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((Short description|Philosophical concept))
((more references|date=July 2015))
In the [[philosophy of mind]], '''emergent''' (or '''emergentist''') '''materialism''' is a theory which asserts that the [[mind]] is irreducibly existent in some sense. However, the mind does not exist in the sense of being an [[ontology|ontological]] simple. Further, the study of [[mental event|mental phenomena]] is independent of other sciences. The theory primarily maintains that the human mind's evolution is a product of material nature and that it cannot exist without material basis.<ref name=":0">((Cite book|title=Consciousness in Philosophy and Cognitive Neuroscience|last1=Revonsuo|first1=Antti|last2=Kamppinen|first2=Matti|publisher=Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers|year=2013|isbn=9781134783021|location=Hillsdale, NJ|pages=38))</ref>

==Overview==
The view holds that mental properties emerge as novel properties of complex material systems.<ref name=":1">((Cite book|title=A Companion to Analytic Philosophy|last1=Martinich|first1=A. P.|last2=Sosa|first2=E. David|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|year=2008|isbn=978-0631214151|location=Malden, MA|pages=65))</ref> These are conceptually irreducible as physical properties of the complexes that have them.<ref>((Cite book|title=The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind|last1=Stich|first1=Stephen P.|last2=Warfield|first2=Ted A.|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2008|isbn=978-0631217749|location=Malden, MA|pages=18|language=en))</ref> The theory, however, states that the mind is independent due to the causal influences between body and mind.<ref name=":0" /> This is described as a "primitive relation" that is grounded in or dependent on the physical, but with metaphysical necessity.<ref>((Cite book|title=New Waves in Philosophy of Mind|last1=Sprevak|first1=M.|last2=Kallestrup|first2=J.|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|year=2014|isbn=9781137286710|location=London|pages=158|language=en))</ref>  

Emergent materialism can be divided into emergence which denies [[mental causation]] and emergence which allows for causal effect.  A version of the latter type has been advocated by [[John R. Searle]], called [[biological naturalism]].  
  
The other main group of materialist views in the philosophy of mind can be labeled non-emergent (or non-emergentist) materialism, and includes pure physicalism ([[eliminative materialism]]), [[Type physicalism|identity theory (reductive materialism)]],<ref name=":1" /> philosophical [[behaviorism]], and [[functionalism (philosophy of mind)|functionalism]].

==See also==
* [[Cartesian dualism]]
* [[Emergentism]]
* [[Emergence]]
* [[Epiphenomenalism]]
* [[Materialism]]
* [[Mind–body problem]]
* [[Monism]]
* [[Physicalism]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* [http://www.newdualism.org/papers/M.Robertson/churchl.pdf M.D. Robertson, ''Dualism vs. Materialism: A Response to Paul Churchland'']

((philosophy of mind))


[[Category:Materialism]]
[[Category:Metaphysics of mind]]
[[Category:Emergence|Materialism]]


((philo-stub))

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