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((redirect|ESDAC|the European Space Data Acquisition Centre|European Space Operations Centre|the early computer|EDSAC))
((More citations needed|date=January 2011))
The '''European Soil Database'''  is the only harmonized soil database in Europe from which many other data information and services are derived. For instance, the '''European Soil Database v2 Raster Library''' contains raster (grid) data files with cell sizes of 1&nbsp;km x 1&nbsp;km for a large number of soil related parameters. Each grid is aligned with the INSPIRE reference grid . These rasters are in the public domain and allow expert users to use the data for instance to run soil-, water- and air related models. . The European Soil Database may be downloaded from the [http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu European Soil Data Center] ([https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu ESDAC]).<ref>((Cite journal|last1=Panagos|first1=Panos|last2=Liedekerke|first2=Marc Van|last3=Jones|first3=Arwyn|last4=Montanarella|first4=Luca|title=European Soil Data Centre: Response to European policy support and public data requirements|journal=Land Use Policy|volume=29|issue=2|pages=329–338|doi=10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.07.003|year=2012))</ref>

The soil raster data files are accompanied by as many static soil maps (PDF Format, A3), which allow the user to have a quick overview of the distribution of soil characteristics in a spatial way. The many rasters include parameters such as soil texture (clay, silt and sand), parent material, WRB soil type, Obstacle to roots, soil depth, Impermeability, Soil Water Regime, Water Management System, mineralogy, cation exchange capacity, packing density, available water capacity.

The European Soil Database is based on experts knowledge. In addition to the European Soil Database, the European Commission runs the LUCAS topsoil survey<ref>((Cite journal|last=Orgiazzi|first=A.|last2=Ballabio|first2=C.|last3=Panagos|first3=P.|last4=Jones|first4=A.|last5=Fernández‐Ugalde|first5=O.|date=2018|title=LUCAS Soil, the largest expandable soil dataset for Europe: a review|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ejss.12499|journal=European Journal of Soil Science|language=en|volume=69|issue=1|pages=140–153|doi=10.1111/ejss.12499|issn=1365-2389))</ref> collecting soil samples across the soils of European Union. Based on LUCAS topsoil database, scientists have modelled the spatial dsitribution of soil physical properties (Sand, Silt, Clay, Coarse fragmenets, etc)<ref>((Cite journal|last=Ballabio|first=Cristiano|last2=Panagos|first2=Panos|last3=Monatanarella|first3=Luca|date=2016-01-01|title=Mapping topsoil physical properties at European scale using the LUCAS database|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706115300173|journal=Geoderma|volume=261|pages=110–123|doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.07.006|issn=0016-7061))</ref>.

In an attempt to expand soil data at European scale, the European Commission Joint Research Centre runs the LUCAS [[topsoil]] survey<ref>((Cite journal|last1=Orgiazzi|first1=A.|last2=Ballabio|first2=C.|last3=Panagos|first3=P.|last4=Jones|first4=A.|last5=Fernández‐Ugalde|first5=O.|date=2018|title=LUCAS Soil, the largest expandable soil dataset for Europe: a review|journal=European Journal of Soil Science|language=en|volume=69|issue=1|pages=140–153|doi=10.1111/ejss.12499|issn=1365-2389|doi-access=free))</ref> collecting soil samples across the soils of European Union. Based on LUCAS topsoil database, scientists have modelled the spatial distribution of soil physical properties (sand, silt, clay, coarse fragments, etc).<ref>((Cite journal|last1=Ballabio|first1=Cristiano|last2=Panagos|first2=Panos|last3=Monatanarella|first3=Luca|date=2016-01-01|title=Mapping topsoil physical properties at European scale using the LUCAS database|journal=Geoderma|volume=261|pages=110–123|doi=10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.07.006|bibcode=2016Geode.261..110B |issn=0016-7061|doi-access=free))</ref>

Additionally, in ESDAC, a number of mapping services has been developed in order to allow the public to navigate and query soil data. The ESDAC Map Viewer is a web-based application for the navigation of ESDB related data through a map interface. This map service allows interaction through soil parameter selection and map operations such as zooming and panning. The data can be queried and identified. According to [[INSPIRE]] principles, this application has been created and extended using international standards (OGC - WMS) so that it is possible to combine layers of maps located in different map servers all around the World.

'''Download Sources''':
* [https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/european-soil-database-v20-vector-and-attribute-data Vector Data]
* [https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/european-soil-database-v2-raster-library-1kmx1km Raster Library 1km x 1km]

== See also ==
*[https://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu European Soil Data Centre]

==References==
<references />

== External links ==
* [http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ Official site]
* [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2011.07.003 European Soil Data Centre: response to European policy support and public data requirements] Land Use Policy, 29 (2), pp.&nbsp;329–338. 
* [http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esbn/Esbn_overview.html European Soil Bureau Network]
* LUCAS topsoil database: ((Cite journal|last1=Orgiazzi|first1=A.|last2=Ballabio|first2=C.|last3=Panagos|first3=P.|last4=Jones|first4=A.|last5=Fernández-Ugalde|first5=O.|title=LUCAS Soil, the largest expandable soil dataset for Europe: a review|journal=European Journal of Soil Science|volume=69|language=en|pages=140–153|doi=10.1111/ejss.12499|issn=1365-2389|year=2018|doi-access=free))
*
* [http://www.geoconnexion.com/uploads/europeansoil_intv5i7.pdf The European soil database] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928022734/http://www.geoconnexion.com/uploads/europeansoil_intv5i7.pdf |date=2007-09-28 )) Geo: International, July/Aug 2006 Volume 5 · Issue 7: 32-33. Pan-European in scope, this database provides a consistent view and understanding of the soil we depend upon for living.

[[Category:Geography of Europe]]
[[Category:Government databases of the European Union]]
[[Category:Pedology]]
[[Category:Soil]]
[[Category:Geographical databases]]
[[Category:Databases in Europe]]

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