Eliya IX (Syriac: ܐܠܝܐ / Elīyā, died 17 May 1700) was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 1660 to 1700, with his residence in Rabban Hormizd Monastery, near Alqosh, in modern Iraq. He was a "vigorous defender of the traditional faith",^[1] and on several occasions acted against local representatives of the Catholic Church in the region.^[2] His correspondence with Rome, in 1668–1669, ended without agreement on the discussed issues.^[3]

In older historiography, he was designated as Eliya IX,^[4] but later renumbered as Eliya "X" by some authors.^[5][6] After the resolution of several chronological questions, he was designated again as Eliya IX,^[7][8][9] and that numeration is accepted in recent scholarly works.^{[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]}