You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 34.203.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 00:10, 24 April 2026.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 05:38, 21 February 2024
- Expiry of block: 05:38, 21 February 2029
Your current IP address is 34.203.203.107. The blocked range is 34.203.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((short description|American case law reporter that compiles opinions of the U.S. District Courts))
((italic title))
((Multiple issues|
((more footnotes|date=November 2018))
((one source|date=November 2018))
((original research|date=November 2018))
))
((Use mdy dates|date=January 2024)) ((Use American English|date=January 2024))
[[File:Federal Supplement.jpg|thumb|right|The Federal Supplement]]
The '''''Federal Supplement''''' (((ISSN|1047-7306))) is a [[case law]] [[reporter (law)|reporter]] published by [[West Publishing]] in the [[United States]] that includes select [[court decision|opinions]] of the [[United States district courts]] since 1932, and is part of the [[National Reporter System]].  Although the ''Federal Supplement'' is an unofficial reporter and West is a private company that does not have a legal monopoly over the court opinions it publishes, it has so dominated the industry in the U.S. that legal professionals uniformly [[case citation|cite]] the ''Federal Supplement'' for included decisions.<ref name="OlsonPage185">((cite book |last1=Olson |first1=Kent C. |title=Legal Information How to Find It, How to Use it |date=1999 |publisher=Oryx Press |location=Phoenix, Arizona |isbn=9780897749633 |page=185 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BP5C6os40ToC&pg=PA185))</ref> Approximately 40 new volumes are published per year.<ref name="OlsonPage185" />

==Distinctions==

Before 1932, federal district court cases were published in the ''[[Federal Reporter]]'', which now publishes only case law from the [[United States Courts of Appeals]] and the [[United States Court of Federal Claims]]; prior series had varying scopes that covered opinions of other federal courts as well.  The ''[[United States Reports]]'' are the official law reports of the rulings, orders, case tables, and other proceedings of the [[Supreme Court of the United States]]. 

==Features and print format==
The ''Federal Supplement'' organizes court opinions within each volume by the date of the decision, and includes the full official text of the court's opinion.  West editors add headnotes that summarize key principles of law in the cases, and Key Numbers that classify the decisions by topic within the [[West American Digest System]].

Although opinions designated by the courts as "for publication" or "publish" are included in the ''Federal Supplement'', West editors also select certain opinions without such a designation for publication, as part of West's editorial process. Opinions explicitly designated "not for publication" will not be selected.

==Stare Decisis and Precedent==

Unlike the "published" opinions of the [[United States Courts of Appeals]]&mdash;which are included in the ''[[Federal Reporter]]'' series and have full [[precedent]]ial value, binding the lower courts in the relevant judicial circuit (vertical stare decisis) and, to a lesser degree, the issuing Court of Appeals (horizontal stare decisis)&mdash;published district court opinions do not constitute binding precedent. They may, however, be viewed as more persuasive than unpublished opinions.

==Series==

===''Federal Supplement''===
{| border=0
|-
|Citation: '''F. Supp.'''
|-
|Published: 1933–1998
|-
|Volumes: 999
|-
|Courts covered:
* [[United States district courts]] (previously found in the ''[[Federal Reporter]]'', also published by West)
*[[United States Customs Court]] ([[United States Court of International Trade]], 1980–onward)
*[[Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation]]
|}

===''Federal Supplement, Second Series''===
{| border=0
|-
|Citation: '''F. Supp. 2d'''
|-
|Published: 1998–2014
|-
|Volumes: 999
|-
|Courts covered:
* [[United States district courts]]
* [[United States Court of Federal Claims]]
* [[United States Court of International Trade]]
* [[Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation]]
|}

===''Federal Supplement, Third Series''===
{| border=0
|-
|Citation: '''F. Supp. 3d'''
|-
|Published: 2014–present
|-
|Volumes: 633 (As of August 2023)
|-
|Courts covered:
* [[United States district courts]]
* [[United States Court of Federal Claims]]
* [[United States Court of International Trade]]
* [[Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation]]
|}

==Electronic sources==
The ''Federal Supplement'', including its supplementary material, is also available on [[CD-ROM]] compilations, and on West's online legal database, [[Westlaw]].  Because individual court cases are identified by case citations that consist of printed page and volume numbers, the electronic text of the opinions incorporates the page numbers of the printed volumes with "star pagination"  formatting—the numbers are boldfaced within brackets and with asterisks prepended (i.e., '''[*4]''') to stand out from the rest of the text.

Though West has [[copyright]] over its original [[headnotes]] and [[keynote]]s, the opinions themselves are [[public domain]] and accordingly may be found in other sources, chiefly [[LexisNexis#Lexis.com|Lexis]], Westlaw's competitor.  Lexis also copies the star paginated  ''Federal Supplement''  numbering in their text of the opinions to allow for proper citation, a practice that was the subject of an unsuccessful copyright lawsuit by West against the parent company of Lexis.<ref>See ''Matthew Bender & Co. v. West Publ. Co.'', 158 F.3d 693 ([[United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit|2d Cir.]] 1999).</ref>

==Notes==
<references />

==External links==
*((wikisource-inline))
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070312234740/http://west.thomson.com/store/product.aspx?product_id=16008763 Official West Publishing site for the ''Federal Supplement, 2d'']
[[Category:West (publisher)]]
[[Category:National Reporter System]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Federal Supplement (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Catalog lookup link (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Error-small (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:ISSN (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Italic title (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More footnotes (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:More footnotes needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:One source (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Original research (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Sister-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Small (view source) (protected)
Template:Template link (view source) (protected)
Template:Tl (view source) (protected)
Template:Trim (view source) (protected)
Template:Use American English (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use mdy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Wikisource-inline (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno-yes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Catalog lookup link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Check isxn (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Error (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Italic title (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Federal Supplement.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Supplement"