Euryale | |
---|---|
Flowering Euryale ferox cultivated at the Kodai Hasu no Sato park in Gyoda City, Saitama Prefecture, Japan | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Order: | Nymphaeales |
Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
Genus: | Euryale Salisb. |
Species | |
Extant species:[1]
Fossil species: | |
Synonyms[1] | |
|
Euryale is a genus of flowering plants of the family Nymphaeaceae.[1]
Euryale is an annual or perennial, rhizomatous, aquatic herb with erect, unbranched rhizomes.[8] The adaxial leaf surface is green, and features prickles at the veins. The abaxial leaf surface is violet and displays prominent, prickly venation.[9]
The pedunculate, 5 cm wide flowers have prickly peduncles and sepals.[10] The stigma has 8-9 stigmatic rays. The prickly fruit bears black,[9] smooth, arillate,[8] globose, 6-10 mm wide seeds.[10]
It was published by Richard Anthony Salisbury in 1805.[1]
It has one extant species:[1]
And several fossil species:
The chromosome count of Euryale ferox is 2n = 58.[11]
Euryale is found in the area that stretches from Northern India to the Russian Far East and extends into temperate East Asia.[1] Recently, it has also been recorded in Serbia, Europe. It was likely dispersed to Serbia through migrating birds.[13]
The IUCN conservation status of Euryale ferox is least concern (LC).[12]
Euryale seeds and prickles are well preserved in the fossil record.[14] Today, Euryale only occurs in the region spanning from Northern India to the Russian Far East, and extends to temperate East Asia.[1] But in the Pliocene period it also occurred in central Europe.[15]