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((short description|Railway station in Greater London, England))
((Use British English|date=August 2012))
((More citations needed|date=June 2011))
((Use dmy dates|date=August 2020))
((Infobox London station
 | name = Essex Road |symbol=rail
 | image_name =File:Station building Essex Road - 16 March 2017.jpg
 | caption=Entrance on Canonbury Road
 | manager = [[Govia Thameslink Railway|Great Northern]]
 | owner = [[Network Rail]]
 | fare_zone = 2
 | dft_category = E
 | locale = [[Canonbury]]
 | borough = [[London Borough of Islington]]
 | years1 = 14 February 1904
 | years2 = 4 October 1975
 | years3 = 8 August 1976
 | events1 = Opened (GN&CR)
 | events2 = Closed (Northern City Line)
 | events3 = Opened (British Rail City Line)
 | platforms=2
 <!-- | railexits0405 = ((pad|1em))0.118
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 | railexits2122 = ((increase)) 0.408
 | railexits2223 = ((increase)) 0.560
 | railcode = EXR
 | coordinates   = ((coord|51.5406|-0.0963|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title))
))
'''Essex Road''' is a [[National Rail]] station in [[Canonbury]] in [[Greater London]], England, and is on the [[Northern City Line]] between ((stl|London Underground|Old Street)) and ((stl|London Underground|Highbury & Islington)), ((convert|1|mi|59|chain|km)) down the line from ((stn|Moorgate)), and is in [[Travelcard Zone 2]]. The station is at the junction of [[Essex Road]], Canonbury Road and [[New North Road, Islington|New North Road]], with the present entrance on Canonbury Road. Operated by [[Great Northern route|Great Northern]], it is the only deep-level underground station in [[London]] served exclusively by National Rail trains. Between 1933 and 1975 the station was operated as part of the [[London Underground]], as a short branch of the [[Northern line]]. Between 1922 and 1948 the station name was '''Canonbury & Essex Road'''. The name reverted to the original form in 1948.

==History==
The station was opened on 14 February 1904 by the [[Great Northern & City Railway]] (GN&CR) on its underground route between the [[Great Northern Railway (Great Britain)|Great Northern Railway]] (GNR) station at [[Finsbury Park station|Finsbury Park]] and the [[Metropolitan Railway]] (MR) and [[City & South London Railway]] (C&SLR) station at Moorgate in the [[City of London]].

The GN&CR was intended to carry main line trains and the tunnels were constructed with a larger diameter (((convert|16|ft|m|abbr=on|disp=semicolon))) than the other deep tube railways being built at that time (roughly ((convert|11|to|12|ft|m|abbr=on|disp=semicolon))). From 1913 the MR took control of the GN&CR and ran it under its own name until it became part of the [[London Passenger Transport Board]] (LPTB) in 1933. In preparation for the LPTB's [[Northern line#The Northern Heights plan|"Northern Heights" plan]] the line was transferred to the control of the Morden-Edgware Line (now the Northern line).

The Northern Heights plan involved the building of a connection to the surface platforms at Finsbury Park and the transfer of a [[London and North Eastern Railway]] (LNER) branch from there to ((Stnlnk|Edgware)), ((stl|London Underground|High Barnet)) and [[Alexandra Palace railway station (Muswell Hill branch)|Alexandra Palace]]. By 1939 much of the work for the connection of the lines had been done and the opening of the connection was scheduled for autumn 1940 but the start of [[World War II]] put a halt to further construction. After the war the uncompleted parts of the plan were cancelled and Northern line trains continued to run to Finsbury Park on what became known as the Northern City Line or, from 1970, the Northern line Highbury Branch.

The station was, from the early 1960s, closed on Sundays. In the 1970s it was also closed on Saturdays.
[[File:Inside Essex Road.jpg|left|thumb|Inside Essex Road featuring [[Network SouthEast|Network South East]] Branding. ]]
The Northern City Line was closed on 4 October 1975 (due to its weekend closure, Essex Road closed the day before) and ceased to be part of the London Underground. The line was transferred to [[British Rail]] (BR) and the unused connection between Drayton Park and Finsbury Park from the cancelled Northern Heights plan finally received the tracks to connect the line to the surface platforms at ((stl|London Underground|Finsbury Park)). On 8 August 1976, the City Line reopened as part of the BR network with main line size trains running to ((stl|London Underground|Old Street)). On 8 November 1976, seventy-two years after the GN&CR first opened, the line was opened fully for main line trains from Moorgate to Finsbury Park and beyond as had been originally intended. It is the only underground station on this line not operated by London Underground or Transport for London.

By comparison with other underground stations built at the beginning of the 20th century, the station's surface building is nondescript and unremarkable. Unlike many other central London underground stations, Essex Road was never modernised with [[escalator]]s and access to the platforms is by [[elevator|lift]] or a spiral staircase. The station also lacks the automatic ticket gates present at most London Underground and many National Rail stations. Far fewer passengers use Essex Road station, only 0.77 million entries and exits during 2019–20,<ref>((cite web |title=Table 1410 - Passenger entries and exits and interchanges by station - 2019-20 |url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/media/2023/estimates-of-station-usage-2019-20.ods |website=ORR Data Portal |publisher=Office of Rail and Road |access-date=27 December 2022 |date=22 July 2021))</ref> compared to nearby Angel tube station, with 17.7 million for 2019.<ref>((cite web |title=Transport for London Annual Counts for LU/LO/DLR/TfL Rail (Annualised) for 2019 |url=http://crowding.data.tfl.gov.uk/Annual%20Station%20Counts/2019/AnnualisedEntryExit_2019.xlsx |website=TfL open Crowding data |publisher=Transport for London |access-date=27 December 2022 |date=23 Sep 2020))</ref>

At the lower level the lifts and staircase (of 156 steps) are connected to the platforms via a passageway and a short staircase rising between the two tunnels. The Underground's former operation of the station is evident from the unused and rusty fourth rail which once provided a return of the current from the tube trains serving the line. The third rail is still in use, with return now through the running rails. Signs at street and platform level still reference [[Network SouthEast]], even though it is now Great Northern that manage and serve this station.

==Services==
All services at Essex Road are operated by [[Govia Thameslink Railway|Great Northern]] using ((brc|717)) [[Electric multiple unit|EMUs]].

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:<ref>((NRtimes|May 2022|24))</ref>
* 4 tph to ((stn|Moorgate))
* 2 tph to ((stnlnk|Stevenage)) via ((stnlnk|Hertford North))
* 2 tph to ((stnlnk|Welwyn Garden City))

During the peak hours, the station is served by an additional half-hourly service between Moorgate and Hertford North and the service between Moorgate and Welwyn Garden City is increased to 4 tph.

((Adjacent stations|noclear=y
|system1=National Rail
|note-row1=
((s-rail-national|previous=Highbury & Islington|next=Old Street|toc=Great Northern|route=((smalldiv|[[Northern City Line]]))))
|header2=Former service
|system3=London Underground
|line3=Metropolitan|left3=Highbury & Islington|right3=Old Street|to-left3=Finsbury Park|to-right3=Moorgate|note-mid3=Northern City Branch<br/>(1913–39)<ref>Orange-colored “Great Northern“ from 1904</ref>
|line4=Northern|left4=Highbury & Islington|right4=Old Street|to-left4=Finsbury Park|to-right4=Moorgate|note-mid4=Northern City branch<br/>(1939–64)
|line5=Northern|left5=Highbury & Islington|right5=Old Street|to-left5=Drayton Park|to-right5=Moorgate|note-mid5=Northern City branch<br/>(1964–75)
|header6=Abandoned Northern Heights line
|line7=Northern|left7=Highbury & Islington|right7=Old Street|to-left7=Bushey Heath or High Barnet or Alexandra Palace|to-right7=Moorgate
))

==Connections==
[[London Buses]] routes [[London Buses route 38|38]], [[London Buses route 56|56]], [[London Buses route 73|73]], [[London Buses route 271|271]], [[London Buses route 341|341]] and [[London Buses route 476|476]] and night routes [[London Buses route N38|N38]] and [[London Buses route N73|N73]] serve the station.

==Future==
Essex Road was a station on the proposed '''Chelsea-Hackney line'''. However, the scheme currently being pursued by the developers of [[Crossrail]], known as [[Crossrail 2]], does not provide for an interchange at Essex Road.<ref>[http://www.crossrail.co.uk/library#tag/743/812 Crossrail Chelsea-Hackney: Downloads] ((webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919114325/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/library |date=19 September 2009 ))</ref>

==References==
((reflist))

== External links ==
((Commons category))
((stn art lnk|EXR|N12SU))
*[https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs London Transport Museum Photographic Archive]
** ((LTM archive|1998-87065|Essex Road station shortly after the Metropolitan Railway's merger into London Underground, 1933))
** ((LTM archive|1999-37834|Canonbury Road elevation, 1975))
** ((LTM archive|1998-64699|Platform showing original GN&CR tiling, 1975))

((TSGN and SE Stations|Northern City=y|SE None=y|SN None=y))
((Metropolitan line navbox))
((Northern line navbox))
((Closed London Underground stations))
((UK railway stations))

((DEFAULTSORT:Essex Road Railway Station))
[[Category:Proposed Chelsea-Hackney Line stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in the London Borough of Islington]]
[[Category:Former Great Northern and City Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1904]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1975]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1976]]
[[Category:Railway stations served by Govia Thameslink Railway]]
[[Category:Unopened Northern Heights extension stations]]
[[Category:1904 establishments in England]]
[[Category:1975 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in England]]

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