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((Use dmy dates|date=October 2019))
((refimprove|date=March 2016))
((Infobox military person
| name          = Ernst von Leyser
| image         = Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1984-019-33, Ernst v. Leyser.jpg
| image_size    = 
| caption       = Ernst von Leyser in 1941
| birth_date          = ((Birth date|1889|11|18|df=y))
| death_date          = ((Death date and age|1962|9|23|1889|11|18|df=y))
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
| birth_place  =  [[Steglitz]], [[Province of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]], [[German Empire]] 
| death_place  =  [[Garstedt]], [[Lower Saxony]], [[West Germany]]
| placeofburial_coordinates =
| nickname      =
| allegiance    =  ((flag|German Empire)) (to 1918)<br />((flag|Weimar Republic)) (to 1933)<br/>((flag|Nazi Germany)) 
|branch=<!---- [[Prussian Army]]<br />''[[Reichsheer]]''<br/>---->[[German Army (Wehrmacht)|Army (Wehrmacht)]]
| serviceyears  =  1909–45 
| rank          = [[File: General_(Wehrmacht)_1.svg|40px]] [[General of the Infantry (Germany)|General of the Infantry]]
| servicenumber =
| unit          =
| commands      = [[269th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|269th Infantry Division]]<br/>[[XXVI Army Corps (Germany)|XXVI Army Corps]]<br/>[[XV Mountain Army Corps]]<br/>[[XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany)]]
| battles       =  [[World War I]]<br/>[[World War II]]
*[[Battle of France]]
*[[Operation Barbarossa]]
*[[Battle of Leningrad]]
*[[Raid on Drvar]] 
| battles_label =
| awards        = [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]]
| relations     =
| laterwork     =
))

'''Ernst Ulrich Hans von Leyser''' (((IPA-de|ˈeʁnst ˈuːlʁiːx ˈxans fon ˈlaɪsa))) (18 November 1889 – 23 September 1962) was a general in the [[Wehrmacht]] of [[Nazi Germany]] during [[World War II]] who commanded several army corps. 

After the war, in 1947, Leyser was tried for [[war crimes]] committed in the [[Balkans]] and sentenced to ten years of imprisonment during the [[Hostages Trial]]; his sentence was commuted to time served and he was released in 1951.

==Life==
===World War II===
During the [[Battle of France|invasion of France]], Leyser commanded a regiment. In April 1941 he was appointed commander of the [[269th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|269th Infantry Division]]. As part of the [[Army Group North]], the division fought in northern [[Soviet Union]] after the launching of [[Operation Barbarossa]]. On 18 September 1941 he was awarded the [[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]] and command of the [[XXVI Army Corps (Germany)|XXVI Army Corps]] during the [[siege of Leningrad]].

On 1 December 1942 Leyser assumed command of the [[XXVI Army Corps (Germany)|XXVI Army Corps]]. Almost a year later, he was assigned to lead the [[XV Mountain Army Corps]], which was fighting against [[Yugoslav partisans]] in [[Croatia]]. On 20 July 1944 (coincidentally, the day of the [[20 July plot|failed assassination of Adolf Hitler]]) he switched command with General [[Gustav Fehn]], commander of the [[XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany)]] in the [[Balkans]]. 

On 29 April 1945, he was relieved of command.  Leyser was arrested by the United States forces on 8 May.

===Trial and conviction===
[[File:Defendants in the dock and their lawyers during Hostages Trial USHMM 16806.jpg|upright|thumb|Ernst von Leyser (fourth from right) during the [[Hostages Trial]]]]
Leyser was tried, as subordinate to General [[Lothar Rendulic]], along with 12 other high-ranking German officers in the [[Hostages Trial]], from 13 May 1947 to 19 February 1948. He was found guilty on two charges of [[crimes against humanity]] and [[war crimes]]: murder and mistreatment of [[POW]]s and murder and mistreatment of civilians. Leyser was sentenced to 10 years of imprisonment in December 1947.<ref>((cite book|last=McDonald|first=Gabrielle Kirk|title=Substantive and Procedural Aspects of International Criminal Law: The Experience of International and National Courts: Materials|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzYznOEiZmcC&pg=PA2000|year=2000|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-411-1134-4|page=2000))</ref> On 31 January 1951, [[John J. McCloy]], the US High Commissioner in Germany, revised his sentence to time served.<ref>((cite book|author=[[Kevin Jon Heller]]|title=The Nuremberg Military Tribunals and the Origins of International Criminal Law|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ALHAwFfy44C&pg=PA432|year=2011|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-955431-7|page=432))</ref>

==Death==
Leyser died in [[Garstedt]] on 23 September 1962, at the age of 73.

==Awards==
* [[Iron Cross]] (1914) 2nd and 1st Class 
* [[House Order of Hohenzollern]], Knight's Cross with swords
* [[Baltic Cross]]
* [[The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918]] with swords
* [[Clasp to the Iron Cross]] (1939) 2nd and 1st Class 
*[[Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg)|Johanittenorden (Ehrenritter)]]
*[[Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]] on 18 September 1941 as [[Generalmajor]] and commander of the 269. Infanterie-Division<ref>Scherzer 2007, p. 504.</ref><ref>Fellgiebel 2000, p. 290.</ref>
*[[German Cross]] in Gold on 14 April 1943 as General der Infanterie and commanding general of the XXVI. Armeekorps

==References==
((Reflist|30em))

==Sources==
((Refbegin))
* ((Cite book
  |last=Fellgiebel
  |first=Walther-Peer
  |author-link=Walther-Peer Fellgiebel
  |year=2000
  |orig-year=1986
  |title=Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile
  |trans-title=The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches
  |language=de
  |location=Friedberg, Germany
  |publisher=Podzun-Pallas
  |isbn=978-3-7909-0284-6
))
((Refend))

((S-start))
((S-mil))
((Succession box
|before=none
|after=[[Oberst]] [[Helge Auleb]]
|title= Commander of Infanterie-Regiment 77
|years=1 April 1936 – 14 July 1936
))
((Succession box
|before=none
|after=none
|title=Commander of Infanterie-Regiment 169
|years=25 October 1939 – 31 March 1941
))
((Succession box
|before=[[Generalleutnant]] [[Wolfgang Edler Herr und Freiherr von Plotho|Wolfgang<br />Edler&nbsp;Herr&nbsp;und&nbsp;Freiherr&nbsp;von&nbsp;Plotho]]
|after=Generalleutnant [[Curt Badinski]]
|title=Commander of [[269th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|269. Infanterie-Division]]
|years=1 April 1941 – 31 August 1942
))
((Succession box
|before=[[General of the Artillery (Germany)|General der Artillerie]] [[Albert Wodrig]]
|after=[[General der Panzertruppe]] [[Gustav Fehn]]
|title=Commander of [[XXVI Army Corps (Germany)|XXVI. Armeekorps]]
|years=1 October 1942 – 1 July 1943
))
((Succession box
|before=[[General der Panzertruppe]] [[Gustav Fehn]]
|after=[[General of the Infantry (Germany)|General der Infanterie]] [[Carl Hilpert]]
|title=Commander of [[XXVI Army Corps (Germany)|XXVI. Armeekorps]]
|years=19 August 1943 – 31 October 1943
))
((Succession box
|before=[[General of the Infantry (Germany)|General der Infanterie]] [[Rudolf Lüters]]
|after=[[General der Panzertruppe|General&nbsp;der&nbsp;Panzertruppe]]&nbsp;[[Gustav Fehn|Gustav&nbsp;Fehn]]
|title=Commander of [[XV Mountain Army Corps (Germany)|XV. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps]]
|years=1 November 1943 – 31 July 1944
))
((Succession box
|before=[[General der Panzertruppe|General&nbsp;der&nbsp;Panzertruppe]]&nbsp;[[Gustav Fehn|Gustav&nbsp;Fehn]]
|after=[[Generalleutnant]] [[Albrecht Baier]]
|title=Commander of [[XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany)|XXI. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps]]
|years=20 July 1944 – 11 October 1944
))
((Succession box
|before=[[Generalleutnant]] [[Albrecht Baier]]
|after=Generalleutnant [[Hartwig von Ludwiger]]
|title=Commander of [[XXI Mountain Army Corps (Germany)|XXI. Gebirgs.-Armeekorps]]
|years=25 October 1944 – 29 April 1945
))
((S-end))

((Knight's Cross recipients of the 269th ID))
((Hostages Trial defendants))
((Subject bar
| portal1=Biography
| commons=y
))

((DEFAULTSORT:Leyser, Ernst Von))
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1962 deaths]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Berlin]]
[[Category:Military personnel from the Province of Brandenburg]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold German Cross]]
[[Category:German people convicted of war crimes]]
[[Category:German people convicted of crimes against humanity]]
[[Category:People convicted by the United States Nuremberg Military Tribunals]]
[[Category:German Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Generals of Infantry (Wehrmacht)]]
[[Category:Reichswehr personnel]]
[[Category:People from Steglitz-Zehlendorf]]

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