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((Short description|Welsh politician and journalist))((for|the rugby league footballer of the 1930s for Wales, and Huddersfield|Emrys Hughes (rugby)))
((EngvarB|date=February 2018))
((Use dmy dates|date=February 2018))
[[File:Emrys Hughes (cropped).jpg|thumb|Emrys Hughes]]
'''Emrys Daniel Hughes''' (10 July 1894 – 18 October 1969) was a Welsh [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] politician, journalist and author. He was [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] for [[South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency)|South Ayrshire]] in Scotland from 1946 to 1969. Among his many published books was a biography of his father-in-law, [[Keir Hardie]].<ref>[https://biography.wales/article/s2-HUGH-DAN-1894 Hughes, Emrys Daniel (1894–1969), politician, journalist and author], John Graham Jones (2001), ''Dictionary of Welsh Biography'' / ''Welsh Biography Online''.</ref>

== Life ==
((Moresources|section|date=June 2023))
Hughes was born in [[Tonypandy]], Wales, the son of the Reverend J. R. Hughes, a Calvinistic Methodist minister, and his wife Annie. He was educated at [[Abercynon]] Council School, [[Mountain Ash, Rhondda Cynon Taf|Mountain Ash]] Secondary School and City of [[Leeds]] Training College. While working as a teacher and journalist in the Rhondda, he became a strong supporter of the Labour Party and of Keir Hardie, the Labour MP for Merthyr Tydfil.

Hughes was, like Hardie, a [[pacifist]]. He opposed the [[First World War]] and was imprisoned as a [[conscientious objector]].<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p025nqb1 BBC – World War One At Home], 29 August 2014. Retrieved 17 December 2017 : "Emrys Hughes ... was the most imprisoned Conscientious Objector in Wales... Caernarfon was amongst the prisons he was sent to".</ref>

In the [[1923 United Kingdom general election|1923 General Election]], Hughes was the unsuccessful Labour candidate for [[Bosworth (UK Parliament constituency)|Bosworth, Leicestershire]], a constituency which combined coal-mining communities and a substantial agricultural tradition.

From 1924 to 1948, Hughes edited the Scottish socialist journal ''[[Forward (Scottish newspaper)|Forward]]''.<ref>Hughes was acting Editor from 1924 to 1931, and Editor from 1931 to 1948.</ref> In the late 1930s, ''Forward'' was one of the few British left-wing publications to criticise the [[Moscow Trials]].<ref>[[Robert J. Alexander]], ''International Trotskyism, 1929–1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement''. Duke University Press, 1991 ((ISBN|082231066X)), p. 451</ref> Hughes' pacifist position in [[World War II]] was reflected in ''[[Forward (Scottish newspaper)|Forward]]'': for the duration of the war he wrote most of the paper's articles.<ref>William Knox (ed.), ''Scottish Labour Leaders 1918–1939. A Biographical Dictionary'' Edinburgh, Mainstream Publishing, 1984 ((ISBN|9780906391402)), pp.144–158</ref>
[[File:Emrys Hughes and Nan Hardie.jpg|thumb|Emrys Hughes and Nan Hardie]]

In 1924, Hughes married [[Nan Hardie]] (1885–1947), [[Keir Hardie]]'s daughter. Hughes and Nan Hardie shared the same political philosophy and ideals. As Labour councillors on the town council in [[Cumnock]], South Ayrshire, they worked together for [[Slum clearance in the United Kingdom|slum clearance]] and the provision of council housing. Both were provost of the council. After Nan's death, Hughes married in 1949 Martha Cleland, daughter of P.M. Cleland, a Glasgow schoolmaster.

Hughes was first elected to Parliament on at [[1946 South Ayrshire by-election|by-election on 7 February 1946]] for [[South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency)|South Ayrshire]] caused by the death of [[Alexander Sloan]], the sitting Labour MP. Hughes was re-elected in the general elections of 1950, 1951, 1955, 1959, 1964, and 1966. As a left-winger and pacifist, Hughes was a frequent rebel against the party's leadership. He twice had the [[whip (politics)|whip]] withdrawn, between November 1954 and April 1955 (over German rearmament), and between March 1961 and May 1963 (over nuclear weapons). His Constituency Labour Party always supported him in his clashes with the leadership.<ref>H.M. Drucker ''Breakaway: The Scottish Labour Party''</ref>  
  
In 1952, Hughes caused further controversy by calling for a reduction of the [[civil list]] payments to the [[British Royal Family]]. During the debate, Hughes identified himself as an [[Republicanism in the United Kingdom|anti-monarchist]] and "a republican, like [[Dwight Eisenhower|President Eisenhower]]".<ref>[[Kingsley Martin]], ''The Crown and the Establishment''. London, Hutchinson (p.137-39)</ref>

On 14 July 1966, [[Gwynfor Evans]] ([[Plaid Cymru]]) won [[Carmarthen (UK Parliament constituency)|Carmarthen]] from Labour in a by-election. Emrys Hughes was "one of the few to extend the hand of friendship".<ref>[https://www.scotsman.com/news/obituaries/richard-gwynfor-evans-1-709587 Gwynfor Evans : Obituary, ''The Scotsman'' 28 April 2005]. Retrieved 18 December 2017. As a fellow pacifist and member of the Peace Pledge Union, Gwynfor Evans was shown around the House of Commons by Emrys Hughes; pointing to the Welsh table in the Commons' tea room, Hughes said : 'I wouldn't sit there if I were you '– 'Your name is mud there.' –  [http://www.hanesplaidcymru.org/gwynfor-evans-darlith/?lang=en "Gwynfor Evans"], by Peter Hughes Griffiths : first [[National Eisteddfod of Wales]] Lecture of the Plaid Cymru History Society (6 Aug 2012; extended version 5 October 2012; English translation by Dafydd Williams. Retrieved 18 December 2017).</ref> Hughes supported in the House of Commons Gwynfor Evans' right to take the oath in the Welsh language.<ref>When the Speaker refused to allow Gwynfor Evans to take the oath in Welsh, Hughes immediately rose in the Commons to challenge his ruling.[https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1966/jul/21/oath-of-allegiance-welsh-language OATH OF ALLEGIANCE (WELSH LANGUAGE), Hansard HC Deb 21 July 1966 vol 732 cc879-85].</ref> When [[Winifred Ewing]] of the [[Scottish National Party|SNP]] won the [[1967 Hamilton by-election|Hamilton by-election]] from Labour in 1967, Hughes was similarly welcoming.<ref>[https://www.scotsman.com/news/mother-scotland-1-683301 'Mother Scotland' : interview with Winifred Ewing], ''The Scotsman'', 22 February 2007, updated 23 February 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2017: "she remembers with particular gratitude the kindness and courtesy she received from a few exceptional Labour MPs, notably Emrys Hughes and Michael Foot".</ref>

Hughes died on 18 October 1969, while still an MP. His papers were deposited at the National Library of Scotland.<ref>The National Library of Scotland also holds the [https://www.nls.uk/collections/rare-books/collections/hardie-hughes-collection Keir Hardie/Emrys Hughes Collection] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427003709/http://www.nls.uk/collections/rare-books/collections/hardie-hughes-collection |date=27 April 2017 )) of posters, leaflets and book relating to left-wing politics and the Labour Party in the early 20th century.</ref>

== Selected works ==
* ''[[Winston Churchill]]. British Bulldog: His Career in War and Peace'', Exposition Books, 1955. ASIN:B0006ATSO8 (first published in 1950)
* ''Keir Hardie'', [[Allen & Unwin]], 1956. ASIN:B0006DBKFK
* ''Emrys Hughes, M.P. on POLARIS and the ARMS RACE'', Housmans, 1961. ASIN:B003Z94NXI
* ''[[Harold Macmillan]] : Portrait of a Politician'', [[Allen & Unwin]], 1962. ((ISBN|978-0-04-923013-2))
* ''[[Sir Alec Douglas-Home]]. Modern Conservative'', Housmans, 1964. ASIN: B002A6S6OE
* ''[[Sydney Silverman]] – Rebel in Parliament'', C Skilton, 1969. ASIN:B001KIB9T2

==See also==
*[[List of peace activists]]

== References ==
((reflist))

== External links ==
* ((hansard-contribs | mr-emrys-hughes | Emrys Hughes  ))

((s-start))
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((succession box|title=Editor of ''[[Forward (Scottish newspaper)|Forward]]''|years=1931–1948|before=[[Tom Johnston (Scottish politician)|Tom Johnston]]|after=[[George Thomson, Baron Thomson of Monifieth|George Thomson]]))
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((succession box
  | title  = Member of Parliament for [[South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency)|South Ayrshire]]
  | years  = [[1946 South Ayrshire by-election|1946]]–[[1970 South Ayrshire by-election|1969]]
  | before = [[Alexander Sloan]]
  | after  = [[Jim Sillars]]
))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Hughes, Emrys))
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1969 deaths]]
[[Category:Welsh conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British conscientious objectors]]
[[Category:British republicans]]
[[Category:Welsh politicians]]
[[Category:Scottish Labour MPs]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1945–1950]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1950–1951]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1951–1955]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1955–1959]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1959–1964]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1964–1966]]
[[Category:UK MPs 1966–1970]]
[[Category:Welsh socialists]]
[[Category:Welsh pacifists]]
[[Category:People from Tonypandy]]

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