Emperor Tsuchimikado
土御門天皇
Emperor of Japan
ReignFebruary 18, 1198 – December 12, 1210
CoronationApril 10, 1198
PredecessorGo-Toba
SuccessorJuntoku
ShōgunMinamoto no Yoriie
Minamoto no Sanetomo
BornJanuary 3, 1196
DiedNovember 6, 1231(1231-11-06) (aged 35)
Itano, Awa Province
Burial
Kanegahara no misasagi (金原陵) (Kyoto)
SpouseFujiwara no Reishi
Issue
more...		Emperor Go-Saga
Posthumous name
Tsuigō:
Emperor Tsuchimikado (土御門院 or 土御門天皇)
HouseYamato
FatherEmperor Go-Toba
MotherMinamoto no Ariko

Emperor Tsuchimikado (土御門天皇, Tsuchimikado-tennō, January 3, 1196[citation needed] – November 6, 1231) was the 83rd emperor of Japan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]

Tsuchimikado's reign spanned the years from 1198 through 1210.[3]

Genealogy

Before Tsuchimikado's accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina) was Tamehito-shinnō (為仁親王).[4] He was the firstborn son of Emperor Go-Toba. His mother was Ariko (在子) (1171–1257), daughter of Minamoto no Michichika (源通親).

Tsuchimikado's Imperial family lived with him in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. His family included three sons by three different consorts:[2]

Events of Tsuchimikado's life

In 1198, he became emperor upon the abdication of Emperor Go-Toba, who continued to exercise Imperial powers as cloistered emperor.

In Kyōto, Minamoto no Michichika took power as steward, and in Kamakura, in 1199, upon the death of Minamoto no Yoritomo, Hōjō Tokimasa began to rule as Gokenin.

Tsuchimikado removed himself from Kyoto, traveling first to Tosa Province (now known as Kōchi Prefecture); and later, he moved to Awa province (now known as Tokushima Prefecture), where he died in exile.[9]

Tsuchimikado's official Imperial tomb is in Kyoto. The emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi). This mausoleum shrine is formally named Kanegahara no misasagi.[10]

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Tsuchimikado's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras of Tsuchimikado's reign

The years of Tschuimikado's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[12]

Ancestry

See also

Notes

Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom
  1. ^ Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 土御門天皇 (83)
  2. ^ a b Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 86–87.
  3. ^ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 221–230; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 3339–341; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. pp. 220–221.
  4. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 9; Titsingh, p. 221; Brown, p. 339; Varley, p. 220.
  5. ^ a b mother of Emperor Go-Saga – see Ponsonby-Fane, p. 20.
  6. ^ Brown, p.339; Varley, p. 44; n.b., a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
  7. ^ Titsingh, p.221; Varley, p. 44.
  8. ^ a b c Ponsonby-Fane, p. 87.
  9. ^ Takekoshi, Yosaburō. (2004). The Economic Aspects of the History of the Civilization of Japan, Volume 1, p. 186; Ponsonby-Fane, p. 87.
  10. ^ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 422.
  11. ^ a b Brown, p. 339.
  12. ^ Titsingh, p. 221; Brown, p. 340.
  13. ^ "Genealogy". Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). 30 April 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2020.

References

Regnal titles Preceded byEmperor Go-Toba Emperor of Japan:Tsuchimikado 1198–1210 Succeeded byEmperor Juntoku
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