In blue: Countries that participated in the conference. In red: Countries that were invited to the conference but did not participate.
February 2019 Warsaw Conference, commonly known as the US-led Middle East conference in Warsaw,[1] took place on 13 and 14 February 2019 in Warsaw, capital of Poland.[2][3][4][5] The conference was hosted by Poland and the United States.[6][4][5] According to the joint official announcement of the meeting, the issues of the event were: “terrorism and extremism, missile development and proliferation, maritime trade and security, and threats posed by proxy groups across the region”.[7] In early February, the US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo had said that the purpose of the conference is to focus on "Iran’s influence and terrorism in the region".[4][7][8] However, after the European objections to the purpose, the United States was forced to backtrack on planning to build a global coalition against Iran.[7][8]
Secretary Pompeo Participates in a Joint Press Conference With Polish Foreign Minister Czaputowicz
On 12 February, US Secretary of State and Polish Foreign Minister had a press conference, one day before the summit on the “peace and security for the Middle East” officially begins. Pompeo said that more than 60 states are participating in the Warsaw summit.[10]
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in an interview while in Warsaw: "We want the Iranian people to have the opportunity to live in a prosperous, peaceful society, and one that is controlled by their desires, their wishes.”[11]
Reactions
The first day of the meetings, Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, wrote on Twitter that the meeting with Arab leaders was to reach a “common interest of war with Iran", repeated in a press release.[12][13] Later the tweet was deleted, and the press release amended to "common interest of combatting Iran".[14][15][16]
Iran has protested over the conference, calling it a hostile move.[citation needed] The foreign policy chief of the European Union, Federica Mogherini said that she will not attend the Warsaw meeting, "which has received a cool reception from European countries."[4]Russia's Foreign Ministry also released a statement on 22 January and cited that Russian officials will not attend the conference, which it described as an "anti-Iran platform."[4] Major European powers such as Germany and France, refused to send their top diplomats over fears that the summit was designed mainly to build an alliance against Iran.[1]
British Foreign Secretary, Jeremy Hunt, agreed to attend the summit but only on the condition that the United Kingdom, United States, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia hold a meeting on the margins about Yemen.[17]
Speaking in Warsaw, the U.S. Vice President Mike Pence called the regime in Iran the “greatest threat to peace and security in the Middle East”.[18] Mike Pence, criticized some European countries trying to weaken US sanctions against Iran and said Iran is after “another holocaust”.[19]
Khalid bin Salman, Saudi Arabia’s ambassador to the United States said the reason for his taking part in the Warsaw summit was, “to take a firm stand against forces that threaten the future of peace and security," in particular Iranian.[21]
On 13 and 14 February, a group of supporters of the National Council of Resistance of Iran that favor "regime change" in the Islamic Republic of Iran, held a rally in Warsaw to coincide with the conference. Rudy Giuliani, at the time serving as personal lawyer to then-President Donald Trump, attended the rally and demanded stronger policies against the Iranian government and its human rights violations.[22][23][24][25]
Speaking at the rally held by several hundred Mojahedin-e Khalq (MEK) supporters in Warsaw, former New York Mayor Mr. Giuliani said any peace plan in the region needs a “major change in the theocratic dictatorship in Iran”.[26]
Speakers at a MEK rally in Warsaw also included Sid Ahmad Ghozali, a former prime minister of Algeria, Robert Torricelli, a former US Democratic senator, along with several members of the Polish parliament.[27]
The Palestinian militant-resistance group and the ruling party in GazaHamas has denounced the conference in which the "Israeli leaders who keep perpetrating heinous crimes against the Palestinian people, desecrating holy sites, and denying the Palestinians of their basic rights."[28]
Turkey also refused an invitation by the United States to attend a summit in Warsaw on countering Iranian influence in the Middle East, on the grounds that it "targets one country", in particular Iran.[29] However, Turkey didn't denounce the participation of Azerbaijan, a fellow Turkic country and ally of Turkey nor Azerbaijan's anti-Iranian stance.
On March 1, 2021, during a speech, former US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo credited the 2019 Warsaw Conference with providing the breakthrough that paved the way for the Abraham Accords.[30] During the actual conference, Secretary of State Pence stated, "Tonight I believe we are beginning a new era, with Prime Minister Netanyahu from the State of Israel, with leaders from Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE, all breaking bread together, and later in this conference sharing honest perspectives on the challenges facing the area."[31]
^"Iranians Rally Outside Warsaw Summit for Second Day, Call for Regime Change". Official Website of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. NCRI is a broad coalition of democratic Iranian organizations and personalities founded in 1981 in Tehran by Massoud Rajavi. 14 February 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
Poland
