the New York bar in 1860. He later became partner with Noyes until his death, after which he joined William F. Allen and Vaughn Abbot, practicing as Allen, Abbott & Gerry.[1]
Gerry served as vice-president of SPCC, then as Wright's successor from 1879 to 1901, and finally as legal advisor until his death. The Society's deputies, nicknamed "Gerry men" or "the cruelty," aroused controversy by enforcing various laws, including child labor laws concerning public performances and were allowed to remove children from homes. Some criticized their activities as interfering with family life, or for imposing aristocratic white Protestant values upon immigrants, many of whom were Catholic or black.[8]
After 1903, many such child protection societies changed their focus from police to welfare work, following a Massachusetts model.[8] The U.S. Supreme Court, in the widely reviled 1918 case Hammer v. Dagenhart, found the new federal child protection law, the Keating-Owen Act of 1916, violated the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution, in a case now known for its dissent by Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.[9] Two years later, with Gerry as the organization's legal advisor, SPCCC bought the former House of Mercy for use as a temporary facility to house juveniles awaiting judicial action, since they had previously either been held at stationhouses or jailed with adult prisoners, where they were often victimized. House of Mercy had been organized in 1863 by Harriet Starr Cannon to assist abandoned and delinquent women and girls.[10]
From 1878 until 1912, he served as governor of the New York Hospital and was also a trustee of the New York Life Insurance Company. From 1886 until 1888, Gerry served as chairman of the New York State Commission on Capital Punishment, which replaced hanging with the electric chair. For this decision, a proposed name for this method before "electrocution" was adopted was "gerrycide".[13] He was also chairman of the New York City Commission on Insanity in 1892.
In 1867, Gerry married Louisa Matilda Livingston (1836–1920). Louisa was the daughter of Robert James Livingston (1811–1891) and Louisa Matilda Storm (1807–1883) and the granddaughter of Maturin Livingston (1769–1847) and Margaret Lewis (1780–1860). Margaret was the only child and sole heiress of Gov. Morgan Lewis (1754–1844).[14] Together, Elbridge and Louisa had six children:
Angelica Livingston Gerry (1871–1960),[15] died unmarried.[16] (See Ancrum House.)
Mabel Gerry (1872–1930),[15] who married Francis Saxham Elwes Drury (1859–1937), a widower, in 1925.[17] Drury had previously been married to Mary Gertrude Peek (1861–1921)
Gerry died on February 18, 1927, about two weeks after breaking his hip in a fall, outliving his wife by seven years. He was entombed in the churchyard of St. James Church in Hyde Park, New York.[19] The associated Episcopal church is best known for its association with Franklin D. Roosevelt, who served on the vestry and as senior warden,[20] and tours of the cemetery continue to be offered.[21] At his death, Gerry was reputed to be worth $26 million, primarily in landholdings, making him one of the city's wealthiest men.
His family's New York mansion at 2 East 61st Street had long been a center of cultivated and fashionable life, even as it came to be surrounded by skyscrapers.[1] When he built it, he told architect Richard Morris Hunt specifically about needing to house his collection of 30,000 law books and cost a reported $3,000,000.[17] After his death, the family mansions in Manhattan were soon demolished, to make way for the Pierre Hotel.[22]
Gerry maintained a summer home named "Seaverge" on Bellevue Avenue in Newport, Rhode Island. His wife's estate in the Catskill Mountains was called "Aknusti", supposedly from an American Indian word meaning "expensive proposition."[23]
^Markel, Howard (December 14, 2009). "Case Shined First Light on Abuse of Children". The New York Times. Retrieved December 15, 2009. In fact, though, the quotation is from the 1874 case of Mary Ellen McCormack, below, a self-possessed 10-year-old who lived on West 41st Street, in the Hell's Kitchen section of Manhattan. It was Mary Ellen who finally put a human face on child abuse — and prompted a reformers' crusade to prevent it and to protect its victims, an effort that continues to this day.
