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((Refimprove|date=July 2009))
((lowercase))
((Infobox software
| name                   = expand
| logo                   = 
| screenshot             = 
| screenshot size        = 
| caption                = 
| author                 = 
| developer              = 
| released               = 
| latest release version = 
| latest release date    = 
| programming language   = 
| operating system       = [[Unix]] and [[Unix-like]]
| platform               = [[Cross-platform]]
| genre                  = [[Command (computing)|Command]]
| license                = 
| website                = 
))
'''<code>expand</code>''' is a program that converts [[Tab key#Tab characters|tab]] [[character (computing)|character]]s into groups of [[space (punctuation)|space]] characters, while maintaining correct alignment. It is available in [[Unix]] [[operating system]]s and many [[Unix-like]] operating systems.<ref>((cite web |title=expand |url=https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/expand.html |website=The Open Group Base Specifications |publisher=The Open Group |access-date=27 April 2023))</ref> The command is available as a separate package for [[Microsoft Windows]] as part of the [[UnxUtils]] collection of [[Native (computing)|native]] [[Windows API|Win32]] [[porting|ports]] of common [[GNU]] Unix-like utilities.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://unxutils.sourceforge.net/|title=Native Win32 ports of some GNU utilities|website=unxutils.sourceforge.net))</ref>

==Example==
For example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="console">
$ echo -e "foo\tbar" | expand | xxd -g 1 -u
0000000: 66 6F 6F 20 20 20 20 20 62 61 72 0A              foo     bar.
$ echo -e "foo\tbar" | xxd -g 1 -u
0000000: 66 6F 6F 09 62 61 72 0A                          foo.bar.
$
</syntaxhighlight>
Here the <code>[[Echo (command)|echo]]</code> command prints a string of text that includes a tab character, then the output is directed into the <code>expand</code> command. The resulting output is then displayed in [[hexadecimal]] and as characters by the <code>xxd</code> dump command. At the second prompt, the same <code>echo</code> output is sent directly to the <code>xxd</code> command. As can be seen by comparing the two, the <code>expand</code> program converts the tab (specified as '\t' to the <code>echo</code> program) into spaces.

==See also==
*[[List of Unix commands]]
*[[Unexpand]]

== References ==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*((man|cu|expand|SUS|convert tabs to spaces))

((Unix commands))
((Core Utilities commands))

[[Category:Standard Unix programs]]
[[Category:Unix SUS2008 utilities]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Expand (Unix) (edit)
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Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
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