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((short description|American politician (1909–1983)))
((more citations needed|date=June 2019))
((Infobox officeholder
| name          = Erastus Corning 2nd
| image         = Erastus Corning 2nd (Mayor of Albany, New York).jpg
| caption       = Mayor Corning in 1969
| office        = 72nd [[Mayor of Albany, New York]]
| term_start    = January 2, 1942
| term_end      = May 28, 1983
| predecessor   = [[John Boyd Thacher II|J. Boyd Thatcher II]]
| successor     = [[Thomas Michael Whalen III|Thomas M. Whalen III]]
| state_senate2 = New York
| district2     = 30th
| term_start2   = January 1, 1937
| term_end2     = August 1, 1941
| preceded2     = [[William T. Byrne]]
| succeeded2    = [[Julian B. Erway]]
| office3       = Member of the [[New York State Assembly]] from [[Albany County, New York|Albany]]'s 1st district
| term_start3   = January 1, 1936
| term_end3     = August 1, 1936
| preceded3     = John H. Cahill
| succeeded3    = George W. Foy
| birth_date    = ((birth date|1909|10|07))
| birth_place   = [[Albany, New York]], U.S.
| death_date    = ((death date and age|1983|5|28|1909|10|7))
| death_place   = ((nowrap|[[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], U.S.))
| spouse        = Elizabeth Norris Platt (m. 1932-1983, his death)
| children      = Erastus Corning III<br>Bettina Corning Dudley
| relations     = [[Erastus Corning]] (great-grandfather)<br/>[[Amasa J. Parker]] (great-grandfather)<br/>[[Parker Corning]] (uncle)<br/>[[Edwin Corning Jr.]] (brother)
| parents       = [[Edwin Corning]]<br/>Louise Maxwell
| alma_mater    = [[Yale University]]
| profession    = [[Insurance]] broker
| party         = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| awards        = [[Order of Orange-Nassau]] (Officer)
| allegiance    = ((flag|United States|1912))
| branch        = [[United States Army]]
| serviceyears  = 1944–1945
| rank          = [[Private first class#United States Army|Private First Class]]
| unit          = [[38th Infantry Regiment (United States)|38th Infantry Regiment]], [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2nd Infantry Division]]
| battles       = [[World War II]]
*[[Battle of the Bulge|Ardennes-Alsace]]
*[[Western Allied invasion of Germany|Central Europe]]
| mawards       = [[Bronze Star Medal]]<br/>[[Combat Infantryman Badge]]
))

'''Erastus Corning 2nd''' (October 7, 1909 – May 28, 1983) was an American politician. A [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], Corning served as the 72nd [[mayor of Albany, New York]] from 1942 to 1983, when [[Albany County, New York|Albany County]] was controlled by one of the last classic urban [[political machine]]s in the United States.

Corning hailed from a prominent [[Albany, New York|Albany]] family. His great-grandfather, [[Erastus Corning]], was an industrialist who founded the [[New York Central Railroad]] and served in Congress and as Albany's mayor from 1834 to 1837. Another great-grandfather, [[Amasa J. Parker]], was a member of Congress and prominent judge.  Corning's father, [[Edwin Corning]], was [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]] from 1927 to 1928.  His uncle, [[Parker Corning]], served as a member of the [[United States House of Representatives]].  His brother, [[Edwin Corning Jr.]] served as a member of the [[New York State Assembly]].  Corning was educated at [[The Albany Academy]], [[Groton School]], and [[Yale University]] (class of 1932).  The Corning family was involved in several Albany-area businesses, and Corning started an insurance agency after his college graduation.  While he served as mayor, his agency did not do business with the city of Albany, but did do business with Albany County, which Corning argued presented no conflict of interest, since he was not a county official.

Corning's father was one of the leaders of the Democratic Party organization formed by [[Daniel P. O'Connell]], which wrested control of Albany city and county from the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] organization led by [[William Barnes Jr.]] in the early 1920s.  The O'Connell machine proved so durable that it still largely controlled Albany County until the early 1980s, one of the last such organizations to remain viable.  Corning entered politics at an early age as an affiliate of the O'Connell organization, winning a seat in the [[New York State Assembly]] in 1935.  After serving in the Assembly during the 1936 legislative session, Corning won election to the [[New York State Senate]], where he served from 1937 to 1941.  Corning was elected mayor in 1941.  He continued to win election every four years until 1981, and served from 1941 until his death in 1983.  Corning was drafted for [[World War II]] and served in the [[United States Army]]'s [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2nd Infantry Division]] during combat in Europe.  In 1946, he was the Democratic Party's unsuccessful nominee for lieutenant governor.  In the 1970s Corning teamed with Governor [[Nelson A. Rockefeller]] to finance construction of the [[Empire State Plaza]], a large state government office complex near Albany's downtown area.  The plaza's tallest building,  [[Erastus Corning Tower]], was named in Corning's honor.

In the early 1980s, Corning's health began to deteriorate.  In January, 1983 he was moved to [[Boston Medical Center|University Hospital]] in [[Boston]], where he died on May 28.  Corning was buried at [[Albany Rural Cemetery]] in [[Menands, New York|Menands]].  At over 41 years, Corning's tenure makes him Albany's longest-serving mayor, as well as the longest-tenured mayor ever of any large city in the United States.

==Early life==
Erastus Corning 2nd was born in [[Albany, New York]] on October 7, 1909, the son of Louise Maxwell and [[Edwin Corning]].<ref>((cite book |last=Grondahl |first=Paul |date=2007 |title=Mayor Corning: Albany Icon, Albany Enigma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PfdU14bq2LUC&pg=PA69 |location=Albany, NY |publisher=State University of New York Press |page=46 |isbn=978-0-7914-7294-1 |ref=((sfnRef|Grondahl))))</ref> Corning's mother was born to American parents in [[Kanpur|Cawnpore]], [[India]], where her father Allan was serving as a missionary.((sfn|Grondahl|page=44)) After the 1890 death of Allan Maxwell, her mother Ellen became a successful novelist and married U.S. Navy admiral [[Albert S. Barker]].((sfn|Grondahl|pages=44-45))

Corning's father was from an Albany-area family prominent in business and politics.((sfn|Grondahl|pages=43-44)) Corning was educated at [[The Albany Academy]] and [[Groton School]].((sfn|Grondahl|pages=78-79)) In 1928, he began attendance at [[Yale University]].((sfn|Grondahl|page=110)) Corning graduated ''[[magna cum laude]]''((sfn|Grondahl|page=108)) with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in 1932<ref>((cite book |date=1977 |title=Who's who in Government |volume=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sVQfAQAAMAAJ&q=%22CORNING+,+ERASTUS+,+2D+,+mayor+Albany+(+N.Y.+)%22 |location=Chicago, IL |publisher=Marquis Who's Who |page=123 |isbn=978-0-8379-1203-5 |via=[[Google Books]]))</ref> and was a member of the [[Chi Psi]] fraternity,((sfn|Grondahl|page=107)) [[Wolf's Head (secret society)|Wolf's Head]] senior society,((sfn|Grondahl|pages=105-106)) and [[Phi Beta Kappa]] academic honor society.((sfn|Grondahl|page=108))

==Early career==
After graduating from college, Corning started an insurance company and soon entered politics. He was a member of the [[New York State Assembly]] (Albany Co., 1st D.) in [[159th New York State Legislature|1936]]; and of the [[New York State Senate]] (30th D.) from 1937 to 1941, sitting in the [[160th New York State Legislature|160th]], [[161st New York State Legislature|161st]], [[162nd New York State Legislature|162nd]] and [[163rd New York State Legislature]]s. He resigned his seat on August 1, 1941, to seek the Democratic nomination for Mayor of Albany.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1941/08/02/archives/corning-to-run-in-albany-state-senator-resigns-to-seek-the.html ''CORNING TO RUN IN ALBANY; State Senator Resigns to Seek the Mayoralty''] in ''[[The New York Times]]'' on August 2, 1941 (subscription required)</ref>

Corning won the first of his 11 terms as mayor in November 1941, easily defeating the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] candidate, Benjamin R. Hoff, by nearly 46,000 votes. Corning took office on January 1, 1942.

Shortly after his first term began, the newly elected Governor [[Thomas E. Dewey]] had the powerful Albany [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] [[political machine]], run by "Boss" [[Daniel P. O'Connell]], investigated. The investigations proved largely unsuccessful and left Corning and O'Connell unscathed. This political machine proved to be one of the most durable in American history, even outlasting the [[Daley family]] machine in [[Chicago, Illinois|Chicago]].

==Military service==
[[File:Erastus Corning 2nd Draft Notice 1944.jpg|thumb|left|Corning displays his draft notice, February 22, 1944]]
After having been previously classified as ineligible for military service during [[World War II]], in 1944, Corning's draft status was changed and he was found eligible.  Opting not to apply for an officer's commission or specialty training in a field such as [[Civil affairs#United States Army|civil affairs]], he joined the [[United States Army]] as a [[Private (rank)#United States Army|private]].((sfn|Grondahl|page=202)) During his absence, Frank Harris, a member of the city council, served as acting mayor.

Corning underwent training as an [[Infantry Branch (United States)|Infantryman]] at [[Fort Dix]], [[New Jersey]], and [[Camp Blanding]], [[Florida]].((sfn|Grondahl|pages=202-203))  Assigned to the [[38th Infantry Regiment (United States)|38th Infantry Regiment]], a unit of the [[2nd Infantry Division (United States)|2nd Infantry Division]], he arrived in France with his unit in October, 1944.((sfn|Grondahl|page=204))  In France, Corning was initially attached to an organization that performed rebuilding duties in towns and villages that had been liberated from German occupation.((sfn|Grondahl|page=205))  During late 1944 and early 1945, he took part in the [[Battle of the Bulge]] and the [[Western Allied invasion of Germany]] and attained the rank of [[Private first class#United States Army|private first class]].((sfn|Grondahl|pages=205-206))

In the fall of 1945, Corning was discharged and returned to Albany.((sfn|Grondahl|page=213))  His awards included the [[Combat Infantryman Badge]], [[Bronze Star Medal]], [[European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal]] with two [[Service star|battle stars]], [[World War II Victory Medal (United States)|World War II Victory Medal]], [[Army Good Conduct Medal]], and the [[Presidential Unit Citation (United States)|Presidential Unit Citation]], which was awarded to Corning's battalion.((sfn|Grondahl|page=212))

==Post-World War II career==
At the [[New York state election, 1946]], Corning ran for [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]] on the ticket with [[James M. Mead]] for governor, but they were defeated by the incumbent Republicans Dewey and [[Joe R. Hanley]].

Corning served ten full consecutive terms as mayor after his return from the war. His insurance firm profited from being the sole bidder on Albany County insurance contracts for many years. Corning defended this apparent conflict of interest by noting that he himself was not a county official.

Corning was re-elected in landslides for most of his career.  The most notable exception was 1973 when a prominent businessman and reform candidate, Carl Touhey, ran a well-financed Republican campaign and came within 3,500 votes of defeating him.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/11/01/nyregion/corning-albany-s-mayor-for-40-years-is-facing-a-stiff-challenge.html|title=Corning, Albany's Mayor for 40 Years, Is Facing a Stiff Challenge|first=Frank|last=Lynn|newspaper=The New York Times |date=November 1, 1981))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/troy-times-record-nov-09-1977-p-9/|title=Troy Times Record Newspaper Archives, Nov 9, 1977, p. 9|website=newspaperarchive.com|date=9 November 1977 ))</ref> In 1977, Corning faced a primary election challenge from State Senator [[Howard C. Nolan Jr.]],<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/08/28/archives/albanys-mayor-is-in-a-primary-fighthis-first-in-36-years-in-office.html|title=Albany's Mayor Is in a Primary Fight His First in 36 Years in Office|first=Richard|last=Meislin|newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 28, 1977))</ref> defeating him by a comfortable margin.<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/09/09/archives/albany-mayor-wins-by-a-2t01-margin-corning-defeats-45yearold-rival.html|title=Albany Mayor Wins by a 2-1 Margin|first=Richard J.|last=Muslin|newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 9, 1977))</ref>

Corning's last mayoral re-election came in 1981, when he defeated Charles Touhey (the son of 1973 mayoral candidate Carl Touhey) by a two-to-one margin. During his final term in office, his health deteriorated. He died in office in 1983.<ref name="auto">((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/29/obituaries/erastus-corning-2d-albany-mayor-since-42-dies.html|title=Erastus Corning 2d, Albany Mayor Since '42, Dies|first=M. a|last=Farber|newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 29, 1983))</ref>

==Personal life==
In 1932, Corning married Elizabeth Norris Platt (1912-1993).<ref>((cite news |last=Associated Press |date=September 5, 1993 |title=Elizabeth Corning, 81, Expert in Horticulture|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/05/obituaries/elizabeth-corning-81-expert-in-horticulture.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York, NY |page=54))</ref>  They were the parents of two children, Erastus Corning III and Bettina Corning Dudley.((sfn|Grondahl|page=155))<ref>((cite news |last=Grondahl |first=Paul |date=November 4, 2016 |title=Bettina Dudley, daughter of Albany Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd, dies at 78: She was the daughter of iconic Albany Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd |url=https://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Bettina-Dudley-daughter-of-Albany-Mayor-Corning-10594213.php |work=[[Times Union (Albany)|Times Union]] |location=Albany, NY))</ref>

Corning's extended family was prominent in Albany-area business in politics for several generations.  In addition to his father Edwin, who served as lieutenant governor, Corning's family included: [[Erastus Corning]] (great-grandfather); [[Amasa J. Parker]] (great-grandfather); [[Parker Corning]] (uncle); and [[Edwin Corning Jr.]] (brother).

Dorothea "Polly" Noonan—a onetime secretary to Corning, a vice chairwoman of the Democratic State Committee, and a longtime president of the Albany Democratic Women's Club—was Corning's "closest confidante". According to author Paul Grondahl, the lives of Corning and Noonan were "'inextricably linked through politics and personal devotion'". Author [[William Kennedy (author)|William Kennedy]] recalled in his book “O Albany!” that at Corning's funeral, members of the media were asked not to "'focus undue attention'" on Noonan. According to ''[[The New York Times]]'', Corning, "in effect, disinherited his wife and children. He left the Noonan family his insurance business, which generously sold policies to anyone who wanted to do business with the government".<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/01/nyregion/01family.html|title=Gillibrand's Grandmother Also Wielded Political Power, but From the Wings|first=Sam|last=Roberts|newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 31, 2009))</ref>

Corning referred to himself as "Erastus Corning 2nd", preferring it to "Erastus Corning II" or "Erastus Corning Jr."<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=3pEMAAAAYAAJ&q=arabic O Albany!], by William Kennedy, 1983, page 329</ref>((sfn|Grondahl|page=69))

On May 28, 1983, following a year-long illness, Corning died of cardio-pulmonary failure at [[Boston Medical Center|University Hospital]] in [[Boston]].<ref name="auto"/> He is interred at [[Albany Rural Cemetery]].<ref>((Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/06/02/nyregion/erastus-corning-and-his-era-are-laid-to-rest-in-albany.html|title=Erastus Corning and His Era Are Laid to Rest in Albany|first1=Michael|last1=Oreskes|first2=Special to The New York|last2=Times|newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 2, 1983))</ref>

==Legacy==
[[Image:CorningTowerPanorama.jpg|thumb|left|[[Erastus Corning Tower]]]]
The [[Erastus Corning Tower]], the tallest building in Albany and the tallest in the state outside [[New York City]], is named for him, as is the Corning Riverfront Park, a nature trail and fishing site on the western banks of the [[Hudson River]] in Albany.  The tower is part of the [[Empire State Plaza]], a ((convert|98|acre|m2|adj=on)), 11-building state government office and cultural complex. Some believe that the building was named after Corning because it has 42 floors (which is the same as the number of years he served as mayor), but the building actually has 44 floors with an [[observation deck]] on Floor 42. Completed in 1973, the skyscraper was dedicated to Corning upon his death in 1983.

[[Wilhelmina of the Netherlands|Queen Wilhelmina]] of the [[Netherlands]] named Corning an officer of the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]], the country's highest citizen honor, in gratitude for his aid to [[Nijmegen]] following World War II.<ref>[http://www.timesunion.com/ASPStories/Story.asp?StoryID=838319&TextPage=2 "Dutch make royal return"]. [[Times Union (Albany)|''Times Union'']] (Albany, NY). September 4, 2009.</ref>

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*[http://webhome.idirect.com/~boweevil/corning1.html Excerpt from ''Mayor Corning: Albany Icon, Albany Enigma'' by Paul Grondahl]
*[http://webhome.idirect.com/~boweevil/corning2.html Another excerpt from ''Mayor Corning: Albany Icon, Albany Enigma'']
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060513204640/http://www.albanycounty.com/departments/achor/corning.asp?id=977 Biography of Erastus Corning 2nd at Albany County Hall of Records]
* ((find a Grave|3229))

((s-start))
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((succession box | title = [[New York State Assembly]] <br>Albany County, 1st District | before = [[John H. Cahill]] | years = 1936 | after = [[George W. Foy]]))
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((succession box | title = [[New York State Senate]] <br>30th District | before = [[William T. Byrne]] | years = 1937–1941 | after = [[Julian B. Erway]]))
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((succession box | title = [[Mayor of Albany, New York]] | before = [[Herman F. Hoogkamp]] | after = [[Frank Salisbury Harris]] <br>Acting | years = 1942–1944))
((succession box | title = [[Mayor of Albany, New York]] | before = [[Frank Salisbury Harris]] <br>Acting | after = [[Thomas Michael Whalen III]] | years = 1945–1983))
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((succession box | title = Democratic Party Nominee for [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]] | before = [[Charles Poletti]] <br>1942 | after = [[Richard H. Balch]] <br>1950 | years = 1946))
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((DEFAULTSORT:Corning, Erastus 2nd))
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1983 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Albany Rural Cemetery]]
[[Category:Groton School alumni]]
[[Category:Mayors of Albany, New York]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the New York State Assembly]]
[[Category:Democratic Party New York (state) state senators]]
[[Category:Politicians from Albany, New York]]
[[Category:Yale University alumni]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
[[Category:20th-century American legislators]]
[[Category:The Albany Academy alumni]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:United States Army soldiers]]
[[Category:Corning family]]

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Module:Detect singular (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Find country (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/anchor id list/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Footnotes/whitelist (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:ISO 3166 (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:ISO 3166/data/National (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:MultiReplace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Plain text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:WikidataCheck (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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