An extracorporeal is a medical procedure which is performed outside the body. Extracorporeal devices are the artificial organs that remain outside the body while treating a patient. Extracorporeal devices are useful in hemodialysis and cardiac surgery. ^[1]

Circulatory procedures

A procedure in which blood is taken from a patient's circulation to have a process applied to it before it is returned to the circulation. All of the apparatus carrying the blood outside the body is termed the extracorporeal circuit.

• Intra-surgical cell salvage (aspiration, washing and Autotransfusion)
• Apheresis
  • Plasmapheresis vs cytapheresis
  • centrifugal apheresis vs filtration apheresis vs adsorption
  • cascade apheresis
• Hemoadsorption/Hemoperfusion
• Plasma Adsorption
• Aquapheresis
• Hemodialysis
• Hemofiltration
• Hemodiafiltration
• Renal replacement therapy
  • Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)
• Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal
• Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
• Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
• Cardiopulmonary bypass during open heart surgery
• Liver support system
• Biospleen and other extrocorporeal bionic or non bionic spleen-like blood cleansing device

Other procedures

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), which is unrelated to other extracorporeal therapies, in that the device used to break up the kidney stones is held completely outside the body, whilst the lithotripsy itself occurs inside the body.

Extracorporeal radiotherapy, where a large bone with a tumour is removed and given a dose far exceeding what would otherwise be safe to give to a patient.^[2][3]

Extracorporealc pulsatile circulatory control (EPCC) is a process by which brain function (animal model) is kept intact, keeping the organ alive and functioning independent from the rest of the body for several hours.^[4]