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((More citations needed|date=June 2023))
((Soviet-type economics |expanded=Organizations))
'''Enterprises in the Soviet Union''' were legal entities engaged in some kind of economic activity, such as [[Production (economics)|production]], [[Distribution (business)|distribution]], the provision of [[Service (economics)|services]], or any other economic operation. An enterprise was the general equivalent of "[[company]]", which was the legal entity prominent outside of the Eastern-bloc economies. Enterprises and production units engaged in activities that are generally undertaken by [[Business|business-enterprises]] in capitalist systems, including the design, production, manufacture and distribution of producer and consumer goods and services. In contrast to business enterprises, enterprises and production associations did not engage in business-related activities such as marketing, buying-and-selling and financial decisions.

An enterprise often included production units. There also existed associations of production units collectively called "[[production association]]s" and "[[scientific production association]]s", organized around the production and distribution of a single sector or product. An example of a production association was the [[Kazan Aircraft Production Association]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Туполев |url=https://www.tupolev.ru/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=Туполев |language=ru))</ref>

The generic term for economic units in the [[Soviet Union]] was ''"предприятие"'', or "enterprise".

With the exception of the brief period of [[New Economic Policy]], the [[Kosygin reform]] and the final period of ''[[perestroika]]'' before the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], the terms [[company]], [[business]], [[corporation]], etc., were considered to be attributes of [[capitalism]] that were inapplicable to the Soviet [[socialist economy]].<ref>((Cite journal |title="The Socialist Economics of Karl Marx and his Followers" |url=https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-lookup/doi/10.2307/1883435 |access-date=2023-05-14 |journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics |doi=10.2307/1883435|jstor=1883435 |last1=Veblen |first1=Thorstein |year=1907 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=299–322 ))</ref>

==Types of enterprises==
Enterprises were classified into three major categories, according to the major [[Economy of the Soviet Union#Forms of property|forms of property]] in the Soviet Union: 
*Based on property of Soviet citizens
**Individual enterprises
**Family enterprises
*Based on collective property
**Collective enterprises
**Consumer cooperatives
**Production cooperatives
**Various [[incorporated business]]es: partnerships, [[joint-stock companies]], etc.
**Enterprises of public (общественные) or religious (религиозные) organizations
*Based on state property
**Union state enterprises
**Republican state enterprises
**Communal state enterprises

There were also other types:
*Mixed enterprises (смешанные предприятия)
*Rental enterprises (арендные предприятия)
*etc.

== See also ==
*[[Economy of the Soviet Union]]
*[[Collective ownership]]
*[[Soviet-type economic planning]]
*[[State enterprise]]
*[[Material Product System]]
*[[Planned economy]]
*[[State capitalism]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

((DEFAULTSORT:Enterprises In The Soviet Union))
[[Category:Economy of the Soviet Union]]

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