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((Short description|Species of plant in the family Apiaceae))
((More citations needed|date=January 2008))
((Speciesbox
|image = Valuable plant Bunium persicum.JPG
|image_caption = A field of cultivated plants of ''Elwendia persica''
|genus = Elwendia
|species = persica
|authority = ([[Pierre Edmond Boissier|Boiss.]]) Pimenov & Kljuykov
|synonyms = 
  ((Species list
|Bunium persicum|(Boiss.) B.Fedtsch.
|Carum heterophyllum|Regel & Schmalh.
|Carum persicum|Boiss.
|Pimpinella cyminosma|(Basiner) Koso-Pol.
|Sium cyminosma|Basiner
  ))
|synonyms_ref = 
))

'''''Elwendia persica''''' is a plant [[species]] in the family [[Apiaceae]].<ref name=KewPOWO>((cite web|url= https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77128917-1|title= Elwendia persica (Boiss.) Pimenov & Kljuykov|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=n.d.|website=Plants of the World Online|publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date= September 20, 2020))</ref><ref name=GBIF>((cite web|url= https://www.gbif.org/species/8187284|title= Elwendia persica (Boiss.) Pimenov & Kljuykov|author=<!--Not stated-->|date=n.d.|website=Global Diversity Information Facility|publisher= GBIF Secretariat |access-date= September 20, 2020))</ref> It is related to [[cumin]] (''Cuminum cyminum'') and sometimes called '''black cumin''',((citation needed|date=September 2013)) '''blackseed''',((citation needed|date=September 2013)) or '''black caraway''',<ref name=GRIN-persicum>((GRIN | ''Bunium persicum'' | 406659 | access-date = 2022-11-28))</ref> and has a smoky, earthy taste. It is often confused with ''[[Nigella sativa]]'' (which is also called [[black cumin]], black caraway, or black seed<ref name=GRIN-sativa>((GRIN | ''Nigella sativa'' |25337 | access-date = 2022-11-28))</ref><ref name=WebMD>((cite web |title=Black seed |website=WebMD |url=https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-901/black-seed |access-date = 28 November 2022))</ref>), by which it is often substituted in cooking.

Dried ''E. persica'' [[fruit]]s are used as a culinary [[spice]] in northern [[India]], [[Pakistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Tajikistan]], and [[Iran]].  It is practically unknown outside these areas.((citation needed|date=October 2013))

== Etymology ==
Local names for that spice are ''kala zeera'' (((lang|hi|काला ज़ीरा)) ''black cumin'') or ''shahi zeera'' (((lang|hi|शाहि ज़ीरा)); ''imperial cumin'') in [[Hindi language|Hindi]], as ''syah zirah'' (((lang|ur|سیاہ زیرہ)); ''black cumin''), ''kaala zirah'' (((lang|ur|کالا زیرہ)); ''black cumin''), and ''zirah kuhi'' (((lang|ur|زيره كوهی)); ''mountain/wild cumin'') in [[Urdu]], ''zireh kuhi'' (((lang|fa|زيره كوهی)); ''wild cumin'') in [[Persian language|Persian]], and ''siyoh dona'' (((lang|tg|сиёх дона)); ''black seed'') in [[Tajik language|Tajiki]], and in Malayalam ''sahajīrakaṁ'' (((lang|ml|സഹജീരകം))).((citation needed|date=February 2020))

The commonly used Hindi term ''shahi zeera'' may be a distortion of ''syahi'' (black in Persian) ''zeera''. However, in the [[Hindustani language]], the term ''syahi'' also means "inky black". In [[Bengali language|Bengali]], ''kalo zeera'' also means black cumin, but refers to ''Nigella'', not ''E. persica''. ''[[Nigella sativa|Nigella]]'' is widely used as a spice in [[Bengali cuisine|Bengali food]].((citation needed|date=February 2020))

==Uses==
((unreferenced section|date=July 2017))
The plant bears slender, elongate, ribbed fruits which are harvested once the plant has become very dry. Not more than 5 to 8 g can be plucked from each plant, contributing to their high price.

The seeds are most valued as a garnish to high value, very special [[Indian cuisine|Indian]] dishes; they should not be ground, as their flavour would be reduced.

==Gallery==
<gallery>Blackcuminseeds.jpg|A pinch of the slender fruits juxtaposed with a one cent coin for scale
File:Black Cumin.jpg|Close-up of slender seed-like fruits ([[mericarp]]s)</gallery>

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
((Wikispecies))

((Edible Apiaceae))
((Taxonbar|from1=Q55280421|from2=Q925373|from3=Q50839474))

[[Category:Apioideae]]
[[Category:Flora of Central Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of Western Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of the Indian subcontinent]]
[[Category:Spices]]
[[Category:Indian spices]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Pierre Edmond Boissier]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1844]]


((Apiaceae-stub))

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